Bailey Ruin
Encyclopedia
Bailey Ruin is an archaeological site located in Navajo County
, Arizona
, United States
. The site, also known as "Stott Ranch Ruin" and "Pope Ranch Site," was added to the National Register of Historic Places
in 2006 for its historical and archaeological significance.
Bailey Ruin, a well-preserved Ancient Puebloan
site, was occupied from about AD 1275 to 1325, in the late Pueblo III Era
to early Pueblo IV Era
.
and partly on a private ranch, the ruins are located about 1.6 miles (2.6 km) from the Mogollon Rim
at 6808 feet (2,075.1 m) in elevation.
about 660 feet (201.2 m) from the pueblo and nearby springs. Currently there are shallow historic wells.
Navajo County, Arizona
-2010:Whereas according to the 2010 U.S. Census Bureau:*49.3% White*0.9% Black*43.4% Native American*0.5% Asian*0.1% Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander*2.5% Two or more races*3.3% Other races*10.8% Hispanic or Latino -2000:...
, Arizona
Arizona
Arizona ; is a state located in the southwestern region of the United States. It is also part of the western United States and the mountain west. The capital and largest city is Phoenix...
, United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
. The site, also known as "Stott Ranch Ruin" and "Pope Ranch Site," was added to the National Register of Historic Places
National Register of Historic Places
The National Register of Historic Places is the United States government's official list of districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects deemed worthy of preservation...
in 2006 for its historical and archaeological significance.
Bailey Ruin, a well-preserved Ancient Puebloan
Ancient Pueblo Peoples
Ancient Pueblo People or Ancestral Pueblo peoples were an ancient Native American culture centered on the present-day Four Corners area of the United States, comprising southern Utah, northern Arizona, northwest New Mexico, and southern Colorado...
site, was occupied from about AD 1275 to 1325, in the late Pueblo III Era
Pueblo III Era
The Pueblo III Era, AD 1150 to 1350, was the third period, also called the "Great Pueblo period" when Ancient Pueblo People lived in large cliff-dwelling, multi-storied pueblo, or cliff-side talus house communities...
to early Pueblo IV Era
Pueblo IV Era
The Pueblo IV Era, was the fourth period of ancient pueblo life in the American Southwest. At the end of prior Pueblo III Era, Anasazi living in the Colorado and Utah regions abandoned their settlements and migrated south to the Little Colorado River and Rio Grande River valleys...
.
Geography
Bailey Ruins, located mainly in a ponderosa forest in a United States Forest ServiceUnited States Forest Service
The United States Forest Service is an agency of the United States Department of Agriculture that administers the nation's 155 national forests and 20 national grasslands, which encompass...
and partly on a private ranch, the ruins are located about 1.6 miles (2.6 km) from the Mogollon Rim
Mogollon Rim
The Mogollon Rim is a topographical and geological feature running across the U.S. state of Arizona. It extends approximately from northern Yavapai County eastward to near the border with New Mexico.-Description:...
at 6808 feet (2,075.1 m) in elevation.
Pueblo site
The site was a multi-storied complex of 200 to 250 rooms that appeared to grow gradually in size from AD 1275 to 1325. Around the turn of the 14th century, the plaza was enclosed by the addition of clusters of rooms. The site had several water sources: a cienegaCienega
A cienega or cienaga is a Spanish Colonial term for a spring, that is in use in English in the southwestern United States. A cienega usually is a wet, marshy area at the foot of a mountain, in a canyon, or on the edge of a grassland where groundwater bubbles to the surface...
about 660 feet (201.2 m) from the pueblo and nearby springs. Currently there are shallow historic wells.
Archaeology
Archaeological interest in the site began before the turn of the 20th century.- J. Walter FewkesJ. Walter FewkesJesse Walter Fewkes was an American anthropologist, archaeologist, writer and naturalist. He was born in Newton, Massachusetts, and initially trained as a zoologist at Harvard University...
who led an expedition for the SmithsonianSmithsonian InstitutionThe Smithsonian Institution is an educational and research institute and associated museum complex, administered and funded by the government of the United States and by funds from its endowment, contributions, and profits from its retail operations, concessions, licensing activities, and magazines...
Bureau of American EthnologyBureau of American EthnologyThe Bureau of American Ethnology was established in 1879 by an act of Congress for the purpose of transferring archives, records and materials relating to the Indians of North America from the Interior Department to the Smithsonian Institution...
, visited the site in 1897 and referred to the site as the "Stott Ranch Ruin". - Emil W. HauryEmil HauryEmil Walter "Doc" Haury was an influential archaeologist who specialized in the archaeology of the American Southwest....
visited the site in 1927 and 1929, first for the Gila Pueblo Archaeological FoundationGila Pueblo Archaeological FoundationThe Gila Pueblo Archaeological Foundation was founded in 1928 in Globe, Arizona by Harold S. Gladwin and Winifred Gladwin. The purpose of the foundation was to conduct archaeological research in the American Southwest and surrounding areas....
and then for the National Geographic SocietyNational Geographic SocietyThe National Geographic Society , headquartered in Washington, D.C. in the United States, is one of the largest non-profit scientific and educational institutions in the world. Its interests include geography, archaeology and natural science, the promotion of environmental and historical...
Third Beam Expedition. As the ranch changed owners, the site name changed. When Haury visited in 1927 it was named the "Pope Ranch Site" and then it was name for the new owner, George W. Bailey. During Haury's visit in 1927, he conducted a search for tree-ring datingDendrochronologyDendrochronology or tree-ring dating is the scientific method of dating based on the analysis of patterns of tree-rings. Dendrochronology can date the time at which tree rings were formed, in many types of wood, to the exact calendar year...
specimens. - Surveys were conducted in the area during the 1980s.
- Spring Creek Archaeological Project was conducted in 1993, including excavation of the site.
External links
- Bailey Ruin, Spring Creek Archaeological Project
- http://www.fs.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsinternet/!ut/p/c5/04_SB8K8xLLM9MSSzPy8xBz9CP0os3gjAwhwtDDw9_AI8zPwhQoY6IeDdGCqCPOBqwDLG-AAjgb6fh75uan6BdnZaY6OiooA1tkqlQ!!/dl3/d3/L2dJQSEvUUt3QS9ZQnZ3LzZfMjAwMDAwMDBBODBPSEhWTjBNMDAwMDAwMDA!/?ss=110301&navtype=forestBean&navid=091000000000000&pnavid=null&cid=null&ttype=main&pname=Apache%20and%20Sitgreaves%20National%20Forests%20-%20HomeApache and Sitgreaves National Forests United States Forest Service]