Aydinoglu
Encyclopedia
The Aydinids or Aydinid dynasty (Modern Turkish
: Aydınoğulları, Aydınoğulları Beyliği), also known as the Principality of Aydin and Beylik of Aydin (Aydın Beyliği ), was one of the Anatolian beyliks. Its capital was at first in Birgi
, and later in Ayasluğ (present day Selçuk
), was one of the frontier principalities established in the 14th century by Oghuz Turks
after the decline of Sultanate of Rûm
. It is named after its founder Aydınoğlu Mehmed Bey.
The Aydinids also held parts of the port of Smyrna (modern İzmir
) all through their rule and all of the port city with intervals. Especially during the reign of Umur Bey
, the sons of Aydın were a significant naval power of the time. The naval power of Aydin played a crucial role in the Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347
, where Umur allied with John VI Kantakouzenos
, but also provoked a Latin response in the form of the Smyrniote crusades
, that captured Smyrna from the emirate.
The Beylik was incorporated into the Ottoman Empire
for the first time in 1390, and after the passage of Tamerlane in Anatolia in 1402 and the ensuing period of troubles that lasted until 1425, its territories became again part of the Ottoman realm, this time defnitively.
The Bey
s of Aydin left important architectural works, principally in Birgi
and Ayasluğ (Selçuk
), their capital cities.
The city of Aydın
was named after the dynasty.
Turkish language
Turkish is a language spoken as a native language by over 83 million people worldwide, making it the most commonly spoken of the Turkic languages. Its speakers are located predominantly in Turkey and Northern Cyprus with smaller groups in Iraq, Greece, Bulgaria, the Republic of Macedonia, Kosovo,...
: Aydınoğulları, Aydınoğulları Beyliği), also known as the Principality of Aydin and Beylik of Aydin (Aydın Beyliği ), was one of the Anatolian beyliks. Its capital was at first in Birgi
Birgi
Birgi is a small town located in the Ödemiş district of İzmir province in Turkey. Its current name is a distortion of its ancient Greek name: Pyrgion ....
, and later in Ayasluğ (present day Selçuk
Selçuk
Selçuk is the central town of Selçuk district, İzmir Province in Turkey, 2 km northeast of Ephesus.Its original Greek name, Agios Theológos referred to John the Theologian. Under the Ottoman Empire, it was known as Ayasoluk...
), was one of the frontier principalities established in the 14th century by Oghuz Turks
Oghuz Turks
The Turkomen also known as Oghuz Turks were a historical Turkic tribal confederation in Central Asia during the early medieval Turkic expansion....
after the decline of Sultanate of Rûm
Sultanate of Rûm
The Sultanate of Rum , also known as the Anatolian Seljuk State , was a Turkic state centered in in Anatolia, with capitals first at İznik and then at Konya. Since the court of the sultanate was highly mobile, cities like Kayseri and Sivas also functioned at times as capitals...
. It is named after its founder Aydınoğlu Mehmed Bey.
Izmir
Izmir is a large metropolis in the western extremity of Anatolia. The metropolitan area in the entire Izmir Province had a population of 3.35 million as of 2010, making the city third most populous in Turkey...
) all through their rule and all of the port city with intervals. Especially during the reign of Umur Bey
Umur the Lion
Umur Beg or Ghazi Umur , also known as Umur Pasha was the Emir of Aydin from 1334 to 1348. Umur was described in a chronicle Düstürnâme-i Enverî, which was written by Enverî during the reign of Mehmed II, as the "Lion of God" leading just and holy war of conquest against the "miscreants" and...
, the sons of Aydın were a significant naval power of the time. The naval power of Aydin played a crucial role in the Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347
Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347
The Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347 was a conflict between supporters of designated regent John VI Kantakouzenos and guardians acting for John V Palaiologos, Emperor Andronikos III's nine-year-old son, in the persons of the Empress-dowager Anna of Savoy, the Patriarch of Constantinople John XIV...
, where Umur allied with John VI Kantakouzenos
John VI Kantakouzenos
John VI Kantakouzenos or Cantacuzenus was the Byzantine emperor from 1347 to 1354.-Early life:Born in Constantinople, John Kantakouzenos was the son of a Michael Kantakouzenos, governor of the Morea. Through his mother Theodora Palaiologina Angelina, he was a descendant of the reigning house of...
, but also provoked a Latin response in the form of the Smyrniote crusades
Smyrniote crusades
The Smyrniote crusades were two Crusades sent by Pope Clement VI against the Emirate of Aydin under Umur Beg which had as their principal target the coastal city of Smyrna in Asia Minor.The first Smyrniote crusade was the brainchild of Clement VI...
, that captured Smyrna from the emirate.
The Beylik was incorporated into the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
for the first time in 1390, and after the passage of Tamerlane in Anatolia in 1402 and the ensuing period of troubles that lasted until 1425, its territories became again part of the Ottoman realm, this time defnitively.
The Bey
Bey
Bey is a title for chieftain, traditionally applied to the leaders of small tribal groups. Accoding to some sources, the word "Bey" is of Turkish language In historical accounts, many Turkish, other Turkic and Persian leaders are titled Bey, Beg, Bek, Bay, Baig or Beigh. They are all the same word...
s of Aydin left important architectural works, principally in Birgi
Birgi
Birgi is a small town located in the Ödemiş district of İzmir province in Turkey. Its current name is a distortion of its ancient Greek name: Pyrgion ....
and Ayasluğ (Selçuk
Selçuk
Selçuk is the central town of Selçuk district, İzmir Province in Turkey, 2 km northeast of Ephesus.Its original Greek name, Agios Theológos referred to John the Theologian. Under the Ottoman Empire, it was known as Ayasoluk...
), their capital cities.
The city of Aydın
Aydin
Aydın is a city in and the seat of Aydın Province in Turkey's Aegean Region. The city is located at the heart of the lower valley of Büyük Menderes River at a commanding position for the region extending from the uplands of the valley down to the seacoast...
was named after the dynasty.
See also
- İsa Bey Mosque
- Anatolian beyliks
- Ottoman EmpireOttoman EmpireThe Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
- List of Sunni Muslim dynasties
- Umur the LionUmur the LionUmur Beg or Ghazi Umur , also known as Umur Pasha was the Emir of Aydin from 1334 to 1348. Umur was described in a chronicle Düstürnâme-i Enverî, which was written by Enverî during the reign of Mehmed II, as the "Lion of God" leading just and holy war of conquest against the "miscreants" and...
- Cüneyt Bey of AydınCüneyt Bey of AydınCuneyd Bey , was the ruler of Aydinid principality in what is now modern Turkey in the early 15th century Cuneyd Bey , ( ?-1425) was the ruler of Aydinid principality in what is now modern Turkey in the early 15th century Cuneyd Bey , ( ?-1425) was the ruler of Aydinid principality in what is...