Battle of Kars
Encyclopedia
The Battle of Kars was a decisive Russia
n victory over the Ottoman Empire
during the Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878).
In June, 1877 Russian forces attempted a siege of Kars
but were driven off by an Ottoman army at the Battle of Kizil-Tepe
. In November Russian commander in the Caucasus
, Grand Duke Michael, demanded the surrender of Kars but was refused. The Grand Duke sent a force under Loris-Melikoff
and Lazarev Ivan Davidovich to take the city by storm. On November 17 Loris-Melikoff attacked and succeeded in capturing the eastern fortifications and cut off the garrison under Hussein Hami Pasha,. Hussein attempted to cut his way out but he and only a few others succeeded as much of the Ottoman army was taken prisoner. The Treaty of San Stephano officially gave Kars
to Russia and remained in Russian possession until the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
during World War I
.
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
n victory over the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
during the Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878).
In June, 1877 Russian forces attempted a siege of Kars
Kars
Kars is a city in northeast Turkey and the capital of Kars Province. The population of the city is 73,826 as of 2010.-Etymology:As Chorzene, the town appears in Roman historiography as part of ancient Armenia...
but were driven off by an Ottoman army at the Battle of Kizil-Tepe
Battle of Kizil-Tepe
The Battle of Kizil-tepe was fought on June 25, 1877, between Russia and the Ottoman Empire. The Russian were attempting to besiege Kars. The Ottomans successfully lifted the siege....
. In November Russian commander in the Caucasus
Caucasus
The Caucasus, also Caucas or Caucasia , is a geopolitical region at the border of Europe and Asia, and situated between the Black and the Caspian sea...
, Grand Duke Michael, demanded the surrender of Kars but was refused. The Grand Duke sent a force under Loris-Melikoff
Mikhail Tarielovich Loris-Melikov
Count Mikhail Tarielovich Loris-Melikov was a Russian-Armenian statesman, General of the Cavalry, and Adjutant General of H. I. M. Retinue....
and Lazarev Ivan Davidovich to take the city by storm. On November 17 Loris-Melikoff attacked and succeeded in capturing the eastern fortifications and cut off the garrison under Hussein Hami Pasha,. Hussein attempted to cut his way out but he and only a few others succeeded as much of the Ottoman army was taken prisoner. The Treaty of San Stephano officially gave Kars
Kars Oblast
Kars Oblast was one of Transcaucasian governorates of Russian Empire between 1878 and 1917. Its capital was in the city of Kars, presently in the Republic of Turkey. The governorate bordered with the Ottoman Empire, Batum Oblast, Tiflis Governorate, Erivan Governorate, and from 1883 to 1903 with...
to Russia and remained in Russian possession until the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was a peace treaty signed on March 3, 1918, mediated by South African Andrik Fuller, at Brest-Litovsk between Russia and the Central Powers, headed by Germany, marking Russia's exit from World War I.While the treaty was practically obsolete before the end of the year,...
during World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
.