Arnold Dumey
Encyclopedia
Arnold I. Dumey http://nytimes.com/1995/06/22/obituaries/arnold-i-dumey-88-long-a-leading-cryptographer-for-the-us.html was the co-inventor of the postal sorting machine and cryptanalyst first for SIS
Sis
- Places :* Sis * Sis, Armenia, a town* Sis, Azerbaijan, a village* Sis, Iran, a city* Kozan, Adana, Sis in Armenian* Mountains of Sis, a range of the Pre-Pyrenees- Other :...

 and then NSA. During WWII he worked for the Army Signal Corps and at Arlington Hall, headquarters of the US Army's Signal Intelligence Service (SIS) cryptography, under William and Elizabeth Friedman on breaking the German and Japanese codes. Dumey was also the inventor of Hashing
Hash function
A hash function is any algorithm or subroutine that maps large data sets to smaller data sets, called keys. For example, a single integer can serve as an index to an array...

. He published the first hashing paper in 1956.

Later, as a consultant, he co-invented the postal sorter and wrote the code that is used on the front of all USPS envelopes and packages in order to facilitate delivery. In addition, he developed the first system to charge theater tickets to a credit card over the phone for the League of NY Theaters.

The "Dumey microsecond" is a term of art in the intelligence community of the United States where Dumey spent much of his career. The Dumey Microsecond was a crucial event that Arnold claimed was common to all projects: It is that microsecond during which you can impact the flow of, or design of, a project. Before this microsecond, it is too early. After, it is too late to have an impact.

Through the early 1970s, Dumey, then working for the Institute for Defense Analysis in Princeton, was the longest-serving member in the history of the NSA scientific advisory board.
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