Ariophantidae is a taxonomic family

Family (biology)

In biological classification, family is* a taxonomic rank. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, genus, and species, with family fitting between order and genus. As for the other well-known ranks, there is the option of an immediately lower rank, indicated by the...

 of air-breathing land snail

Land snail

A land snail is any of the many species of snail that live on land, as opposed to those that live in salt water and fresh water. Land snails are terrestrial gastropod mollusks that have shells, It is not always an easy matter to say which species are terrestrial, because some are more or less...

s and semi-slug

Slug

Slug is a common name that is normally applied to any gastropod mollusc that lacks a shell, has a very reduced shell, or has a small internal shell...

s, terrestrial

Terrestrial animal

Terrestrial animals are animals that live predominantly or entirely on land , as compared with aquatic animals, which live predominantly or entirely in the water , or amphibians, which rely on a combination of aquatic and terrestrial habitats...

 pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicarionoidea

Helicarionoidea

Helicarionoidea is a superfamily of air-breathing land snails and semi-slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the limacoid clade.-Families:There are three families within the superfamily Helicarionoidea:* Helicarionidae* Ariophantidae...

 (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005

Taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005)

The taxonomy of the Gastropoda as it was revised by Philippe Bouchet and Jean-Pierre Rocroi is currently the most up-to-date overall system for classifying gastropod mollusks...

).

Distribution

Distribution of Ariophantidae include India and south-eastern Asia.

Anatomy

Snails within this family make and use love darts made of chitin

Chitin

Chitin n is a long-chain polymer of a N-acetylglucosamine, a derivative of glucose, and is found in many places throughout the natural world...

.

In this family, the number of haploid chromosome

Chromosome

A chromosome is an organized structure of DNA and protein found in cells. It is a single piece of coiled DNA containing many genes, regulatory elements and other nucleotide sequences. Chromosomes also contain DNA-bound proteins, which serve to package the DNA and control its functions.Chromosomes...

s lies between 21 and 25 and also lies between 31 and 35, but other values are also possible (according to the values in this table).

Taxonomy

The family Ariophantidae consists of 3 subfamilies (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005

Taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005)

The taxonomy of the Gastropoda as it was revised by Philippe Bouchet and Jean-Pierre Rocroi is currently the most up-to-date overall system for classifying gastropod mollusks...

):

• Ariophantinae Godwin-Austen, 1888 - synonyms: Naninidae Pfeffer, 1878 (inv.); Hemiplectinae Gude & B. B. Woodward, 1921
• Macrochlamydinae Godwin-Austen, 1888 - synonyms: Tanychlamydinae H. B. Baker, 1928; Vitrinulini Schileyko, 2003
• Ostracolethinae Simroth
  Heinrich Simroth
  Prof. Dr. phil. Heinrich Simroth, full name Heinrich Rudolf Simroth , was a German zoologist and malacologist. He was a professor of zoology in Leipzig....
  
  , 1901 - synonyms: Myotestidae Collinge, 1902; Parmarioninae Godwin-Austen, 1908; Laocaiini Schileyko, 2002; Microparmarionini Schileyko, 2003

Genera

Genera in the family Ariophantidae include:

Ariophantinae

• Ariophanta
  Ariophanta
  Ariophanta is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Ariophantidae. The shell is sinistral or left-handed in its coiling.This is a monotypic genus.- Species :...
  
  Desmoulins, 1829 - type genus
  Type genus
  In biological classification, a type genus is a representative genus, as with regard to a biological family. The term and concept is used much more often and much more formally in zoology than it is in botany, and the definition is dependent on the nomenclatural Code that applies:* In zoological...
  
   of the family Ariophantidae
• Hemiplecta Albers, 1850

Macrochlamydinae

• Macrochlamys
  Macrochlamys
  Macrochlamys is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Ariophantidae.Macrochlamys is the type genus of the subfamily Macrochlamydinae.-Species :...
  
  Gray, 1847 - type genus of the subfamily Macrochlamydinae
• Tanychlamys Benson, 1834
• Vitrinula
  Vitrinula
  Vitrinula is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Ariophantidae. Vitrinula is the type genus of the Vitrinulini, that is a synonym of Macrochlamydinae.- Species :...
  
  Gray, 1857

Ostracolethinae

• Laocaia Kuzminykh, 1999
• Microparmarion Simroth, 1893
• Myotesta Collinge, 1901
• Ostracolethe Simroth, 1901 - type genus of the subfamily Ostracolethinae
• Parmarion
  Parmarion
  Parmarion is a genus of air-breathing land semi-slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Ariophantidae. Parmarion is the type genus of the Parmarioninae, that is a synonym of Ostracolethinae....
  
  P. Fischer, 1855

unsorted:

• Cryptozona Moerch, 1872
• Euplecta Semper, 1870
• Mariaella
  Mariaella
  Mariaella is a genus of air-breathing land slugs, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Ariophantidae.Species from Mariaella genus are also pests on vanilla.- Species :Species in the genus Mariaella include:...
  
  Gray, 1855
• Indrella Godwin-Austen, 1901
• Ratnadvipia Godwin-Austen, 1899 - endemic to Sri Lanka
• Kalidos
  Kalidos
  Kalidos is a genus of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Ariophantidae.This genus occurs in Madagascar.- Species :Species within the genus Kalidos include:* Kalidos aequivocus...
  
  Gude, 1911

Cladogram

The following cladogram

Cladogram

A cladogram is a diagram used in cladistics which shows ancestral relations between organisms, to represent the evolutionary tree of life. Although traditionally such cladograms were generated largely on the basis of morphological characters, DNA and RNA sequencing data and computational...

 shows the phylogenic relationships of this family with other families in the limacoid clade

Limacoid clade

The limacoid clade is a taxonomic clade of air-breathing land snails, semislugs and slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the informal group Sigmurethra.- Distribution :...

:

Further reading

• Schileyko A. A. (2003). "Treatise on recent terrestrial pulmonate mollusks. 10. Ariophantidae, Ostracolethaidae, Ryssotidae, Milacidae, Dyakiidae, Staffordiidae, Gastrodontidae, Zonitidae, Daudebardiidae, Parmacellidae". Ruthenica, Supplement 2. 1309-1466.