August Leopold von Reuss (November 5, 1841 – September 4, 1924) was an Austrian ophthalmologist who was a native of Bilin

Bílina

Bílina is a town in the Teplice District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It is located on the river Bílina. It is known for its comforting and relaxing spas.-Location:...

, Bohemia

Bohemia

Bohemia is a historical region in central Europe, occupying the western two-thirds of the traditional Czech Lands. It is located in the contemporary Czech Republic with its capital in Prague...

. He was the son of geologist

Geologist

A geologist is a scientist who studies the solid and liquid matter that constitutes the Earth as well as the processes and history that has shaped it. Geologists usually engage in studying geology. Geologists, studying more of an applied science than a theoretical one, must approach Geology using...

 August Emanuel von Reuss

August Emanuel von Reuss

August Emanuel von Reuss , Austrian geologist and palaeontologist, was born at Bílina in Bohemia on 8 July 1811, the son of Franz Ambrosius Reuss...

 (1811-1873), and father to pediatrician August von Reuss (1879-1954).

Life

He studied at Karl-Ferdinand University in Prague

Prague

Prague is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. Situated in the north-west of the country on the Vltava river, the city is home to about 1.3 million people, while its metropolitan area is estimated to have a population of over 2.3 million...

, and at the University of Vienna

University of Vienna

The University of Vienna is a public university located in Vienna, Austria. It was founded by Duke Rudolph IV in 1365 and is the oldest university in the German-speaking world...

, where he obtained his degree in 1865. At Vienna

Vienna

Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...

 he was a student of Ernst Wilhelm von Brücke

Ernst Wilhelm von Brücke

Ernst Wilhelm Ritter von Brücke was a German physician and physiologist.He was born Ernst Wilhelm Brücke in Berlin. He graduated in medicine at University of Berlin in 1842, the following year he became esearch assistant to Johannes Peter Müller...

 (1819-1892) and Eduard Jäger von Jaxtthal

Eduard Jäger von Jaxtthal

Eduard Jäger von Jaxtthal was an Austrian ophthalmologist who was a native of Vienna. He was a professor at the University of Vienna, and was son to oculist Friedrich Jäger von Jaxtthal , and grandson to Georg Joseph Beer .Jäger is remembered for his work involving eye operations, and his research...

 (1818-1884). From 1866 to 1870 he was an assistant to ophthalmologist Carl Ferdinand von Arlt

Carl Ferdinand von Arlt

Carl Ferdinand Ritter von Arlt was an Austrian ophthalmologist who was born in Ober-Graupen, a village near Teplitz in Bohemia. He earned his doctorate in Prague in 1839, and later became a professor of ophthalmology in Prague and Vienna...

 (1812-1887), and later became director of the ophthalmology department at the Allgemeine Poliklinik in Vienna.

Reuss made several contributions involving the mathematical

Mathematics

Mathematics is the study of quantity, space, structure, and change. Mathematicians seek out patterns and formulate new conjectures. Mathematicians resolve the truth or falsity of conjectures by mathematical proofs, which are arguments sufficient to convince other mathematicians of their validity...

 aspects of ophthalmic medicine, and conducted studies involving optics

Optics

Optics is the branch of physics which involves the behavior and properties of light, including its interactions with matter and the construction of instruments that use or detect it. Optics usually describes the behavior of visible, ultraviolet, and infrared light...

, ophthalmometry and curvature of the cornea

Cornea

The cornea is the transparent front part of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber. Together with the lens, the cornea refracts light, with the cornea accounting for approximately two-thirds of the eye's total optical power. In humans, the refractive power of the cornea is...

. He also performed extensive research of color blindness

Color blindness

Color blindness or color vision deficiency is the inability or decreased ability to see color, or perceive color differences, under lighting conditions when color vision is not normally impaired...

, and developed a pseudo-isochromatic color chart that was formerly used to test color blindness.

He published over 75 scientific works, including a 1902 treatise concerning the visual field

Visual field

The term visual field is sometimes used as a synonym to field of view, though they do not designate the same thing. The visual field is the "spatial array of visual sensations available to observation in introspectionist psychological experiments", while 'field of view' "refers to the physical...

in nervous disorders called Das Gesichtsfeld bei functionellen Nervenleiden.

Works

• Ophthalmometrische Studien. Zusammen mit M. W. Woinow, Wien 1869.
• Die Augen der Schüler des Leopoldstädter Communal-Real- und Obergymnasiums in Wien. Wien 1874.
• Untersuchungen über die optischen Constanten ametropischer Augen. 1877.
• Ophthalmometrische Mitteilungen.
• Einfluss des Lebensalters auf die Krümmung der Hornhaut. In: Albrecht von Graefe: Archiv für Ophthalmologie 27, Abt. 1, 1881.
• Die Blindheit und ihre Ursachen. Sammlung gemeinnütziger Vorträge. Prag 1881.
• Refractionsveränderungen im jugendlichen Auge.
• Über den Nystagmus der Bergleute. In: Albrecht von Graefe: Archiv für Ophthalmologie 23, Abt. 3, 1877.
• Farbsinn und Refraction bei Eisenbahnbediensteten. In: Albrecht von Graefe: Archiv für Ophthalmologie 29, Abt. 2, 1883.
• Neue Methode zur Erkennung der Farbenblindheit.
• Die Keratitis maculosa.
• Ophthalmologische Mittheilungen aus der II. Augenklinik.
• Das Gesichtsfeld bei functionellen Nervenleiden. Deuticke, Wien 1902.
• Die elektrische Behandlung entzündlicher Augenkrankheiten. In: WMW 63, 1913.

Essays about Reuss

• Biographisches Lexikon der hervorragenden Ärzte der letzten fünfzig Jahre. Urban & Schwarzenberg, München und Wien 1962, 2. Band, S. 1287.
• Anton Elschig; August Ritter von Reuß. In: Sudetendeutsche Lebensbilder. Band 3. Reichenberg 1934, S. 210.
• Julius Hirschberg: Geschichte der Augenheilkunde. Wien 1918, §1235/II, S. 377f, Nachdruck Olms Hildesheim 1978, ISBN 978-3-487-06461-1