Apex of urinary bladder
Encyclopedia
The apex of urinary bladder (vertex in older texts) is directed forward toward the upper part of the pubic symphysis
, and from it the middle umbilical ligament is continued upward on the back of the anterior abdominal wall to the umbilicus. The peritoneum
is carried by it from the vertex of the bladder on to the abdominal wall to form the middle umbilical fold.
Pubic symphysis
The pubic symphysis or symphysis pubis is the midline cartilaginous joint uniting the superior rami of the left and right pubic bones. It is located anterior to the urinary bladder and superior to the external genitalia; for females it is above the vulva and for males it is above the penis...
, and from it the middle umbilical ligament is continued upward on the back of the anterior abdominal wall to the umbilicus. The peritoneum
Peritoneum
The peritoneum is the serous membrane that forms the lining of the abdominal cavity or the coelom — it covers most of the intra-abdominal organs — in amniotes and some invertebrates...
is carried by it from the vertex of the bladder on to the abdominal wall to form the middle umbilical fold.