An appeal is a petition for review of a case that has been decided by a court of law. The petition is made to a higher court for the purpose of overturning the lower court's decision.
The specific procedures for appealing, including even whether there is a right of appeal from a particular type of decision, can vary greatly from country to country. The nature of an appeal can vary greatly depending on the type of case and the rules of the court in the jurisdiction

Jurisdiction

Jurisdiction is the practical authority granted to a formally constituted legal body or to a political leader to deal with and make pronouncements on legal matters and, by implication, to administer justice within a defined area of responsibility...

 were the case was prosecuted.