Artur Azevedo
Encyclopedia
Artur Nabantino Gonçalves de Azevedo (7 July 1855 — 22 October 1908) was a Brazil
ian playwright, short story writer, chronicler, journalist and Parnassian poet. He is famous for consolidating in Brazil the "comedy of customs" genre, initiated by Martins Pena
.
He founded and occupied the 29th chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters
from 1897 until his death in 1908.
, in Maranhão
, to the Portuguese vice-consul in Brazil David Gonçalves de Azevedo and Emília Amália Pinto de Magalhães. He was the older brother of Naturalist
novelist Aluísio Azevedo
, famous for writing O Mulato
, O Cortiço
and Casa de Pensão.
Azevedo would show a love for theatre since he was a child. Initially working as a salesman, he later got a job at the provincial administration, but was fired for writing satire
s against the government. He later found a job as an amanuensis
in the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture
.
Later beginning a promissory career as a journalist, he worked for the newspapers A Estação, where he met Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis
, and Novidades, where he met Alcindo Guanabara, Moreira Sampaio, Olavo Bilac
and Coelho Neto
.
He died in 1908.
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
ian playwright, short story writer, chronicler, journalist and Parnassian poet. He is famous for consolidating in Brazil the "comedy of customs" genre, initiated by Martins Pena
Martins Pena
Luís Carlos Martins Pena was a Brazilian playwright, famous for introducing to Brazil the "comedy of customs", winning the epithet of "the Brazilian Molière"....
.
He founded and occupied the 29th chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters
Academia Brasileira de Letras
Academia Brasileira de Letras is a Brazilian literary non-profit society established at the end of the 19th century by a group of 40 writers and poets inspired by the Académie Française. The first president, Machado de Assis, declared its foundation on December 15, 1896, with the statutes being...
from 1897 until his death in 1908.
Life
Azevedo was born in the city of São LuísSão Luís, Maranhão
São Luís is the capital and largest city of the Brazilian state of Maranhão. The city is located on Ilha de São Luís in the Baía de São Marcos , an extension of the Atlantic Ocean which forms the estuary of Pindaré, Mearim, Itapecuru and other rivers. Its coordinates are 2.53° south, 44.30° west...
, in Maranhão
Maranhão
Maranhão is a northeastern state of Brazil. To the north lies the Atlantic Ocean. Maranhão is neighbored by the states of Piauí, Tocantins and Pará. The people of Maranhão have a distinctive accent...
, to the Portuguese vice-consul in Brazil David Gonçalves de Azevedo and Emília Amália Pinto de Magalhães. He was the older brother of Naturalist
Naturalism (literature)
Naturalism was a literary movement taking place from the 1880s to 1940s that used detailed realism to suggest that social conditions, heredity, and environment had inescapable force in shaping human character...
novelist Aluísio Azevedo
Aluísio Azevedo
Aluísio Tancredo Gonçalves de Azevedo was a Brazilian novelist, caricaturist, diplomat, playwright and short story writer. Initially a Romantic writer, he would later adhere to the Naturalist movement...
, famous for writing O Mulato
O Mulato
O Mulato is a novel written by the Brazilian writer Aluísio de Azevedo. It was first published in 1881....
, O Cortiço
O Cortiço
O Cortiço is an influential Brazilian novel written in 1890 by Aluísio Azevedo. The novel depicts a part of Brazil's culture in the late Nineteenth century, represented by a variety of colorful characters living in a single Rio de Janeiro slum.Azevedo's The Slum tells the stories of Portuguese and...
and Casa de Pensão.
Azevedo would show a love for theatre since he was a child. Initially working as a salesman, he later got a job at the provincial administration, but was fired for writing satire
Satire
Satire is primarily a literary genre or form, although in practice it can also be found in the graphic and performing arts. In satire, vices, follies, abuses, and shortcomings are held up to ridicule, ideally with the intent of shaming individuals, and society itself, into improvement...
s against the government. He later found a job as an amanuensis
Amanuensis
Amanuensis is a Latin word adopted in various languages, including English, for certain persons performing a function by hand, either writing down the words of another or performing manual labour...
in the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture
Ministry of Agriculture (Brazil)
The Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply is a federal government department in Brazil.-Agroenergy:...
.
Later beginning a promissory career as a journalist, he worked for the newspapers A Estação, where he met Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis
Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis
Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis , often known as Machado de Assis, Machado, or Bruxo do Cosme Velho , was a Brazilian novelist, poet, playwright and short story writer. He is widely regarded as the greatest writer of Brazilian literature, but he did not gain widespread popularity outside Brazil in...
, and Novidades, where he met Alcindo Guanabara, Moreira Sampaio, Olavo Bilac
Olavo Bilac
Olavo Brás Martins dos Guimarães Bilac was a Brazilian Parnassian poet, journalist and translator. Alongside Alberto de Oliveira and Raimundo Correia, he was a member of the "Parnassian Triad"...
and Coelho Neto
Coelho Neto
Henrique Maximiano Coelho Neto was a Brazilian writer and politician...
.
He died in 1908.
Short story collections
- Contos Possíveis (1889)
- Contos Fora de Moda (1894)
- Contos Efêmeros (1897)
- Contos em Verso (1898)
Theatre plays
- Amor por Anexins (1872)
- A Filha de Maria Angu (1876)
- Uma Véspera de Reis (1876)
- Joia (1879)
- O Anjo da Vingança (1882 — in partnership with Urbano Duarte de Oliveira)
- O Escravocrata (1884 — in partnership with Urbano Duarte de Oliveira)
- Almanjarra (1888)
- Fritzmack (1889 — in partnership with Aluísio AzevedoAluísio AzevedoAluísio Tancredo Gonçalves de Azevedo was a Brazilian novelist, caricaturist, diplomat, playwright and short story writer. Initially a Romantic writer, he would later adhere to the Naturalist movement...
) - A Capital FederalA Capital FederalA Capital Federal is an operetta whose text was written by the Brazilian writer Artur de Azevedo and co-written by José Gabriel de Toledo Piza. It was first published in 1897, the same year of its premiere...
(1897) - O Badejo (1898)
- Confidências (1898)
- O Jagunço (1898)
- Comeu! (1901)
- O Retrato a Óleo (1902)
- O Dote (1907)