Anzonico
Encyclopedia
Anzonico is a municipality
in the district of Leventina
in the canton
of Ticino
in Switzerland
.
In 1666 or 67 a landslide
engulfed the principal village, dragging many houses into the valley below and killing many of the inhabitants.
or associated farms to the greater Giornico
area. It belonged to the parish
of Giornico until the creation of a separate parish in 1602. The parish church
of St. John the Baptist was first mentioned in 1404. The church, like most of the town was destroyed on 19 January 1667 by an avalanche. It was rebuilt in 1670 in a sheltered location. The population lived mostly through agriculture and livestock (sheep), though many temporarily emigrated for work. On the sun-drenched slopes of the mountains, the community's vineyard
s are found everywhere below 700 m (2,296.6 ft) in elevation. Starting in 1850, the population began to drop drastically. Many Rustici or traditional houses have been converted into apartments.
Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 1.0% and transportation infrastructure made up 2.4%. Out of the forested land, 63.1% of the total land area is heavily forested and 4.3% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 2.5% is used for growing crops. All the water in the municipality is flowing water. Of the unproductive areas, 12.3% is unproductive vegetation and 4.3% is too rocky for vegetation.
The municipality is located in the Leventina district, near the Biaschina Loops of the Gotthard railway
on the left side of the valley.
of the municipal coat of arms
is Azure three chevrons Argent and in a chief of the last a mullet of eight Gules.
Most of the population speaks Italian
(83.7%), with Portuguese
being second most common ( 5.1%) and German
being third ( 5.1%). Of the Swiss national languages , 5 speak German
, 3 people speak French
, 82 people speak Italian
. The remainder (8 people) speak another language.
, the gender distribution of the population was 46.2% male and 53.8% female. The population was made up of 38 Swiss men (35.8% of the population), and 11 (10.4%) non-Swiss men. There were 48 Swiss women (45.3%), and 9 (8.5%) non-Swiss women. In there was 1 live birth to Swiss citizens and in same time span there was 1 death of Swiss citizens. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources) was an increase of 1 and the non-Swiss population remained constant. This represents a population growth rate of 1.0%.
The age distribution, , in Anzonico is; 7 children or 6.6% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 0 teenagers between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 5 people or 4.7% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 12 people or 11.3% are between 30 and 39, 6 people or 5.7% are between 40 and 49, and 17 people or 16.0% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 23 people or 21.7% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 21 people or 19.8% are between 70 and 79, there are 15 people or 14.2% who are over 80.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.49 which is less people per room than the cantonal average of 0.6 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 62.5% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 48 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2 persons per household. there were 188 single family homes (or 94.5% of the total) out of a total of 199 inhabited buildings. There were 5 two family buildings (2.5%) and 5 multi-family buildings (2.5%). There were also 1 buildings in the municipality that were multipurpose buildings (used for both housing and commercial or another purpose).
The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 0%. there were 214 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was the 3 room apartment of which there were 69. There were 16 single room apartments and 43 apartments with five or more rooms. Of these apartments, a total of 48 apartments (22.4% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 164 apartments (76.6%) were seasonally occupied and 2 apartments (0.9%) were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 9.5 new units per 1000 residents.
The historical population is given in the following table:
the most popular party was the FDP
which received 37.26% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP
(33.15%), the SP
(20.55%) and the Ticino League
(7.12%). In the federal election, a total of 47 votes were cast, and the voter turnout
was 55.3%.
In the Gran Consiglio election, there were a total of 86 registered voters in Anzonico, of which 64 or 74.4% voted. The most popular party was the PLRT
which received 22 or 34.4% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the PPD
+GenGiova (with 18 or 28.1%), the PS
(with 13 or 20.3%) and the SSI (with 6 or 9.4%).
In the Consiglio di Stato election, 1 blank ballot was cast, leaving 63 valid ballots in the election. The most popular party was the PLRT which received 21 or 33.3% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the PPD (with 19 or 30.2%), the PS (with 12 or 19.0%) and the SSI (with 7 or 11.1%).
, there were no workers who commuted into the municipality and 25 workers who commuted away. Of the working population, 15% used public transportation to get to work, and 50% used a private car. , there were 2 hotels in Anzonico.
. There are 9 individuals (or about 9.18% of the population) who belong to another church (not listed on the census), and 3 individuals (or about 3.06% of the population) did not answer the question.
).
In Anzonico there were a total of 5 students . The Ticino education system
provides up to three years of non-mandatory kindergarten
and in Anzonico there were no children in kindergarten. The primary school program lasts for five years and includes both a standard school and a special school. In the municipality, 1 student attended the standard primary school and no students attended the special school. In the lower secondary school system, students either attend a two year middle school followed by a two year pre-apprenticeship or they attend a four year program to prepare for higher education. There were no students in the lower secondary program.
The upper secondary school includes several options, but at the end of the upper secondary program, a student will be prepared to enter a trade or to continue on to a university or college. In Ticino, vocational students may either attend school while working on their internship or apprenticeship (which takes three or four years) or may attend school followed by an internship or apprenticeship (which takes one year as a full-time student or one and a half to two years as a part-time student). There were 0 vocational students who were attending school full-time and 2 who attend part-time.
The professional program lasts three years and prepares a student for a job in engineering, nursing, computer science, business, tourism and similar fields. There were 2 students in the professional program.
, 7 residents attended schools outside the municipality.
Municipalities of Switzerland
Communes , also known as municipalities, are the smallest government division in Switzerland, numbering 2,596 . While many have a population of a few hundred citizens, the largest cities such as Zürich or Geneva also have the legal status of municipalities...
in the district of Leventina
Leventina (district)
The district of Leventina is one of the eight districts of the largely Italian-speaking canton of Ticino in Switzerland. The capital of the district is Faido but the largest town is Airolo at the beginning or at the end of the valley....
in the canton
Cantons of Switzerland
The 26 cantons of Switzerland are the member states of the federal state of Switzerland. Each canton was a fully sovereign state with its own borders, army and currency from the Treaty of Westphalia until the establishment of the Swiss federal state in 1848...
of Ticino
Ticino
Canton Ticino or Ticino is the southernmost canton of Switzerland. Named after the Ticino river, it is the only canton in which Italian is the sole official language...
in Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
.
In 1666 or 67 a landslide
Landslide
A landslide or landslip is a geological phenomenon which includes a wide range of ground movement, such as rockfalls, deep failure of slopes and shallow debris flows, which can occur in offshore, coastal and onshore environments...
engulfed the principal village, dragging many houses into the valley below and killing many of the inhabitants.
History
Anzonico is first mentioned in 1226 as Ançonego. By 1229 it was listed a DegagnaDegagna
A Degagna is a public statutory corporation of territorial division in Switzerland. It is characteristic of the Leventina valley in the Canton of Ticino. It is a smaller division of a Vicinanza and is currently treated as the same as a patriziato under Swiss law. It began as church-territorial...
or associated farms to the greater Giornico
Giornico
Giornico is a municipality in the district of Leventina in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.-History:Giornico is first mentioned around 935-94 as de Iudicibus Giornicensis. In 1202 it was mentioned as Iornico, and around 1210-58 it was mentioned as Zurnigo...
area. It belonged to the parish
Parish
A parish is a territorial unit historically under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of one parish priest, who might be assisted in his pastoral duties by a curate or curates - also priests but not the parish priest - from a more or less central parish church with its associated organization...
of Giornico until the creation of a separate parish in 1602. The parish church
Parish church
A parish church , in Christianity, is the church which acts as the religious centre of a parish, the basic administrative unit of episcopal churches....
of St. John the Baptist was first mentioned in 1404. The church, like most of the town was destroyed on 19 January 1667 by an avalanche. It was rebuilt in 1670 in a sheltered location. The population lived mostly through agriculture and livestock (sheep), though many temporarily emigrated for work. On the sun-drenched slopes of the mountains, the community's vineyard
Vineyard
A vineyard is a plantation of grape-bearing vines, grown mainly for winemaking, but also raisins, table grapes and non-alcoholic grape juice...
s are found everywhere below 700 m (2,296.6 ft) in elevation. Starting in 1850, the population began to drop drastically. Many Rustici or traditional houses have been converted into apartments.
Geography
Anzonico has an area, , of 10.61 square kilometres (4.1 sq mi). Of this area, 0.39 km² (0.150579841851089 sq mi) or 3.7% is used for agricultural purposes, while 7.19 km² (2.8 sq mi) or 67.8% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.39 km² (0.150579841851089 sq mi) or 3.7% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.04 km² (9.9 acre) or 0.4% is either rivers or lakes and 1.77 km² (0.683400820708787 sq mi) or 16.7% is unproductive land.Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 1.0% and transportation infrastructure made up 2.4%. Out of the forested land, 63.1% of the total land area is heavily forested and 4.3% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 2.5% is used for growing crops. All the water in the municipality is flowing water. Of the unproductive areas, 12.3% is unproductive vegetation and 4.3% is too rocky for vegetation.
The municipality is located in the Leventina district, near the Biaschina Loops of the Gotthard railway
Gotthardbahn
Gotthardbahn was the name of a private Swiss railway company which operated the railway line from Immensee to Chiasso . Nowadays this term usually does not refer to that company, but to the railway line itself...
on the left side of the valley.
Coat of arms
The blazonBlazon
In heraldry and heraldic vexillology, a blazon is a formal description of a coat of arms, flag or similar emblem, from which the reader can reconstruct the appropriate image...
of the municipal coat of arms
Coat of arms
A coat of arms is a unique heraldic design on a shield or escutcheon or on a surcoat or tabard used to cover and protect armour and to identify the wearer. Thus the term is often stated as "coat-armour", because it was anciently displayed on the front of a coat of cloth...
is Azure three chevrons Argent and in a chief of the last a mullet of eight Gules.
Demographics
Anzonico has a population of . , 19.8% of the population are foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1997–2007) the population has changed at a rate of -10.3%.Most of the population speaks Italian
Italian language
Italian is a Romance language spoken mainly in Europe: Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City, by minorities in Malta, Monaco, Croatia, Slovenia, France, Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, and by immigrant communities in the Americas and Australia...
(83.7%), with Portuguese
Portuguese language
Portuguese is a Romance language that arose in the medieval Kingdom of Galicia, nowadays Galicia and Northern Portugal. The southern part of the Kingdom of Galicia became independent as the County of Portugal in 1095...
being second most common ( 5.1%) and German
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
being third ( 5.1%). Of the Swiss national languages , 5 speak German
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
, 3 people speak French
French language
French is a Romance language spoken as a first language in France, the Romandy region in Switzerland, Wallonia and Brussels in Belgium, Monaco, the regions of Quebec and Acadia in Canada, and by various communities elsewhere. Second-language speakers of French are distributed throughout many parts...
, 82 people speak Italian
Italian language
Italian is a Romance language spoken mainly in Europe: Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City, by minorities in Malta, Monaco, Croatia, Slovenia, France, Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, and by immigrant communities in the Americas and Australia...
. The remainder (8 people) speak another language.
, the gender distribution of the population was 46.2% male and 53.8% female. The population was made up of 38 Swiss men (35.8% of the population), and 11 (10.4%) non-Swiss men. There were 48 Swiss women (45.3%), and 9 (8.5%) non-Swiss women. In there was 1 live birth to Swiss citizens and in same time span there was 1 death of Swiss citizens. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources) was an increase of 1 and the non-Swiss population remained constant. This represents a population growth rate of 1.0%.
The age distribution, , in Anzonico is; 7 children or 6.6% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 0 teenagers between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 5 people or 4.7% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 12 people or 11.3% are between 30 and 39, 6 people or 5.7% are between 40 and 49, and 17 people or 16.0% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 23 people or 21.7% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 21 people or 19.8% are between 70 and 79, there are 15 people or 14.2% who are over 80.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.49 which is less people per room than the cantonal average of 0.6 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 62.5% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
Mortgage loan
A mortgage loan is a loan secured by real property through the use of a mortgage note which evidences the existence of the loan and the encumbrance of that realty through the granting of a mortgage which secures the loan...
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 48 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2 persons per household. there were 188 single family homes (or 94.5% of the total) out of a total of 199 inhabited buildings. There were 5 two family buildings (2.5%) and 5 multi-family buildings (2.5%). There were also 1 buildings in the municipality that were multipurpose buildings (used for both housing and commercial or another purpose).
The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 0%. there were 214 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was the 3 room apartment of which there were 69. There were 16 single room apartments and 43 apartments with five or more rooms. Of these apartments, a total of 48 apartments (22.4% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 164 apartments (76.6%) were seasonally occupied and 2 apartments (0.9%) were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 9.5 new units per 1000 residents.
The historical population is given in the following table:
| year | population |
|---|---|
| 1570 | 320 |
| 1745 | 424 |
| 1850 | 328 |
| 1900 | 244 |
| 1950 | 148 |
| 1960 | 95 |
| 1970 | 96 |
| 1980 | 107 |
| 1990 | 95 |
| 2000 | 98 |
Sights
The entire villaggio of Anzonico is designated as part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage SitesInventory of Swiss Heritage Sites
The Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites is part of a 1981 Ordinance of the Swiss Federal Council implementing the Federal Law on the Protection of Nature and Cultural Heritage.-Sites of national importance:-Types:...
Politics
In the 2007 federal electionSwiss federal election, 2007
Elections to the Swiss Federal Assembly, the federal parliament of Switzerland, were held on Sunday, 21 October 2007. In a few cantons, a second round of the elections to the Council of States was held on 11 November, 18 November, and 25 November 2007...
the most popular party was the FDP
FDP.The Liberals
FDP.The Liberals is a classical liberal political party in Switzerland. It is the joint-largest party in the Federal Council, third-largest party in the National Council, and second-largest in the Council of States....
which received 37.26% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP
Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland
The Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland is a Christian democratic political party in Switzerland. It is the fourth-largest party in the National Council, with 31 seats, and the largest in the Council of States, with 15 seats. It has one seat, that of Doris Leuthard, on the Swiss...
(33.15%), the SP
Social Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Social Democratic Party of Switzerland is the largest centre-left political party in Switzerland....
(20.55%) and the Ticino League
Ticino League
The Ticino League is an isolationist, national conservative political party in Switzerland active in the canton of Ticino.In 1991, after some public campaigning in the Sunday journal Mattino della Domenica against political power and use of public money, the editor Giuliano Bignasca and the...
(7.12%). In the federal election, a total of 47 votes were cast, and the voter turnout
Voter turnout
Voter turnout is the percentage of eligible voters who cast a ballot in an election . After increasing for many decades, there has been a trend of decreasing voter turnout in most established democracies since the 1960s...
was 55.3%.
In the Gran Consiglio election, there were a total of 86 registered voters in Anzonico, of which 64 or 74.4% voted. The most popular party was the PLRT
FDP.The Liberals
FDP.The Liberals is a classical liberal political party in Switzerland. It is the joint-largest party in the Federal Council, third-largest party in the National Council, and second-largest in the Council of States....
which received 22 or 34.4% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the PPD
Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland
The Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland is a Christian democratic political party in Switzerland. It is the fourth-largest party in the National Council, with 31 seats, and the largest in the Council of States, with 15 seats. It has one seat, that of Doris Leuthard, on the Swiss...
+GenGiova (with 18 or 28.1%), the PS
Social Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Social Democratic Party of Switzerland is the largest centre-left political party in Switzerland....
(with 13 or 20.3%) and the SSI (with 6 or 9.4%).
In the Consiglio di Stato election, 1 blank ballot was cast, leaving 63 valid ballots in the election. The most popular party was the PLRT which received 21 or 33.3% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the PPD (with 19 or 30.2%), the PS (with 12 or 19.0%) and the SSI (with 7 or 11.1%).
Economy
, Anzonico had an unemployment rate of 1.42%. , there were 16 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 6 businesses involved in this sector. 4 people were employed in the secondary sector and there was 1 business in this sector. 6 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 4 businesses in this sector. There were 40 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 45.0% of the workforce., there were no workers who commuted into the municipality and 25 workers who commuted away. Of the working population, 15% used public transportation to get to work, and 50% used a private car. , there were 2 hotels in Anzonico.
Religion
From the , 82 or 83.7% were Roman Catholic, while 4 or 4.1% belonged to the Swiss Reformed ChurchSwiss Reformed Church
The Reformed branch of Protestantism in Switzerland was started in Zürich by Huldrych Zwingli and spread within a few years to Basel , Bern , St...
. There are 9 individuals (or about 9.18% of the population) who belong to another church (not listed on the census), and 3 individuals (or about 3.06% of the population) did not answer the question.
Education
The entire Swiss population is generally well educated. In Anzonico about 55.4% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either University or a FachhochschuleFachhochschule
A Fachhochschule or University of Applied Sciences is a German type of tertiary education institution, sometimes specialized in certain topical areas . Fachhochschulen were founded in Germany and later adopted by Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Greece...
).
In Anzonico there were a total of 5 students . The Ticino education system
Education in Switzerland
The education system in Switzerland is very diverse, because the constitution of Switzerland delegates the authority for the school system mainly to the cantons...
provides up to three years of non-mandatory kindergarten
Kindergarten
A kindergarten is a preschool educational institution for children. The term was created by Friedrich Fröbel for the play and activity institute that he created in 1837 in Bad Blankenburg as a social experience for children for their transition from home to school...
and in Anzonico there were no children in kindergarten. The primary school program lasts for five years and includes both a standard school and a special school. In the municipality, 1 student attended the standard primary school and no students attended the special school. In the lower secondary school system, students either attend a two year middle school followed by a two year pre-apprenticeship or they attend a four year program to prepare for higher education. There were no students in the lower secondary program.
The upper secondary school includes several options, but at the end of the upper secondary program, a student will be prepared to enter a trade or to continue on to a university or college. In Ticino, vocational students may either attend school while working on their internship or apprenticeship (which takes three or four years) or may attend school followed by an internship or apprenticeship (which takes one year as a full-time student or one and a half to two years as a part-time student). There were 0 vocational students who were attending school full-time and 2 who attend part-time.
The professional program lasts three years and prepares a student for a job in engineering, nursing, computer science, business, tourism and similar fields. There were 2 students in the professional program.
, 7 residents attended schools outside the municipality.