Arsenite minerals
Encyclopedia
Arsenite minerals are very rare oxygen-bearing arsenic
mineral
s. Classical world localities where such minerals occur include the complex skarn
manganese
deposit at Långban
(Sweden
) and the polymetallic Tsumeb
deposit (Namibia
). The most often reported arsenite
anion in minerals is the AsO33- anion, present for example in reinerite
Zn3(AsO3)2. Unique diarsenite anions occur i. e. in leiteite Zn[As2O4] and paulmooreite Pb[As2O5]. More complex arsenites include schneiderhöhnite Fe2+Fe3+3[As5O13] and ludlockite PbFe3+4As10O22.
-CNMNC proposes a new hierarchical scheme (Mills et al., 2009). This list uses it to modify the Classification of Nickel–Strunz
(10 ed, pending publication).
Arsenic
Arsenic is a chemical element with the symbol As, atomic number 33 and relative atomic mass 74.92. Arsenic occurs in many minerals, usually in conjunction with sulfur and metals, and also as a pure elemental crystal. It was first documented by Albertus Magnus in 1250.Arsenic is a metalloid...
mineral
Mineral
A mineral is a naturally occurring solid chemical substance formed through biogeochemical processes, having characteristic chemical composition, highly ordered atomic structure, and specific physical properties. By comparison, a rock is an aggregate of minerals and/or mineraloids and does not...
s. Classical world localities where such minerals occur include the complex skarn
Skarn
Skarn is an old Swedish mining term originally used to describe a type of silicate gangue, or waste rock, associated with iron-ore bearing sulfide deposits apparently replacing Archean age limestones in Sweden's Persberg mining district. In modern usage the term "skarn" has been expanded to refer...
manganese
Manganese
Manganese is a chemical element, designated by the symbol Mn. It has the atomic number 25. It is found as a free element in nature , and in many minerals...
deposit at Långban
Långban
Långban is a mining area in Värmland in Sweden. It belongs to Filipstad Municipality, with the nearest city being Filipstad, 21 km south. It was systematically mined through 1711-1972, but has traces from the 15th century. It is the birthplace of Swedish-American inventor John EricssonIt has...
(Sweden
Sweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
) and the polymetallic Tsumeb
Tsumeb
Tsumeb is a city of 15,000 inhabitants and the largest town in Oshikoto region in northern Namibia. Tsumeb is the home of the world-famous Tsumeb mine, and the "gateway to the north" of Namibia. It is the closest town to the Etosha National Park...
deposit (Namibia
Namibia
Namibia, officially the Republic of Namibia , is a country in southern Africa whose western border is the Atlantic Ocean. It shares land borders with Angola and Zambia to the north, Botswana to the east and South Africa to the south and east. It gained independence from South Africa on 21 March...
). The most often reported arsenite
Arsenite
In chemistry an arsenite is a chemical compound containing an arsenic oxoanion where arsenic has oxidation state +3.The different forms of the anion are the next ones:* ortho-arsenite: AsO33-* meta-arsenite: AsO2-...
anion in minerals is the AsO33- anion, present for example in reinerite
Reinerite
Reinerite is a rare arsenite mineral with chemical formula Zn32. It crystallizes in the orthorhombic crystal system.-Physical properties:...
Zn3(AsO3)2. Unique diarsenite anions occur i. e. in leiteite Zn[As2O4] and paulmooreite Pb[As2O5]. More complex arsenites include schneiderhöhnite Fe2+Fe3+3[As5O13] and ludlockite PbFe3+4As10O22.
Nickel–Strunz Classification -04- Oxides
IMAInternational Mineralogical Association
The International Mineralogical Association is an international group of 38 national societies. The goal is to promote the science of mineralogy and to standardize the nomenclature of the 4000 plus known mineral species...
-CNMNC proposes a new hierarchical scheme (Mills et al., 2009). This list uses it to modify the Classification of Nickel–Strunz
Strunz classification
Nickel–Strunz classification is a scheme for categorizing minerals based upon their chemical composition, introduced by German mineralogist Karl Hugo Strunz in his 1941 Mineralogische Tabellen. The 4th edition was edited by Christel Tennyson too . It was followed by A.S...
(10 ed, pending publication).
- Abbreviations:
- "*" - IMA/CNMNC status: discredited.
- "?" - IMA/CNMNC status: questionable/doubtful.
- "REE" - Rare-earth elementRare earth elementAs defined by IUPAC, rare earth elements or rare earth metals are a set of seventeen chemical elements in the periodic table, specifically the fifteen lanthanides plus scandium and yttrium...
(Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu) - "PGE" - Platinum-group elementPlatinum groupThe platinum group metals is a term used sometimes to collectively refer to six metallic elements clustered together in the periodic table.These elements are all transition metals, lying in the d-block .The six...
(Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt) - 03.C Aluminofluorides, 06 Borates, 08 Vanadates (04.H V[5,6] Vanadates), 09 Silicates:
- Neso: insular (from GreekGreek languageGreek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...
νησος nēsos, island) - Soro: grouping (from Greek σωροῦ sōros, heap, mound (especially of corn))
- Cyclo: ring
- Ino: chain (from Greek ις [genitive: ινος inos], fibre)
- Phyllo: sheet (from Greek φύλλον phyllon, leaf)
- Tekto: three-dimensional framework
- Neso: insular (from Greek
- Nickel–Strunz code scheme: NN.XY.##x
- NN: Nickel–Strunz mineral class number
- X: Nickel–Strunz mineral division letter
- Y: Nickel–Strunz mineral family letter
## x: Nickel–Strunz mineral/group number, x add-on letter
Class: arsenites
- 04.J Arsenites, Antimonites, Bismuthites, Sulfites
- 04.JA Arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites; without additional anions, without H2O: 05 Leiteite, 10 ReineriteReineriteReinerite is a rare arsenite mineral with chemical formula Zn32. It crystallizes in the orthorhombic crystal system.-Physical properties:...
, 15 Karibibite; 20 Schafarzikite, 20 Trippkeite, 20 Kusachiite; 25 Apuanite, 30 Versiliaite, 35 Schneiderhohnite, 40 ZimbabweiteZimbabweiteZimbabweite is a mineral; formula 2PbAs44O18. It is generally classed as an arsenite but is notable for also containing niobium and tantalum. A yellow brown mineral with orthorhombic crystal habit and a hardness of 5. It was discovered in 1986 in kaolinized pegmatite, i.e. weathered to clay, in...
; 45 Ludlockite, 45 Ludlockite-(Pb)*; 50 Paulmooreite, 55 Stibivanite, 60 Chadwickite - 04.JB Arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites; with additional anions, without H2O: 05 Fetiasite, 10 Manganarsite, 15 Magnussonite, 20 Armangite, 25 Nanlingite, 30 Asbecasite, 35 Stenhuggarite, 40 Trigonite, 45 Finnemanite, 50 Gebhardite; 55 Derbylite, 55 Graeserite, 55 Tomichite; 60 Hemloite, 65 Freedite, 70 Georgiadesite, 75 Ekatite
- 04.JC Arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites; without additional anions, with H2O: 05 CafarsiteCafarsiteCafarsite is a rare calcium iron arsenite mineral. Manganese and titanium occur with iron in the formula....
, 10 Lazarenkoite, 15 Rouseite, 20 Vajdakite - 04.JD Arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites; with additional anions, with H2O: 05 Nealite, 05 Nealite-(H2O)*; 10 Seelite-1, 10 Seelite-2; 15 Tooeleite
- 04.JE Sulfites: 05 Gravegliaite, 10 Hannebachite, 15 Orschallite, 20 Scotlandite
- 04.JF Selenites without additional anions, without H2O: 05 Molybdomenite
- 04.JG Selenites with additional anions, without H2O: Prewittite; 05 Parageorgbokiite, 05 Georgbokiite; 10 Chloromenite, 15 Sophiite, 20 Ilinskite, 25 Francisite, 30 Derriksite, 35 Burnsite, 40 Allochalcoselite
- 04.JH Selenites without additional anions, with H2O: 05 Chalcomenite; 10 AhlfelditeAhlfelditeAhlfeldite is a mineral of secondary origin, found in Bolivia....
, 10 Clinochalcomenite, 10 Cobaltomenite; 15 Mandarinoite, 20 Orlandiite, 25 Larisaite - 04.JJ Selenites with additional anions, with H2O: 05 MarthoziteMarthoziteMarthozite is an orthorhombic mineral that has a general formula of Cu332·7H2O. It was named after French mineralogist Aime Marthoz, former Director-general of the Union Miniere du Haut Katanga....
, 10 Guilleminite, 15 Piretite, 20 Demesmaekerite, 25 Haynesite - 04.JK Tellurites without additional anions, without H2O: 05 WalforditeWalforditeWalfordite is a mineral species of tellurite that was discovered in Chile in 1999. The mineral is described as orange with orange-yellow streak, and is determined to have an approximate chemical formula of 3O8....
, 05 Winstanleyite, 10 Spiroffite, 10 Zincospiroffite, 15 Balyakinite, 20 Rajite, 25 Carlfriesite, 30 Denningite, 35 Chekhovichite, 40 Smirnite, 45 Choloalite, 50 Fairbankite, 55 Plumbotellurite, 60 Magnolite, 65 Moctezumite, 70 Schmitterite, 75 Cliffordite - 04.JL Tellurites with additional anions, without H2O: 05 Rodalquilarite, 10 Mackayite, 15 Mroseite, 20 Pingguite, 25 Tlapallite, 30 Girdite
- 04.JM Tellurites without additional anions, with H2O: 05 Keystoneite, 05 Kinichilite, 05 ZemanniteZemanniteZemannite is a very rare oxide mineral with the chemical formula Mg0.5ZnFe3+[TeO3]3·4.5H2O. It crystallizes in the hexagonal crystal system and forms small prismatic brown crystals...
, 10 EmmonsiteEmmonsiteEmmonsite, also known as durdenite, is a mineral with the formula:Fe23·2.Emmonsite forms triclinic crystals. It is of a yellowish-green color, with a vitreous lustre, and a hardness of 5 on the Moh scale. It was named for the American geologist, Samuel Franklin Emmons, , of the United States...
, 15 Graemite, 20 Teineite - 04.JN Tellurites with additional anions, with H2O: 05 Sonoraite, 10 Poughite; 15 CesbroniteCesbroniteCesbronite is a copper tellurite mineral with the chemical formula Cu526·2. It is colored green. Its crystals are orthorhombic dipyramidal. It has brittle fracture. Cesbronite is rated 3 on the Mohs Scale....
, 15 Cesbronite-x; 20 Eztlite, 25 Oboyerite, 30 Juabite
- 04.JA Arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites; without additional anions, without H2O: 05 Leiteite, 10 Reinerite
- 04.K Iodates
- 04.KA Iodates without additional anions, without H2O: 05 Lautarite
- 04.KB Iodates with additional anions, without H2O: 05 Salesite, 10 Schwartzembergite, 15 SeeligeriteSeeligeriteSeeligerite is a rare complex lead chlorate iodate mineral with formula: Pb3Cl3O. It is a yellow mineral crystallizing in the orthorhombic system. It has perfect to good cleavage in two directions and a quite high specific gravity of 6.83 due to the lead content...
- 04.KC Iodates without additional anions, with H2O: 05 Bellingerite, 10 Bruggenite
- 04.KD Iodates with additional anions, with H2O: 05 Dietzeite, 10 George-ericksenite
- 04.X Unclassified Strunz Oxides (Arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
- 04.XX Unknown: 00 Methane hydrate-I, 00 Methane hydrate-II, 00 Methane hydrate-H