Bacillus safensis
Encyclopedia
Bacillus safensis is a bacterium, highly resistant to gamma
and UV radiation, that has raised some concerns over a possibility of having been brought to the planet Mars
with the two space probes Spirit
and Opportunity
in 2004.
The bacterium is named after the NASA
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
’s Spacecraft Assembly Facility (SAF) where it was first discovered.
Bacillus safensis are included in the Living Interplanetary Flight Experiment
, which is planned to be launched aboard the Fobos-Grunt mission in November 2011.
Gamma ray
Gamma radiation, also known as gamma rays or hyphenated as gamma-rays and denoted as γ, is electromagnetic radiation of high frequency . Gamma rays are usually naturally produced on Earth by decay of high energy states in atomic nuclei...
and UV radiation, that has raised some concerns over a possibility of having been brought to the planet Mars
Mars
Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun in the Solar System. The planet is named after the Roman god of war, Mars. It is often described as the "Red Planet", as the iron oxide prevalent on its surface gives it a reddish appearance...
with the two space probes Spirit
Spirit rover
Spirit, MER-A , is a robotic rover on Mars, active from 2004 to 2010. It was one of two rovers of NASA's ongoing Mars Exploration Rover Mission. It landed successfully on Mars at 04:35 Ground UTC on January 4, 2004, three weeks before its twin, Opportunity , landed on the other side of the planet...
and Opportunity
Opportunity rover
Opportunity, MER-B , is a robotic rover on the planet Mars, active since 2004. It is the remaining rover in NASA's ongoing Mars Exploration Rover Mission...
in 2004.
The bacterium is named after the NASA
NASA
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is the agency of the United States government that is responsible for the nation's civilian space program and for aeronautics and aerospace research...
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Jet Propulsion Laboratory is a federally funded research and development center and NASA field center located in the San Gabriel Valley area of Los Angeles County, California, United States. The facility is headquartered in the city of Pasadena on the border of La Cañada Flintridge and Pasadena...
’s Spacecraft Assembly Facility (SAF) where it was first discovered.
Bacillus safensis are included in the Living Interplanetary Flight Experiment
Living Interplanetary Flight Experiment
The Living Interplanetary Flight Experiment is an interplanetary mission developed by the Planetary Society. It consists of sending selected microorganisms on a three-year interplanetary round-trip in a small capsule aboard the Russian Fobos-Grunt spacecraft in 2011, which is a sample-return...
, which is planned to be launched aboard the Fobos-Grunt mission in November 2011.