Aschach an der Donau
Encyclopedia
Aschach an der Donau is a municipality in the district Eferding
in the region Hausruckviertel
with a population of 2,188 (as of January 1, 2011) in Upper Austria
, Austria
. The Judicial Circuit is Eferding
.
.
Aschach expands 4.1 km (2.5 mi) from north to south, 7.7 km (4.8 mi) from east to west. The total area is 6 km² (2.3 mi²). 1.8% of the area is forested.
Quarters are: Aschach an der Donau (center), Ruprechting, Sommerberg.
The colors of the banner are red, white and green.
The motif indicates due to climatic advantages in the early Middle Ages
operated winery, which was mentioned in the Stiftbrief for Kremsmünster
in the year 777 and was maintained in the area around Aschach in some vineyards until after 1870.
White-red are the colors of the banner of arms of the Counts of Schauberg, who until 1559 held government and a major toll in Aschach.
, Aschach was originally part of the eastern part of the Duchy of Bavaria
and belonged to the Duchy of Austria up to the 12th Century.
1490 Aschach was attributed to the Principality of Österreich ob der Enns, and received the market rights and Coat of arms in 1512 by Emperor Maximilian
. During the Napoleonic wars
the town was occupied several times. Since 1918, the town belongs to the state of Upper Austria. After the annexation of Austria to the German Reich March 13, 1938 the town belonged to Gau Oberdonau. After 1945 followed the restoration of Upper Austria.
Marcus Aurelius Antoninus
, nicknamed Caracalla
, reigned from 211-217.
1838 during excavations in Schlögen
extensive wall remains of a Roman fort were found. Therefore by the middle of this century it was assumed that Schlögen was Joviacum as referred to in the Directory of Roman legions. After excavations in the years 1957-1959 by Dr. Lothar Eckhart proved: Schlögen cannot be Joviacum. Eckhart associates the Militum Liburnariorum, a sort of Marines of the Italian Legion
, with Aschach, the mounted military units Ad Mauros with Eferding. Other than strategic reasons speak for that Aschach is Joviacum the St. Laurentius-patronage of the chapel at the cemetery, the evidence of a Roman square floor plan and the finding of street pavement stones and cart ruts (Limes road?) In the Abelstraße.
Since Aschach is Joviacum, this brings us into the closest connection with the most amazing sources of departing Antiquity
with the "Life of St. Serverin" of the abbot Eugippius
. St. Severin appeared in Noricum
, a time when the Roman rule came to an end. As a monk and miracle worker, he resisted the Germanic princes, who were sitting with their tribes on both sides of the Danube. In the deserted Roman settlements, he persuaded the defenseless poor Roman people to a Christian lifestyle. When the circumstances had become untenable, he predicted them the imminent defeat of their place and ordered the evacuation of the area. So also for Aschach (Joviacum). We read in the Vita Sancti Severini Eugippii:
"... the servant of God sent the church singer Moderatus to the inhabitants of a city called Joviacum which was more than 20 miles away from Batavis, who should ask there an immediate escape from the vulnerable city. Also here the well-meant advice was not heard so that the saint sent off a courier again, who should at least prompt the church leader Maximianus of Joviacum to leave the village. When also this messenger was not believed, he left the city quickly. Still in the same night the Heruli
invaded Joviacum, destroyed the settlement and led most of the inhabitants into slavery. The priest they hung on the gallows
."
The details of the Vita is deemed reliable, earlier doubts are resolved by more recent research. Thus, under stipulation of the assumption of the accuracy that Aschach is Joviacum it is testified that the Late Antiquity martyr is MAXIMIANUS of Aschach.
(This text is based on an article by Werner Promintzer in the program guide "1200 years Aschach 777-1977")
Bavaria
experienced it's climax and conclusion at the same time. The Agilolfinger, Burgundian
and Frankish
origin, often closely related to the southern neighboring tribe of the Lombards
, fell into the maelstrom and the corruption of the Frankish
expansion. Odilo
, son of Tassilo III, defeated in 772 the Slavs
of Carinthia
, in the same year in which Charles the Great, his brother and cousin, the great Saxon War
began. In 765 Tassilo the Lombard had married Princess Liutperga
. Her son Theodo was anointed king like by the pope. After the victory over the Slavs when the inclusion of Carantanes in the Bavarian culture began, he founded on the border of the Alps Slavic tribes the Innichen Monastery in Puster Valley and the Münster an der Krems. He generously furnished both for their tasks. In 777 he gifted the vineyards in Aschach to the Kremsmünster Abbey
at the founding.
).
During the power plant construction the railway was extended through Aschach to the power plant (then dismantled).
In 1962 the ferry ("Flying Bridge") was replaced by the bridge farther down the river and thus the region Mühlviertel and the central region connected to one another.
Bus lines operate scheduled bus service between neighboring cities among which are Wels, Linz, and Passau in Bavaria.
Eferding (district)
Bezirk Eferding is a district of the state ofUpper Austria in Austria.- Municipalities :Towns are indicated in boldface; market towns in italics; suburbs, hamlets and other subdivisions of a municipality are indicated in small characters.*Alkoven*Aschach an der Donau*Eferding*Fraham*Haibach ob der...
in the region Hausruckviertel
Hausruckviertel
The Hausruckviertel is an Austrian region belonging to the state of Upper Austria: it is one of four "quarters" of Upper Austria the others being Traunviertel, Mühlviertel, and Innviertel...
with a population of 2,188 (as of January 1, 2011) in Upper Austria
Upper Austria
Upper Austria is one of the nine states or Bundesländer of Austria. Its capital is Linz. Upper Austria borders on Germany and the Czech Republic, as well as on the other Austrian states of Lower Austria, Styria, and Salzburg...
, Austria
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
. The Judicial Circuit is Eferding
Eferding
Eferding is a city and the capital of the Eferding district in the Austrian federal state of Upper Austria. It had a population of 3,393 as of the 2001 census.-Geography:...
.
Geography
The municipality Aschach lies in the Danube Valley, on the edge of the Eferding Basin, 268 m above sea level in the province HausruckviertelHausruckviertel
The Hausruckviertel is an Austrian region belonging to the state of Upper Austria: it is one of four "quarters" of Upper Austria the others being Traunviertel, Mühlviertel, and Innviertel...
.
Aschach expands 4.1 km (2.5 mi) from north to south, 7.7 km (4.8 mi) from east to west. The total area is 6 km² (2.3 mi²). 1.8% of the area is forested.
Quarters are: Aschach an der Donau (center), Ruprechting, Sommerberg.
Coat of arms
Silver and red, covered by two natural colored, twisted grapevines with a blue grape to the left, a green grape to the right and a green leaf in each half.The colors of the banner are red, white and green.
The motif indicates due to climatic advantages in the early Middle Ages
Middle Ages
The Middle Ages is a periodization of European history from the 5th century to the 15th century. The Middle Ages follows the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 and precedes the Early Modern Era. It is the middle period of a three-period division of Western history: Classic, Medieval and Modern...
operated winery, which was mentioned in the Stiftbrief for Kremsmünster
Kremsmünster
Kremsmünster is a town in Kirchdorf an der Krems , in Upper Austria, Austria. Its population is 6,450, as of 2001. Settled in 777, it is home to the Kremsmünster Abbey....
in the year 777 and was maintained in the area around Aschach in some vineyards until after 1870.
White-red are the colors of the banner of arms of the Counts of Schauberg, who until 1559 held government and a major toll in Aschach.
History
First mentioned in the year 777 at the founding of the monastery KremsmünsterKremsmünster
Kremsmünster is a town in Kirchdorf an der Krems , in Upper Austria, Austria. Its population is 6,450, as of 2001. Settled in 777, it is home to the Kremsmünster Abbey....
, Aschach was originally part of the eastern part of the Duchy of Bavaria
Duchy of Bavaria
The Duchy of Bavaria was the only one of the stem duchies from the earliest days of East Francia and the Kingdom of Germany to preserve both its name and most of its territorial extent....
and belonged to the Duchy of Austria up to the 12th Century.
1490 Aschach was attributed to the Principality of Österreich ob der Enns, and received the market rights and Coat of arms in 1512 by Emperor Maximilian
Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor
Maximilian I , the son of Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor and Eleanor of Portugal, was King of the Romans from 1486 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1493 until his death, though he was never in fact crowned by the Pope, the journey to Rome always being too risky...
. During the Napoleonic wars
Napoleonic Wars
The Napoleonic Wars were a series of wars declared against Napoleon's French Empire by opposing coalitions that ran from 1803 to 1815. As a continuation of the wars sparked by the French Revolution of 1789, they revolutionised European armies and played out on an unprecedented scale, mainly due to...
the town was occupied several times. Since 1918, the town belongs to the state of Upper Austria. After the annexation of Austria to the German Reich March 13, 1938 the town belonged to Gau Oberdonau. After 1945 followed the restoration of Upper Austria.
Celts and Romans in Aschach
The Celtic name Joviacum appeared first on the Itinerarium Antoninianum at the time when the Roman EmperorRoman Emperor
The Roman emperor was the ruler of the Roman State during the imperial period . The Romans had no single term for the office although at any given time, a given title was associated with the emperor...
Marcus Aurelius Antoninus
Caracalla
Caracalla , was Roman emperor from 198 to 217. The eldest son of Septimius Severus, he ruled jointly with his younger brother Geta until he murdered the latter in 211...
, nicknamed Caracalla
Caracalla
Caracalla , was Roman emperor from 198 to 217. The eldest son of Septimius Severus, he ruled jointly with his younger brother Geta until he murdered the latter in 211...
, reigned from 211-217.
1838 during excavations in Schlögen
Haibach ob der Donau
Haibach ob der Donau is a municipality in the district Eferding in Upper Austria, Austria....
extensive wall remains of a Roman fort were found. Therefore by the middle of this century it was assumed that Schlögen was Joviacum as referred to in the Directory of Roman legions. After excavations in the years 1957-1959 by Dr. Lothar Eckhart proved: Schlögen cannot be Joviacum. Eckhart associates the Militum Liburnariorum, a sort of Marines of the Italian Legion
Legio II Italica
Legio secunda Italica , was a Roman legion levied by emperor Marcus Aurelius in 165 together with I Italica at a time when the Roman Empire was fighting both in Germania and in Parthia. There are still records of the II Italica in Noricum in the beginning of the 5th century...
, with Aschach, the mounted military units Ad Mauros with Eferding. Other than strategic reasons speak for that Aschach is Joviacum the St. Laurentius-patronage of the chapel at the cemetery, the evidence of a Roman square floor plan and the finding of street pavement stones and cart ruts (Limes road?) In the Abelstraße.
Since Aschach is Joviacum, this brings us into the closest connection with the most amazing sources of departing Antiquity
Late Antiquity
Late Antiquity is a periodization used by historians to describe the time of transition from Classical Antiquity to the Middle Ages, in both mainland Europe and the Mediterranean world. Precise boundaries for the period are a matter of debate, but noted historian of the period Peter Brown proposed...
with the "Life of St. Serverin" of the abbot Eugippius
Eugippius
Eugippius was a disciple and the biographer of Saint Severinus of Noricum. After the latter's death in 492, he took the remains to Naples and founded a monastery on the site of a 1st century Roman villa, the Castellum Lucullanum .While at Naples, Eugippius compiled a 1000-page anthology of the...
. St. Severin appeared in Noricum
Noricum
Noricum, in ancient geography, was a Celtic kingdom stretching over the area of today's Austria and a part of Slovenia. It became a province of the Roman Empire...
, a time when the Roman rule came to an end. As a monk and miracle worker, he resisted the Germanic princes, who were sitting with their tribes on both sides of the Danube. In the deserted Roman settlements, he persuaded the defenseless poor Roman people to a Christian lifestyle. When the circumstances had become untenable, he predicted them the imminent defeat of their place and ordered the evacuation of the area. So also for Aschach (Joviacum). We read in the Vita Sancti Severini Eugippii:
"... the servant of God sent the church singer Moderatus to the inhabitants of a city called Joviacum which was more than 20 miles away from Batavis, who should ask there an immediate escape from the vulnerable city. Also here the well-meant advice was not heard so that the saint sent off a courier again, who should at least prompt the church leader Maximianus of Joviacum to leave the village. When also this messenger was not believed, he left the city quickly. Still in the same night the Heruli
Heruli
The Heruli were an East Germanic tribe who are famous for their naval exploits. Migrating from Northern Europe to the Black Sea in the third century They were part of the...
invaded Joviacum, destroyed the settlement and led most of the inhabitants into slavery. The priest they hung on the gallows
Gallows
A gallows is a frame, typically wooden, used for execution by hanging, or by means to torture before execution, as was used when being hanged, drawn and quartered...
."
The details of the Vita is deemed reliable, earlier doubts are resolved by more recent research. Thus, under stipulation of the assumption of the accuracy that Aschach is Joviacum it is testified that the Late Antiquity martyr is MAXIMIANUS of Aschach.
(This text is based on an article by Werner Promintzer in the program guide "1200 years Aschach 777-1977")
Documentary evidence by Duke Tassilo in 777
In the last third of the 7th Century the sovereignty of the AgilolfingerAgilolfings
The Agilolfings were a family of either Frankish or Bavarian nobility that ruled the Duchy of Bavaria on behalf of their Merovingian suzerains from about 550 until 788...
Bavaria
Bavarii
The Bavarii were a Germanic tribe whose name emerged late in Teutonic tribal times. The full name originally was the Germanic *baio-warioz. This name has been handed down as Baiwaren, Baioaren, Bioras, latinised Bavarii, Baioarii. or Bavarii, Bavarians, Bajuwaren, Bajuvarii, Bajuwaren and Baiern....
experienced it's climax and conclusion at the same time. The Agilolfinger, Burgundian
Burgundians
The Burgundians were an East Germanic tribe which may have emigrated from mainland Scandinavia to the island of Bornholm, whose old form in Old Norse still was Burgundarholmr , and from there to mainland Europe...
and Frankish
Franks
The Franks were a confederation of Germanic tribes first attested in the third century AD as living north and east of the Lower Rhine River. From the third to fifth centuries some Franks raided Roman territory while other Franks joined the Roman troops in Gaul. Only the Salian Franks formed a...
origin, often closely related to the southern neighboring tribe of the Lombards
Lombards
The Lombards , also referred to as Longobards, were a Germanic tribe of Scandinavian origin, who from 568 to 774 ruled a Kingdom in Italy...
, fell into the maelstrom and the corruption of the Frankish
Franks
The Franks were a confederation of Germanic tribes first attested in the third century AD as living north and east of the Lower Rhine River. From the third to fifth centuries some Franks raided Roman territory while other Franks joined the Roman troops in Gaul. Only the Salian Franks formed a...
expansion. Odilo
Odilo of Bavaria
Odilo was an Alamannic nobleman, a son of Gotfrid of the house of the Agilolfings.He ruled Thurgau until 736, when with the death of Hugbert of Bavaria the older line of the Agilofing became extinct and he inherited the rulership of Bavaria, which he held until his death in 748.Odilo presided...
, son of Tassilo III, defeated in 772 the Slavs
Slavic peoples
The Slavic people are an Indo-European panethnicity living in Eastern Europe, Southeast Europe, North Asia and Central Asia. The term Slavic represents a broad ethno-linguistic group of people, who speak languages belonging to the Slavic language family and share, to varying degrees, certain...
of Carinthia
Duchy of Carinthia
The Duchy of Carinthia was a duchy located in southern Austria and parts of northern Slovenia. It was separated from the Duchy of Bavaria in 976, then the first newly created Imperial State beside the original German stem duchies....
, in the same year in which Charles the Great, his brother and cousin, the great Saxon War
Saxon Wars
The Saxon Wars were the campaigns and insurrections of the more than thirty years from 772, when Charlemagne first entered Saxony with the intent to conquer, to 804, when the last rebellion of disaffected tribesmen was crushed. In all, eighteen battles were fought in what is now northwestern Germany...
began. In 765 Tassilo the Lombard had married Princess Liutperga
Liutperga
Liutperga was the daughter of Desiderius, King of the Lombards, and Ansa. She was the wife of Tassilo III, the last Agilolfing Duke of Bavaria....
. Her son Theodo was anointed king like by the pope. After the victory over the Slavs when the inclusion of Carantanes in the Bavarian culture began, he founded on the border of the Alps Slavic tribes the Innichen Monastery in Puster Valley and the Münster an der Krems. He generously furnished both for their tasks. In 777 he gifted the vineyards in Aschach to the Kremsmünster Abbey
Kremsmünster Abbey
Kremsmünster Abbey is a Benedictine monastery in Kremsmünster in Upper Austria.-History:The monastery was founded in 777 by Tassilo III, Duke of Bavaria...
at the founding.
Population development
As of the 1991 census, the city had a total population of 2140, 2151 in 2001 and 2178 in 2010.Municipal Council
The following parties are represented in the council:- SPÖSPO- Technology :SPO: Microsoft SharePoint Online, Microsoft Cloud Computing, Office 365. See Microsoft Online Services-Economics:* Secondary Public Offering, an equity capital market instrument...
(9 seats) - ÖVPOVPOVP is a three-letter abbreviation that may refer to:*The Office of the Vice President of the United States*The Office of the Vice President of the Philippines*OVP , a light sub-machine gun developed in Italy...
(8 seats) - FPÖFPOFPO may refer to:*Fleet Post Office, a "city" designation in military mail *Field post office, a term for military post offices in military mail systems *For position only, a designation for placeholder graphics...
(5 seats) - The Greens (3 seats)
Mayor
Incumbent Mayor is Friedrich Knierzinger (ÖVPOVP
OVP is a three-letter abbreviation that may refer to:*The Office of the Vice President of the United States*The Office of the Vice President of the Philippines*OVP , a light sub-machine gun developed in Italy...
).
- Mayors since 1849
Name seit Guglmayr Georg 1. January 1849 Heller Friedrich 1. January 1852 Krigner Franz 1. January 1855 Kurzwernhart Theodor 1. März 1861 Schober Stephan 2. August 1864 Fischer Johann Georg 31. August 1867 Stampfl Gottlieb 29. Juli 1870 Kurzwernhart Theodor 29. January 1873 Fischer Johann Georg 1. January 1886 Markl Emmerich 1. January 1887 Hager Adam 4. February 1889 Haidenthaler Leopold 23. February 1895 Madlsperger Georg 1. January 1908 Obgrasser Ignaz 1. January 1913 Parsche Rudolf 29. August 1919 Ettl Josef 1. Januar 1920 Dienstl Hans Dr. 31. Mai 1924 Osterkorn Hans 1. January 1928 Wagner Karl 1. January 1938 Spielberger Karl 1. January 1938 Reinhold Hans 1. January 1941 Heger Hans 1. January 1945 Dienstl Hans Dr. 25. November 1945 Astner Alois 1. January 1946 Hinterberger Johann 9. October 1949 Wagner Karl 23. October 1955 Fiala Josef 1. January 1964 Veicht Johann 22. October 1967 Putz Adolf 1. January 1984 Achleitner Rudolf 12. October 2003 Friedrich Knierzinger 11. October 2009
Landmarks
- Aschach has a historic center with town houses dating from the Middle AgesMiddle AgesThe Middle Ages is a periodization of European history from the 5th century to the 15th century. The Middle Ages follows the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 and precedes the Early Modern Era. It is the middle period of a three-period division of Western history: Classic, Medieval and Modern...
, with beautiful facades and courtyards from the GothicGothic architectureGothic architecture is a style of architecture that flourished during the high and late medieval period. It evolved from Romanesque architecture and was succeeded by Renaissance architecture....
, BaroqueBaroqueThe Baroque is a period and the style that used exaggerated motion and clear, easily interpreted detail to produce drama, tension, exuberance, and grandeur in sculpture, painting, literature, dance, and music...
and RenaissanceRenaissanceThe Renaissance was a cultural movement that spanned roughly the 14th to the 17th century, beginning in Italy in the Late Middle Ages and later spreading to the rest of Europe. The term is also used more loosely to refer to the historical era, but since the changes of the Renaissance were not...
. - Parish Church with the Danube Cross: around 1490 follows the Late-GothicGothic architectureGothic architecture is a style of architecture that flourished during the high and late medieval period. It evolved from Romanesque architecture and was succeeded by Renaissance architecture....
succeeding building of an originally in 1371 first mentioned church on records. The high altar is crowned by the healing powers of the revered Danube cross. It was brought ashore in 1693 by two sailors in a flood. The sickly restorer of the cross was healed during his work. 1784, Aschach was separated by a government decree of Emperor Joseph IIJoseph II, Holy Roman EmperorJoseph II was Holy Roman Emperor from 1765 to 1790 and ruler of the Habsburg lands from 1780 to 1790. He was the eldest son of Empress Maria Theresa and her husband, Francis I...
from the mother-church Hartkirchen and elevated to an independent parish. 1976, the church was renovated and expanded, designed by Clemens HolzmeisterClemens HolzmeisterClemens Holzmeister was a prominent Austrian architect and stage designer of the early twentieth century. The Austrian Academy of Fine Arts listed his life's work as containing 673 projects. He is the father of Judith Holzmeister.Holzmeister was born in the village of Fulpmes in the Tyrol state of...
. - Old Town Hall
- Schloss Aschach: The manor houseManor houseA manor house is a country house that historically formed the administrative centre of a manor, the lowest unit of territorial organisation in the feudal system in Europe. The term is applied to country houses that belonged to the gentry and other grand stately homes...
is the former seat of the Counts of Harrach. The main wing of the manor house from the 16th Century has arcadesArcade (architecture)An arcade is a succession of arches, each counterthrusting the next, supported by columns or piers or a covered walk enclosed by a line of such arches on one or both sides. In warmer or wet climates, exterior arcades provide shelter for pedestrians....
in the courtyard on all three floors. The east wing was built in 1709 by Johann Lucas von Hildebrandt, as well as the altar in the chapel. The castle is privately owned. - Donaukraftwerk Aschach: The hydro power plantHydroelectricityHydroelectricity is the term referring to electricity generated by hydropower; the production of electrical power through the use of the gravitational force of falling or flowing water. It is the most widely used form of renewable energy...
was built 1959-1964 and was once Europe's largest hydro power plant. - SchopperShipbuildingShipbuilding is the construction of ships and floating vessels. It normally takes place in a specialized facility known as a shipyard. Shipbuilders, also called shipwrights, follow a specialized occupation that traces its roots to before recorded history.Shipbuilding and ship repairs, both...
and Fishery museum. The museum presents the history of the Market Aschach in connection with the shipbuilding - and shipping tradition on the Upper Danube. The Schopper museum presents the historic craft of shipbuilding and also the social and cultural environment of these craftsmen's guilds. In addition, the last original Zehner Trauner is displayed. The Fisheries Museum shows the development of commercial and recreational fishery in Upper Austria with special reference to the upper Danube.
Notable people
Josef Abel (1764-1818 Vienna), engraver, landscape and history painter. In the Upper Carpenter House in Abelstr. 11 is the birthplace of the artist.Transport
In addition to the Danube, the main traffic route for thousands of years, in 1886 Aschach was connected by the Aschacher Bahn (Aschach - Eferding - Wels) to the modern transportation system.During the power plant construction the railway was extended through Aschach to the power plant (then dismantled).
In 1962 the ferry ("Flying Bridge") was replaced by the bridge farther down the river and thus the region Mühlviertel and the central region connected to one another.
Bus lines operate scheduled bus service between neighboring cities among which are Wels, Linz, and Passau in Bavaria.
External links
- http://www.tiscover.com/at/guide/5,en,SCH1/objectId,SIG554519at,parentId,RGN158at,season,at2,selectedEntry,sights/intern.html