Arden Syntax
Encyclopedia
The Arden syntax is an artificial intelligence (AI) frame-based grammar
for representing and processing medical conditions and recommendations as "Medical Logic Modules (MLMs)", used in Medical algorithms.
Medical logic module
s are written in Arden syntax, and are called by a program - an event monitor - when the condition they are written to help with occurs. Arden syntax was formerly a standard under ASTM, and is now part of HL7.
The Regenstrief Institute, Inc. uses Arden Syntax MLMs in its CARE system to deliver reminders or hints to clinicians regarding patient treatment recommendations (e.g. the next clinic appointment, based on rules applied to the digitized notes and pertinent patient data stored in the system. Regenstrief Institute is an international non-profit medical research organization with one of the world's largest brain trusts of physician Medical Informaticians as well as Health Services Researchers. Additionally, LDS hospital
in Salt Lake City (HELP System...) has contributed much to this standard as well as body of knowledge.
Arden Syntax and its first applications were conceived and developed as the primary deliverables of a multimillion-dollar joint research and development (R&D) program between Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center (CPMC) in New York City and IBM Health Industry Marketing in Atlanta, Georgia from 1989-1993. IBM provided program funding, S/370 mainframe hardware, software, peripheral equipment, and other materials for the work, and program management oversight of the collaborative effort.
IBM's artificial intelligence product, KnowledgeTool, provided the original basis for MLM syntax representation and processing, as enhanced and applied by CPMC researchers Drs. James J. Cimino
, George Hripcsak, Steve Johnson, Carol Friedman, and others at CPMC, under the leadership of Dr. Paul D. Clayton. In a related effort under the same program, another prototype implementation of the syntax was developed by Peter Ludemann using Quintus Prolog. IBM program management and AI technology services were provided by Terry Rankin, Pete Smith, and Eddie Sanders.
The name, "Arden Syntax", was adopted from Arden House, located about 90 minutes north of Manhattan in Orange County, New York. Originally purchased by Edward Henry (E. H.) Harriman in 1885, the estate was given to Columbia University by his son William Averell Harriman in 1950 following its use by the Navy in World War II. The house and grounds became a National Historic Landmark in 1966, and it is now a conference center. During the five-year IBM/CPMC R&D program, conferences and working sessions were hosted and led by CPMC at Arden House and attended by medical informaticians from several leading universities and hospitals, IBM personnel, and others directly or indirectly involved in the program. The "Arden Syntax" name was chosen in recognition of important milestones achieved at Arden House in the development and refinement of the syntax and its implementation.
Frame language
A frame language is a metalanguage. It applies the frame concept to the structuring of language properties. Frame languages are usually software languages.-Description:...
for representing and processing medical conditions and recommendations as "Medical Logic Modules (MLMs)", used in Medical algorithms.
Medical logic module
Medical Logic Module
A medical logic module is an independent unit in a healthcare knowledge base that represents the knowledge published on a requirement for treating a patient according to a single medical decision....
s are written in Arden syntax, and are called by a program - an event monitor - when the condition they are written to help with occurs. Arden syntax was formerly a standard under ASTM, and is now part of HL7.
The Regenstrief Institute, Inc. uses Arden Syntax MLMs in its CARE system to deliver reminders or hints to clinicians regarding patient treatment recommendations (e.g. the next clinic appointment, based on rules applied to the digitized notes and pertinent patient data stored in the system. Regenstrief Institute is an international non-profit medical research organization with one of the world's largest brain trusts of physician Medical Informaticians as well as Health Services Researchers. Additionally, LDS hospital
Intermountain Medical Center
Intermountain Medical Center is the largest hospital in the Intermountain West and the new flagship of Intermountain Healthcare. Located in Murray, Utah on a site at the center of the Salt Lake Valley, Intermountain Medical Center serves as a major adult referral center for six surrounding states...
in Salt Lake City (HELP System...) has contributed much to this standard as well as body of knowledge.
Arden Syntax and its first applications were conceived and developed as the primary deliverables of a multimillion-dollar joint research and development (R&D) program between Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center (CPMC) in New York City and IBM Health Industry Marketing in Atlanta, Georgia from 1989-1993. IBM provided program funding, S/370 mainframe hardware, software, peripheral equipment, and other materials for the work, and program management oversight of the collaborative effort.
IBM's artificial intelligence product, KnowledgeTool, provided the original basis for MLM syntax representation and processing, as enhanced and applied by CPMC researchers Drs. James J. Cimino
James J. Cimino
James J. Cimino, MD, is a physician-scientist and biomedical informatician. He pioneered the theory and formalisms of medical concept representation underpinning the use of controlled medical vocabularies in electronic medical records in support of clinical decision-making...
, George Hripcsak, Steve Johnson, Carol Friedman, and others at CPMC, under the leadership of Dr. Paul D. Clayton. In a related effort under the same program, another prototype implementation of the syntax was developed by Peter Ludemann using Quintus Prolog. IBM program management and AI technology services were provided by Terry Rankin, Pete Smith, and Eddie Sanders.
The name, "Arden Syntax", was adopted from Arden House, located about 90 minutes north of Manhattan in Orange County, New York. Originally purchased by Edward Henry (E. H.) Harriman in 1885, the estate was given to Columbia University by his son William Averell Harriman in 1950 following its use by the Navy in World War II. The house and grounds became a National Historic Landmark in 1966, and it is now a conference center. During the five-year IBM/CPMC R&D program, conferences and working sessions were hosted and led by CPMC at Arden House and attended by medical informaticians from several leading universities and hospitals, IBM personnel, and others directly or indirectly involved in the program. The "Arden Syntax" name was chosen in recognition of important milestones achieved at Arden House in the development and refinement of the syntax and its implementation.