Arsenal (Vienna)
Encyclopedia
Vienna
Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
in the third district
Landstraße
Landstraße is the 3rd municipal District of Vienna, Austria] . It is near the center of Vienna and was established in the 19th century. Landstraße is a heavily populated urban area with many workers and residential homes. It has inhabitants in an area of 7.42 km². It has existed since...
.
Several brick buildings in a rectangle layout make up the complex which is located on a bank south of the Landstraßer Gürtel
Gürtel, Vienna
The Gürtel is a substantial city ring road of Vienna. Running parallel to the famous Ringstraße it encompasses the inner city districts .The road is officially called B 221 Wiener Gürtel Straße...
. It is the most distinguished building group of the romantic historism in Vienna and has been constructed in Italian-medieval respectively Byzantine-islamic style. Essentially the complex is still preserved in its original form, merely a few workshop buildings within the courtyard were replaced.
Military history
The complex was built on the occasion of the March Revolution 1848Revolutions of 1848 in the German states
The Revolutions of 1848 in the German states, also called the March Revolution – part of the Revolutions of 1848 that broke out in many countries of Europe – were a series of loosely coordinated protests and rebellions in the states of the German Confederation, including the Austrian Empire...
between 1848–1856 and was the first of three buildings which replaced the old city fortification. The area was split into sectors to cover with buildings by the architects Carl Rösner, Antonius Pius de Riegel, August Sicard von Sicardsburg, Eduard van der Nüll, Theophil von Hansen
Theophil Freiherr von Hansen
Baron Theophil Edvard von Hansen was a Danish architect who later became an Austrian citizen...
and Ludwig Förster
Ludwig Förster
Ludwig Christian Friedrich Förster was a German-born Austrian architect.Ludwig Förster studied in Munich and Vienna. He founded the Allgemeine Bauzeitung in 1836...
. Master builder was Leopold Mayr. The Heeresgeschichtliche Museum
Heeresgeschichtliches Museum
The Heeresgeschichtliches Museum is a military history museum located in Vienna, Austria. It claims to be the oldest and largest purpose-built military history museum in the world...
took until 1891 to finish. In the aftermath there were multiple expansions. During First World War the complex served as barracks and armoury.
The Arsenal was not always part of the Third District, from its construction until 1938 it belonged to Favoriten
Favoriten
Favoriten, the 10th district of Vienna, Austria , is located south of the central districts. It is south of Innere Stadt, Wieden and Margareten...
. While Vienna was rearranged to form the new Reichsgau
Reichsgau
A Reichsgau was an administrative subdivision created in a number of the areas annexed to Nazi Germany between 1938 and 1945...
in Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany , also known as the Third Reich , but officially called German Reich from 1933 to 1943 and Greater German Reich from 26 June 1943 onward, is the name commonly used to refer to the state of Germany from 1933 to 1945, when it was a totalitarian dictatorship ruled by...
, inner city borders were reassigned and the Arsenal as well as the area south of it became part of Landstraße
Landstraße
Landstraße is the 3rd municipal District of Vienna, Austria] . It is near the center of Vienna and was established in the 19th century. Landstraße is a heavily populated urban area with many workers and residential homes. It has inhabitants in an area of 7.42 km². It has existed since...
.
1945 the Arsenal was heavily damaged by bombing, however after the war most it was rebuilt into its original form. In the following years, several new constructions primarily in the south were undertaken, such as the workshops for the State Theatres (1959 until 1963) and the rehearsal stage for the Burgtheater
Burgtheater
The Burgtheater , originally known as K.K. Theater an der Burg, then until 1918 as the K.K. Hofburgtheater, is the Austrian National Theatre in Vienna and one of the most important German language theatres in the world.The Burgtheater was created in 1741 and has become known as "die Burg" by the...
in the 1990s. From 1961 until 1963 the Fernmeldezentralamt and 1973 buildings for the Post- und Telegraphendirektion für Wien, Niederösterreich und das Burgenland (mail and telegraph authority for Vienna, Lower Austria
Lower Austria
Lower Austria is the northeasternmost state of the nine states in Austria. The capital of Lower Austria since 1986 is Sankt Pölten, the most recently designated capital town in Austria. The capital of Lower Austria had formerly been Vienna, even though Vienna is not officially part of Lower Austria...
and Burgenland
Burgenland
Burgenland is the easternmost and least populous state or Land of Austria. It consists of two Statutarstädte and seven districts with in total 171 municipalities. It is 166 km long from north to south but much narrower from west to east...
), today the Technologiezentrum Arsenal (technology centre Arsenal) of the Telekom Austria
Telekom Austria
Telekom Austria is a provider of a range of fixed line, mobile, data, and Internet communications services. The company has a 100 per cent share in telecommunications provider A1 Telekom Austria....
) with the 150 metre high Funkturm Arsenal.
The Österreichische Forschungs- und Prüfzentrum Arsenal (Austrian research and test-centre Arsenal), today Arsenal Research, was located in the complex. A small part of the complex is still being used by the Austrian army
Military of Austria
The Österreichisches Bundesheer , is the name for the military of the Republic of Austria....
as a barracks. Furthermore the Zentraldesinfektionsanstalt (central disinfection authority) of Vienna
Vienna
Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
is located there.
Part of the Arsenal now contains housing.
Testing facility
This facility contains a two climatic wind tunnel
Wind tunnel
A wind tunnel is a research tool used in aerodynamic research to study the effects of air moving past solid objects.-Theory of operation:Wind tunnels were first proposed as a means of studying vehicles in free flight...
s capable of simulating all combinations of weather
Weather
Weather is the state of the atmosphere, to the degree that it is hot or cold, wet or dry, calm or stormy, clear or cloudy. Most weather phenomena occur in the troposphere, just below the stratosphere. Weather refers, generally, to day-to-day temperature and precipitation activity, whereas climate...
by varying temperature, air pressure, humidity and wind-speed. The long wind tunnel allows testing up to three railway vehicles at once and has an operation length of 100 metres. The short wind tunnel allows testing of single vehicles or buses.
External links
- Arsenal Research
- RTA Rail Tec Arsenal Fahrzeugversuchsanlage Operator of the wind tunnel
- Heeresgeschichtliches Museum (military museum)