Barisal City
Encyclopedia
Barisal City
Barisal City
Barisal City ) is an old port on the Kirtankhola on the northern shore of the Bay of Bengal in southern Bangladesh and it is 142 km far from capital city Dhaka. It is now the divisional headquarter of the Barisal Division and consists of 30 wards and 50 mahallas. The area of the town is...

( Bariśāl)) is an old port
Port
A port is a location on a coast or shore containing one or more harbors where ships can dock and transfer people or cargo to or from land....

 on the Kirtankhola
Kirtankhola
Kirtankhola is a river that starts from Sayeshtabad in Barisal district and ends into the Gajalia near Gabkhan khal . The total length of the river is about 160 km....

 on the northern shore of the Bay of Bengal
Bay of Bengal
The Bay of Bengal , the largest bay in the world, forms the northeastern part of the Indian Ocean. It resembles a triangle in shape, and is bordered mostly by the Eastern Coast of India, southern coast of Bangladesh and Sri Lanka to the west and Burma and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands to the...

 in southern Bangladesh
Bangladesh
Bangladesh , officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh is a sovereign state located in South Asia. It is bordered by India on all sides except for a small border with Burma to the far southeast and by the Bay of Bengal to the south...

 and it is 142 km (373 km by road) far from capital city Dhaka
Dhaka
Dhaka is the capital of Bangladesh and the principal city of Dhaka Division. Dhaka is a megacity and one of the major cities of South Asia. Located on the banks of the Buriganga River, Dhaka, along with its metropolitan area, had a population of over 15 million in 2010, making it the largest city...

. It is now the divisional headquarter of the Barisal Division
Barisal Division
Barisal Division is located in south-central Bangladesh, with an area of 13,644.85 km2, and with a population of 8,147,000 at the 2011 Census . It is bounded by Dhaka division on the north, the Bay of Bengal on the south, Chittagong division on the east and Khulna division on the west...

 and consists of 30 wards and 50 mahallas. The area of the town is 19.99 km². Barisal municipality was established in 1957 and was turned into a City Corporation in 2000.

Barisal City has one police
Police
The police is a personification of the state designated to put in practice the enforced law, protect property and reduce civil disorder in civilian matters. Their powers include the legitimized use of force...

 academy.

History

Barisal was a semi-independent area in Mughal
Mughal Empire
The Mughal Empire ,‎ or Mogul Empire in traditional English usage, was an imperial power from the Indian Subcontinent. The Mughal emperors were descendants of the Timurids...

 period because of heavy fighting between them and Hindu
Hindu
Hindu refers to an identity associated with the philosophical, religious and cultural systems that are indigenous to the Indian subcontinent. As used in the Constitution of India, the word "Hindu" is also attributed to all persons professing any Indian religion...

 chiefs. In course of time, it fell under Bengal Nawabs
Nawab of Bengal
The Nawabs of Bengal were the hereditary nazims or subadars of the subah of Bengal during the Mughal rule and the de-facto rulers of the province.-History:...

 and British India, later passed to Bangladesh.

Following the partition of India in 1947, the area of Bangladesh became a province of Pakistan, initially known as East Bengal, and then, from 1955, as East Pakistan. The people of East Pakistan Province declared their independence as the nation of Bangladesh on March 26, 1971, while fighting a savage war against the central Pakistani government. The separation from Pakistan took place, with extensive aid from India, on December 16, 1971 as a result of the third Indo-Pakistan War. Bangladesh was soon recognized by most other nations, although Pakistan withheld diplomatic recognition until 1974 and China did not recognize the nation until 1976. Bangladesh was admitted to the United Nations in 1974.

The central city of this region is the city of Barisal. It is one of the biggest river ports in Bangladesh. It is a city with nearly 0.38 million people and a divisional headquarter, medical college, cadet college, some pharmaceutical industries, textile industries and the Bangladesh Inland Water Transport Authority
Bangladesh Inland Water Transport Authority
Bangladesh Inland Water Transport Authority also known as BIWTA is the authority who controls the inland water transport in Bangladesh. It's also responsible for managing development and maintenance of inland water transport system.- Formation :...

's head office. Barisal is fast growing city of the country stands on the Kirtankhola River. Country's first short landing and take off airport has been completed in Barisal and a private Airlines named Air Bengal has begun its regular air flight between Dhaka Tejgaon Airport and Barisal.

The city is sometimes called the "Venice of the East" or the "Venice of Bengal".

Geography

Barisal District with an area of 2790.51 sq km is bounded by Madaripur, Shariatpur, Chandpur
Chandpur
Chandpur is one of the most important city in Bijnor district, in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India.Chandpur is 140 km from the capital of New Delhi, 110 km from Meerut, and 38 km from Gajraula on National Highway 24 ....

 and Lakshmipur
Lakshmipur
Lakshmipura or Laxmipur may refer to:* Lakshmipur, Bangladesh* Laxmipur, Dang Deokhuri, Nepal* Laxmipur, Mahakali, Nepal* Laxmipur, Narayani, Nepal* Laxmipur, Salyan, Nepal* Lakshmipura, Tamil Nadu...

 districts on the north, Patuakhali, Barguna and Jhalokati districts on the south, Bhola and Lakshmipur
Lakshmipur
Lakshmipura or Laxmipur may refer to:* Lakshmipur, Bangladesh* Laxmipur, Dang Deokhuri, Nepal* Laxmipur, Mahakali, Nepal* Laxmipur, Narayani, Nepal* Laxmipur, Salyan, Nepal* Lakshmipura, Tamil Nadu...

 districts on the east, Jhalokati, Pirojpur and Gopalganj
Gopalganj
Gopalganj may refer to:*Gopalganj District *Gopalganj, Bangladesh*Gopalganj District, India, is a district of the state of Bihar.*Gopalganj, Bihar, is a town and a municipality in and the headquarters of Gopalganj district in Bihar, India....

 districts on the west. Whereas the area of the town is 16.37 sq km.

Climate

Bangladesh has a tropical monsoon-type climate, with a hot and rainy summer and a dry winter. January is the coolest month with temperatures averaging near 26 deg C (78 d F) and April the warmest with temperatures from 33 to 36 deg C (91 to 96 deg F). The climate is one of the wettest in the world. Most places receive more than 1,525 mm of rain a year, and areas near the hills receive 5,080 mm ). Most rains occur during the monsoon (June–September) and little in winter (November–February).

Bangladesh is subject to devastating cyclones, originating over the Bay of Bengal, in the periods of April to May and September to November. Often accompanied by surging waves, these storms can cause great damage and loss of life. The cyclone of November 1970, in which about 500,000 lives were lost in Bangladesh, was one of the worst natural disasters of the country in the 20th century.

Bangladesh has warm temperatures throughout the year, with relatively little variation from month to month. January tends to be the coolest month and May the warmest. In Dhaka the average January temperature is about 19°C (about 66°F), and the average May temperature is about 29°C (about 84°F).

Required clothing: Lightweight cottons and linens throughout the year. Warmer clothes are needed in the evenings during the cool season. Waterproofs are necessary during the monsoon season.

Demography

According to an estimate of 2008 Barisal has a population of 210,374; male 53.28%, female 46.72%. Literacy rate among the town people is 85%. Main occupations are Agriculture 35.28%, agricultural labourer 18.76%, wage labourer 4.16%, commerce 13.89%, service 10.64%, fishing 3.45%, construction 1.25%, transport 1.72% and others 10.85%.

Religion

The majority of the people of Barisal (90.64 per cent) identify themselves as Muslim
Muslim
A Muslim, also spelled Moslem, is an adherent of Islam, a monotheistic, Abrahamic religion based on the Quran, which Muslims consider the verbatim word of God as revealed to prophet Muhammad. "Muslim" is the Arabic term for "submitter" .Muslims believe that God is one and incomparable...

s.This is followed by those of Hindu
Hindu
Hindu refers to an identity associated with the philosophical, religious and cultural systems that are indigenous to the Indian subcontinent. As used in the Constitution of India, the word "Hindu" is also attributed to all persons professing any Indian religion...

s (8.38 per cent) and Christian
Christian
A Christian is a person who adheres to Christianity, an Abrahamic, monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as recorded in the Canonical gospels and the letters of the New Testament...

s (0.98 per cent).There are about 3941 Mosques, 805 temples, 44 churches and 5 tombs.

Education

Higher education

Barisal is a major center for higher education in Bangladesh. Few of city’s education institutions are...
  • Barisal University
    Barisal University
    Barisal University, approved in the ECNEC meeting on November 29, 2008, will be the only general public university in Barisal division and the country's 33rd public university...

     (proposed: to begin enroll students in 2011)
  • Govt. BM college. (Brojomohun College)
  • Barisal Polytechnic Institute
  • Sher-E-Bangla Medical college
  • Barisal Cadet College

There are also a Physical education college, a Nursing institute and two Teacher's training colleges.

Primary and secondary education

The primary and secondary schools/colleges of Barisal are controlled by the Boards of Intermediate and Secondary Education,Barisal, most of them are public though there are also a number of private one.

Numbers of primary and secondary schools/college are shown below:
  • Cadet college: 1
  • Government college: 7
  • Non-government college: 7
  • Government high school: 2
  • Non-government high school: 55
  • Junior school: 7
  • Government primary school: 175
  • Non-government primary school: 133


Among them Barisal Govt. Girls High School, Barisal Zilla School
Barisal Zilla School
Barisal Zilla School is a boys school located in Barisal, Bangladesh. One of the oldest schools in Bangladesh, it has more than two thousand students. Beside the school playground, Barisal Zilla School owns famous ground called Poreshagor. The school celebrated its 175th anniversary on 9-10...

, Udayan High School, Barisal Cadet College
Barisal Cadet College
Barisal Cadet College , is a military high school in Rahmatpur, Babuganj, Bangladesh. It is located 12 km from Barisal, beside the Dhaka Barisal highway.-History:...

 are renowned.

Media

Barisal is a center for the newspaper, periodical and book publishers. Some locally published newspaper
Newspaper
A newspaper is a scheduled publication containing news of current events, informative articles, diverse features and advertising. It usually is printed on relatively inexpensive, low-grade paper such as newsprint. By 2007, there were 6580 daily newspapers in the world selling 395 million copies a...

s and periodicals are:

Newspapers

  • Amader Barisal
  • Shahnama
  • The Daily Barisal Protidin
  • Probashi
  • Gram Samachar
  • Ajker Barta
  • Rupantar Sathi
  • Saikot Barta
  • Darpan
  • Dipanchal
  • Ajker Kantha


periodicals

  • weekly Lokabani
  • Bakerganj Parikrama
  • Chirantan Bangla
  • Upakul, periodicals Paira
  • the River
  • Etibriti
  • Khadem
  • Chirantan Bangla
  • Upakul
  • Samachar
  • Gournadi Parikrama


Tourist attractions

Durgasagar: with an area of about 2,500 hectare, is the largest pond or dighi of southern Bangladesh. It is located at Madhabpasa village of babuganj upazila, about 11 km away from barisal town. Locally it is known as Madhabpasha Dighi. According to a desire of Rani Durgavati, mother of Raja Joynarayan, the dighi was dug in 1780 (1187 BS). There are coconut trees around the dighi which together with the dighi are bounded by brick-walls. In the middle of the dighi, there is an island with bushes. Migratory birds usually come here during winter. The surrounding areas of the dighi has now been turned into a picnic spot.

Air

Barisal airport
Barisal Airport
Barisal Airport is located in the southern city of Barisal in Bangladesh. The airport served for domestic flights to Dhaka in the past.-External links:*...

 is not an international airport
International airport
An international airport is any airport that can accommodate flights from other countries and are typically equipped with customs and immigration facilities to handle these flights to and from other countries...

. Only Bangladesh Biman and Air Parabat  use this port. Active routes are Barisal-Dhaka
Dhaka
Dhaka is the capital of Bangladesh and the principal city of Dhaka Division. Dhaka is a megacity and one of the major cities of South Asia. Located on the banks of the Buriganga River, Dhaka, along with its metropolitan area, had a population of over 15 million in 2010, making it the largest city...

 and Barisal-Chittagong
Chittagong
Chittagong ) is a city in southeastern Bangladesh and the capital of an eponymous district and division. Built on the banks of the Karnaphuli River, the city is home to Bangladesh's busiest seaport and has a population of over 4.5 million, making it the second largest city in the country.A trading...

.

Buses

Many Bus company connect Barisal to other districts. Some of them are...
  • Eagle Paribahan
  • Sakura Paribahan
  • Druti Paribahan
  • Hanif Enterprise
  • Ilish Paribahan
  • Tuhin Paribahan Rajshahi-Barisal (twice)daily


River Port

River is also a popular transport system with other district.The luxurious launch journey connects between the south and Dhaka city. It is one of the most enjoyable night journey ever you could get in your life. The launches are really royal, majestic and with pomp and pleasure. Some royal launches are:
  • Sundarban 7
  • Sundarban 8
  • Surovi 6
  • Surovi 7
  • Surovi 8
  • Dipraj
  • Parabat 7
  • Parabat 9
  • Parabat 11
  • Kirtonkhola 1
  • Kalam Khan
  • KIRTONKHOLA 2 Coming soon by Fin Dhaka Bank Ltd.


Economy

Barisal is a rice producing center of Bangladesh. Balam (a kind of baasmati) is the most popular rice in Barisal. It is also famous for Betel Leaf, a typical south Asian chewing item. As Barisal is surrounded by river so fish is plenty in there.It is said..

"Dhan (paddy) nadi (river) Khal (canal) ai tine Barisal."

Means, paddy,river and canal this three thing makes Barisal.

Coconut is very common in there as it is a coastal area. Hog Plum in Barisal is very famous.

Exports: Fish, medicine,Empty Gelatine Capsules by Global Capsules Ltd. bidi (local tobacco) by Amrita Bidi as Karokor Bidi Factory, AMRITA Food Branded all Spices, Sunflower oil, Atta, Maida,Bhutta powder-Suzi and handicrafts.

Architecture

Barisal's buildings are too diverse to be characterised by any particular architectural style, and have been built over a long period of time.

Archaeological heritage

Some well known heritage are as follows:
  • Rammohan Samadhi Mandir
  • Sujabad Kella
  • Sangram Kella
  • Sharkal Fort
  • Girja Mahalla
  • Bell's Park
  • Ebadullah Mosque
  • Kasai Mosque
  • Oxford Church
  • Shankar Math
  • Kali Bari of Mukunda Das
  • Joint Mosque at Bhatikhana
  • Aswini kumar town hall
  • Charkella
  • Durgasagar Dighi
  • one domed Mosque (Kasba)


Noted Barisailese

  • Abdul Gaffar Choudhury, Bangladeshi author and rpo-Awami league columnist, perhaps best known for his lyric Amar Bhaier Rokte Rangano—which has become the main song commemorating the Language Movement, the touchy music having been composed by Shaheed Altaf Mahmud.
  • Abala Bose
    Abala Bose
    Abala, Lady Bose was a social worker well-known for her efforts in the field of women’s education and her contribution towards the alleviation of the condition of widows.-Family:...

    , social reformer and wife of Jagadish Chandra Bose
  • A.K. Fazlul Huq, (Mayor of kolkata
    Kolkata
    Kolkata , formerly known as Calcutta, is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal. Located on the east bank of the Hooghly River, it was the commercial capital of East India...

     (1935, first Muslim mayor of kolkata), Prime Minister of undivided Bengal
    Bengal
    Bengal is a historical and geographical region in the northeast region of the Indian Subcontinent at the apex of the Bay of Bengal. Today, it is mainly divided between the sovereign land of People's Republic of Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal, although some regions of the previous...

     (1937–1943) and of East Bengal
    East Bengal
    East Bengal was the name used during two periods in the 20th century for a territory that roughly corresponded to the modern state of Bangladesh. Both instances involved a violent partition of Bengal....

     (1954), Home Minister of Pakistan
    Pakistan
    Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...

     (1955) and Governor of East Pakistan
    East Pakistan
    East Pakistan was a provincial state of Pakistan established in 14 August 1947. The provincial state existed until its declaration of independence on 26 March 1971 as the independent nation of Bangladesh. Pakistan recognized the new nation on 16 December 1971. East Pakistan was created from Bengal...

     (1956–1958)
  • Altaf Mahmud
    Altaf Mahmud
    Altaf Mahmud was a musician, cultural activist and martyred freedom fighter of the Bangladesh Liberation War...

     noted bengali film song composer and one of the martyred intelligentsia in 1971.
  • Amal Kumar Raychaudhuri
    Amal Kumar Raychaudhuri
    Amal Kumar Raychaudhuri was a leading physicist well known for his contributions to relativistic cosmology, particularly Raychaudhuri's equation, which is a key ingredient in proving the Penrose-Hawking singularity theorems of general relativity...

    , physicist
  • Anil Biswas (composer)
    Anil Biswas (composer)
    Anil Biswas was a famous Indian film music composer from 1935 to 1965, who apart from being one of pioneers of playback singing, is also credited for the first Indian orchestra of twelve pieces and introducing orchestral music and full-blooded choral effects, into Indian cinema...

     noted Hindi and bengali film song composer
  • Aroj Ali Matubbar
    Aroj Ali Matubbar
    Aroj Ali Matubbar , a self-taught philosopher and apostate, and communist politician of Bangladesh, was born in British India on 17 December 1900 in the village of Lamchari in Charbaria union, about 11 km from Barisal town, currently in Bangladesh. His original name is Aroj Ali. The name...

    , noted Astronomer and Philosopher.
  • Aswini Kumar Dutta, social reformer and philanthropist
  • Abul Hasnat Abdullah - Pioneer of Peace Treaty
  • Jibanananda Das
    Jibanananda Das
    Jibanananda Das was a noted Bengali poet. He is considered one of the precursors who introduced modernist poetry to Bengali Literature, at a period when it was influenced by Rabindranath Tagore's Romantic poetry....

    , famous Bengali poet.
  • Kamini Roy
    Kamini Roy
    Kamini Roy was a leading Bengali poet, social worker and feminist from India. She was the first woman honours graduate in India.-Early life:...

    , famous poetess and first woman graduate with honours in the subcontinent.
  • Kadambini Ganguly
    Kadambini Ganguly
    Kadambini Ganguly was one of the first female graduates of the British Empire along with Chandramukhi Basu. She was one of the first female physicians of South Asia to be trained in European medicine.-Early life:...

    , first female graduate and first female physician in the entire British empire
  • Kusumkumari Das, poetess and mother of Jibanananda Das
    Jibanananda Das
    Jibanananda Das was a noted Bengali poet. He is considered one of the precursors who introduced modernist poetry to Bengali Literature, at a period when it was influenced by Rabindranath Tagore's Romantic poetry....

  • Mithun Chakraborty
    Mithun Chakraborty
    Mithun Chakraborty is an Indian film actor, social activist, and entrepreneur, who has won three National Film Awards. He made his acting debut with the arthouse drama Mrigaya , for which he won his first National Film Award for Best Actor....

    , famous actor.
  • Mohiuddin Jahangir
    Mohiuddin Jahangir
    Mohiuddin Jahangir was a Captain in the Bangladesh Army during the 1971 Liberation War. He was born in 1948 in the village of Rahimgonj under Babugonj upazilla of Barisal district. He was an officer in Sector 7 of the Muktibahini. He was killed in an attempt to break through enemy defences on the...

     (Bir Shreshto) was a Captain in the Bangladesh Army during the 1971 Liberation War. The main gate of Dhaka Cantonment- "Shaheed Jahangir Gate" is named in his honour.
  • Pannalal Ghosh
    Pannalal Ghosh
    Pannalal Ghosh , also known as Amulya Jyoti Ghosh, was a Bengali Indian flute player and composer. He was a disciple of Allauddin Khan, and is credited with giving the flute its status in Hindustani classical music....

      renowned musician and flutist
  • Partha Dasgupta
    Partha Dasgupta
    Professor Sir Partha Sarathi Dasgupta, FRS, FBA , is the Frank Ramsey Professor of Economics at the University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Fellow of St John's College, Cambridge; Honorary Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge; and Professor of Environmental and Development Economics at the...

    , eminent economist.
  • Parul Ghosh
    Parul Ghosh
    Parul Ghosh , born Parul Biswas, was one of the pioneers of playback singing, singing in Hindi and Bengali movies from 1935 to 1951. Originally hailing from Barisal, now in Bangladesh, she was introduced to playback singing by her brother Anil Biswas. Films in which she featured include Jwar Bhata,...

    , Hindi and bengali film singer
  • Priya Ranjan Dasmunsi
    Priya Ranjan Dasmunsi
    Priya Ranjan Dasmunsi was a member of the 14th Lok Sabha of India. He represented the Raiganj of West Bengal and is a member of the Indian National Congress party.-Career:Dasmunsi was President of Youth Congress in West Bengal from 1970 to 1971...

    , Minister of parliamentary affairs and information, India.
  • Salman Khan
    Salman Khan (educator)
    Salman Amin 'Sal' Khan is an American educator and the founder of the Khan Academy, a free online education platform and nonprofit organization....

    , Founder of Khan Academy
    Khan Academy
    The Khan Academy is a not-for-profit educational organization, created in 2006 by Bangladeshi American educator Salman Khan, a graduate of MIT. With the stated mission of "providing a high quality education to anyone, anywhere", the website supplies a free online collection of more than 2,700 micro...

  • ShantiSudha Bose @ Kanak Dutta freedom fighter and vocal artist
  • Sufia Kamal
    Sufia Kamal
    Sufia Kamal was a poet, writer, organizer, feminist and activist from Bangladesh. She was born to a Muslim family in Barisal, Bangladesh. She is one of the most widely recognized cultural personalities in Bangladesh...

    , poetess
  • Sushmita Sen
    Sushmita Sen
    Sushmita Sen is an Indian actress who appears in mainly Bollywood films. A former model, Sen was crowned Miss Universe in 1994. She was the first Indian woman to win the contest.-Personal life:Sen was born on 19 November 1975....

    , famous actress.
  • Shaheed Abdur Rob Serniabat - Great politician
  • Surendra Nath Dutta - noted freedom fighter
  • Swadesh Ranjan Dutta - poet and pioneer to small stories in bengali literature
  • Tapan Raychaudhuri
    Tapan Raychaudhuri
    Tapan Raychaudhuri is an Indian historian specialising in British Indian history, Indian economic history and the History of Bengal.-Background:...

    , noted historian.
  • Tofazzal Hossain Manik Miah
    Tofazzal Hossain Manik Miah
    Tofazzal Hossain Manik Miah was a Bengali journalist and politician. He was the founding editor of The Ittefaq.Manik Miah played a vital role during the rise of Bengali nationalism in 1960s...

     Founder Editor of The Daily Ittefaq
    Ittefaq
    The Daily Ittefaq is a daily newspaper which is one of the most published and circulated newspaper published from Bangladesh. This newspaper printed in Bengali by Ittefaq Group of Publications Limited...

    .
  • Utpal Dutt
    Utpal Dutt
    Utpal Dutt was an Indian actor, director, and writer-playwright. He was primarily an actor in Bengali Theatre, where he became a pioneering figure in Modern Indian theatre, when he founded the 'Little Theater Group' in 1947, which enacted many English, Shakespearean and Brecht plays, in a period...

    (29 March 1929 – 19 August 1993), was an Indian actor, director and writer-playwright
  • Rabi Ghosh - Famous noted actor.
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