Baron Northbrook
Encyclopedia
Stratton Park
Stratton Park, in East Stratton, Hampshire, was an English country house, built on the site of a grange of Hyde Abbey after the dissolution of the monasteries; it was purchased with the manor of Micheldever in 1546 by Thomas Wriothesley, 1st Earl of Southampton...
in the County of Southampton, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom
Peerage of the United Kingdom
The Peerage of the United Kingdom comprises most peerages created in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland after the Act of Union in 1801, when it replaced the Peerage of Great Britain...
. It was created in 1866 for the Liberal
Liberal Party (UK)
The Liberal Party was one of the two major political parties of the United Kingdom during the 19th and early 20th centuries. It was a third party of negligible importance throughout the latter half of the 20th Century, before merging with the Social Democratic Party in 1988 to form the present day...
politician and former Chancellor of the Exchequer
Chancellor of the Exchequer
The Chancellor of the Exchequer is the title held by the British Cabinet minister who is responsible for all economic and financial matters. Often simply called the Chancellor, the office-holder controls HM Treasury and plays a role akin to the posts of Minister of Finance or Secretary of the...
, Sir Francis Baring, 3rd Baronet
Francis Baring, 1st Baron Northbrook
Francis Thornhill Baring, 1st Baron Northbrook PC , known as Sir Francis Baring, Bt, from 1848 to 1866, was a British Whig politician who served in the governments of Lord Melbourne and Lord John Russell....
. The holders of the barony represent the genealogically senior branch of the prominent Baring family. The name Northbrook is derived from a tithing of the local parish.
The holders of the barony descend from Francis Baring, whose father had emigrated to Great Britain
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
from Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
. Francis was the founder of the family firm that grew into Barings Bank
Barings Bank
Barings Bank was the oldest merchant bank in London until its collapse in 1995 after one of the bank's employees, Nick Leeson, lost £827 million due to speculative investing, primarily in futures contracts, at the bank's Singapore office.-History:-1762–1890:Barings Bank was founded in 1762 as the...
. The firm increased in wealth and influence to the point that, on 29 May 1793, Francis was created a Baronet, of Larkbeer in the County of Devon, in the Baronetage of Great Britain. His eldest son Thomas
Sir Thomas Baring, 2nd Baronet
Sir Thomas Baring, 2nd Baronet , was a British banker and MP.He was the eldest son of Sir Francis Baring, 1st Baronet, founder of Barings Bank. His grandfather John Baring had emigrated from Germany and established the family in England. Thomas became a partner in Baring Brothers & Co. in 1804,...
became the second Baronet, also representing Chipping Wycombe and Hampshire
Hampshire (UK Parliament constituency)
Hampshire was a county constituency of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which returned two Knights of the Shire to the House of Commons from 1295 until 1832...
in the House of Commons
British House of Commons
The House of Commons is the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which also comprises the Sovereign and the House of Lords . Both Commons and Lords meet in the Palace of Westminster. The Commons is a democratically elected body, consisting of 650 members , who are known as Members...
. Sir Thomas was succeeded by his eldest son Francis
Francis Baring, 1st Baron Northbrook
Francis Thornhill Baring, 1st Baron Northbrook PC , known as Sir Francis Baring, Bt, from 1848 to 1866, was a British Whig politician who served in the governments of Lord Melbourne and Lord John Russell....
, third Baronet. Sir Francis held office as Chancellor of the Exchequer
Chancellor of the Exchequer
The Chancellor of the Exchequer is the title held by the British Cabinet minister who is responsible for all economic and financial matters. Often simply called the Chancellor, the office-holder controls HM Treasury and plays a role akin to the posts of Minister of Finance or Secretary of the...
and First Lord of the Admiralty. In 1866 he was raised to the Peerage of the United Kingdom
Peerage of the United Kingdom
The Peerage of the United Kingdom comprises most peerages created in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland after the Act of Union in 1801, when it replaced the Peerage of Great Britain...
as Baron Northbrook, of Stratton in the County of Southampton.
Lord Northbrook's eldest son Thomas, the second Baron, was Viceroy of India from 1872 to 1876. In that year he was created Viscount Baring, of Lee in the County of Kent, and Earl of Northbrook, in the County of Southampton. Both titles were in the Peerage of the United Kingdom
Peerage of the United Kingdom
The Peerage of the United Kingdom comprises most peerages created in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland after the Act of Union in 1801, when it replaced the Peerage of Great Britain...
. On his death, the titles passed to his eldest son Francis George, second Earl. He sat as a Member of Parliament for Winchester and Biggleswade
Biggleswade (UK Parliament constituency)
Biggleswade was a county constituency in Bedfordshire which was represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1885 until its abolition in 1918...
. The second Lord Northbrook was childless and, on his death in 1929, the viscountcy and earldom became extinct. He was succeeded in the baronetcy and barony by his first cousin Francis Arthur, who became the fourth Baron Northbrook. Francis Arthur was the son of the Hon. Francis Baring (1850–1915), third son of the first Baron and a partner in Barings Bank
Barings Bank
Barings Bank was the oldest merchant bank in London until its collapse in 1995 after one of the bank's employees, Nick Leeson, lost £827 million due to speculative investing, primarily in futures contracts, at the bank's Singapore office.-History:-1762–1890:Barings Bank was founded in 1762 as the...
.
the titles are held by the fourth Baron's grandson, the sixth Baron, who succeeded his father in 1990. Lord Northbrook is one of the ninety elected hereditary peer
Hereditary peer
Hereditary peers form part of the Peerage in the United Kingdom. There are over seven hundred peers who hold titles that may be inherited. Formerly, most of them were entitled to sit in the House of Lords, but since the House of Lords Act 1999 only ninety-two are permitted to do so...
s who remain in the House of Lords
House of Lords
The House of Lords is the upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Like the House of Commons, it meets in the Palace of Westminster....
after the passing of the House of Lords Act 1999
House of Lords Act 1999
The House of Lords Act 1999 was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that was given Royal Assent on 11 November 1999. The Act reformed the House of Lords, one of the chambers of Parliament. For centuries, the House of Lords had included several hundred members who inherited their seats;...
, and sits on the Conservative
Conservative Party (UK)
The Conservative Party, formally the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom that adheres to the philosophies of conservatism and British unionism. It is the largest political party in the UK, and is currently the largest single party in the House...
benches.
The Baring family is one of the most ennobled in the United Kingdom
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
and numerous other members of the family have gained distinction. The first Baron Northbrook's uncle (his father's next youngest brother) was Alexander Baring, 1st Baron Ashburton
Alexander Baring, 1st Baron Ashburton
Alexander Baring, 1st Baron Ashburton PC was a British politician and financier.-Background:Baring was the second son of Sir Francis Baring, 1st Baronet, and of Harriet, daughter of William Herring...
, two of his first cousins (both sons of Henry Baring, his father's next youngest brother after Lord Ashburton) were Edward Baring, 1st Baron Revelstoke
Edward Baring, 1st Baron Revelstoke
Edward Charles Baring, 1st Baron Revelstoke , was a British banker.-Biography:A member of the famous Baring banking family, "Ned" Baring was the second son of Henry Baring from his second marriage, to Cecilia Anne . Sir Francis Baring, 1st Baronet, was his grandfather and Evelyn Baring, 1st Earl of...
and Evelyn Baring, 1st Earl of Cromer
Evelyn Baring, 1st Earl of Cromer
Evelyn Baring, 1st Earl of Cromer, GCB, OM, GCMG, KCSI, CIE, PC, FRS , was a British statesman, diplomat and colonial administrator....
, and one of his first cousins once removed (third son of Lord Cromer) was Evelyn Baring, 1st Baron Howick of Glendale
Evelyn Baring, 1st Baron Howick of Glendale
Evelyn Baring, 1st Baron Howick of Glendale, KG, GCMG, KCVO was Governor of Southern Rhodesia from 1942 to 1944 and Governor of Kenya from 1952 to 1959....
. Also, the Right Reverend Charles Baring
Charles Baring
Charles Thomas Baring was an English bishop, noted as an Evangelical.-Life:He became a bishop at a period when Lord Palmerston, influenced by Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 7th Earl of Shaftesbury, was promoting Evangelicals....
, Bishop of Durham, was his younger brother. The Bishop's son Thomas was a banker and Conservative politician.
Baring Baronets, of Larkbeer (1793)
- Sir Francis Baring, 1st Baronet (1740–1810)
- Sir Thomas Baring, 2nd BaronetSir Thomas Baring, 2nd BaronetSir Thomas Baring, 2nd Baronet , was a British banker and MP.He was the eldest son of Sir Francis Baring, 1st Baronet, founder of Barings Bank. His grandfather John Baring had emigrated from Germany and established the family in England. Thomas became a partner in Baring Brothers & Co. in 1804,...
(1772–1848) - Sir Francis Thornhill Baring, 3rd BaronetFrancis Baring, 1st Baron NorthbrookFrancis Thornhill Baring, 1st Baron Northbrook PC , known as Sir Francis Baring, Bt, from 1848 to 1866, was a British Whig politician who served in the governments of Lord Melbourne and Lord John Russell....
(1796–1866) (created Baron Northbrook in 1866)
Barons Northbrook (1866)
- Francis Thornhill Baring, 1st Baron NorthbrookFrancis Baring, 1st Baron NorthbrookFrancis Thornhill Baring, 1st Baron Northbrook PC , known as Sir Francis Baring, Bt, from 1848 to 1866, was a British Whig politician who served in the governments of Lord Melbourne and Lord John Russell....
(1796–1866) - Thomas George Baring, 2nd Baron NorthbrookThomas Baring, 1st Earl of NorthbrookThomas George Baring, 1st Earl of Northbrook PC, GCSI, FRS , was a British Liberal politician and statesman...
(1826–1904) (created Earl of Northbrook in 1876)
Earls of Northbrook (1876)
- Thomas George Baring, 1st Earl of NorthbrookThomas Baring, 1st Earl of NorthbrookThomas George Baring, 1st Earl of Northbrook PC, GCSI, FRS , was a British Liberal politician and statesman...
(1826–1904) - Francis George Baring, 2nd Earl of NorthbrookFrancis Baring, 2nd Earl of NorthbrookFrancis George Baring, 2nd Earl of Northbrook , styled Viscount Baring from 1876 to 1904, was a British politician....
(1850–1929)
Barons Northbrook (1866; Reverted)
- Francis Arthur Baring, 4th Baron Northbrook (1882–1947)
- Francis John Baring, 5th Baron Northbrook (1915–1990)
- Francis Thomas Baring, 6th Baron NorthbrookFrancis Baring, 6th Baron NorthbrookFrancis Thomas Baring, 6th Baron Northbrook , is a British peer and Conservative politician.The son of Francis John Baring, 5th Baron Northbrook and Rowena Margaret Manning, Northbrook was educated at Winchester College and took a BA in History at Bristol University. He became a Trainee Chartered...
(b. 1954)
There is no heir to the barony. The heir presumptive
Heir Presumptive
An heir presumptive or heiress presumptive is the person provisionally scheduled to inherit a throne, peerage, or other hereditary honour, but whose position can be displaced by the birth of an heir or heiress apparent or of a new heir presumptive with a better claim to the position in question...
to the baronetcy is the present holder's fourth cousin, Peter Baring (b. 1939). He is a great-great-grandson of the Right Reverend Charles Baring, younger son of the second Baronet.
The heir presumptive's heir apparent
Heir apparent
An heir apparent or heiress apparent is a person who is first in line of succession and cannot be displaced from inheriting, except by a change in the rules of succession....
is his son Samuel Nigel Baring (b. 1987)
See also
- Northbrook HallNorthbrook HallNorthbrook Hall also known as “Lalkuthi” or red house because of its deep red colour, was originally built as a town hall during the British period...
- Baron AshburtonBaron AshburtonBaron Ashburton, of Ashburton in the County of Devon, is a title that has been created twice, once in the Peerage of Great Britain and once in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.-History:...
- Earl of CromerEarl of CromerEarl of Cromer is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1901 for Evelyn Baring, 1st Viscount Cromer, the long-time British Consul-General in Egypt...
- Baron RevelstokeBaron RevelstokeBaron Revelstoke, of Membland in the County of Devon, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1885 for the businessman Edward Baring, head of the family firm of Barings Bank...
- Baron Howick of GlendaleBaron Howick of GlendaleBaron Howick of Glendale, of Howick in the County of Northumberland, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1960 for Sir Evelyn Baring, the former Governor of Kenya. A member of the famous Baring family, he was the third and youngest son of Evelyn Baring, 1st Earl of...