.gif)
Battle of San Juan (1595)
Encyclopedia
The Battle of San Juan (1595) was a Spanish victory during the Anglo–Spanish War. This war broke out in 1585 and was fought not only in the European theatre but in Spain's American colonies.
in 1589, Francis Drake
embarked on a long and disastrous campaign against Hispanic America
, suffering several consecutive defeats there. On 22 November 1595 Drake and John Hawkins
tried to invade San Juan with 27 ships and 2,500 men. After failing to be able to land at the Ensenada del Escambron on the eastern end of San Juan Islet, he attempted to sail into San Juan
bay with the intention of sacking the city.
Unable to capture the island, following the death of his comrade, John Hawkins, Drake abandoned San Juan, and set sail for Portobello where he died from disease and received a burial at sea.
.
Drake, in mid-January 1596 (aged 56), was diagnosed with the dystentry that killed him on the 28th January that year - this was most likely caught during the Puerto Rico campaign, since during the second attack on Puerto Rico an outbreak of dysentry killed 400 English soldiers, forcing George Clifford
to abandon plans to make San Juan a permanent English base in the Antilles
.
Course
After emerging from six years of disgrace following the resounding defeat of the English Armada at LisbonLisbon
Lisbon is the capital city and largest city of Portugal with a population of 545,245 within its administrative limits on a land area of . The urban area of Lisbon extends beyond the administrative city limits with a population of 3 million on an area of , making it the 9th most populous urban...
in 1589, Francis Drake
Francis Drake
Sir Francis Drake, Vice Admiral was an English sea captain, privateer, navigator, slaver, and politician of the Elizabethan era. Elizabeth I of England awarded Drake a knighthood in 1581. He was second-in-command of the English fleet against the Spanish Armada in 1588. He also carried out the...
embarked on a long and disastrous campaign against Hispanic America
Hispanic America
Hispanic America or Spanish America is the region comprising the American countries inhabited by Spanish-speaking populations.These countries have significant commonalities with each other and with Spain, whose colonies they formerly were...
, suffering several consecutive defeats there. On 22 November 1595 Drake and John Hawkins
John Hawkins
Admiral Sir John Hawkins was an English shipbuilder, naval administrator and commander, merchant, navigator, and slave trader. As treasurer and controller of the Royal Navy, he rebuilt older ships and helped design the faster ships that withstood the Spanish Armada in 1588...
tried to invade San Juan with 27 ships and 2,500 men. After failing to be able to land at the Ensenada del Escambron on the eastern end of San Juan Islet, he attempted to sail into San Juan
San Juan, Puerto Rico
San Juan , officially Municipio de la Ciudad Capital San Juan Bautista , is the capital and most populous municipality in Puerto Rico, an unincorporated territory of the United States. As of the 2010 census, it had a population of 395,326 making it the 46th-largest city under the jurisdiction of...
bay with the intention of sacking the city.
Unable to capture the island, following the death of his comrade, John Hawkins, Drake abandoned San Juan, and set sail for Portobello where he died from disease and received a burial at sea.
Results
This and a series of other English defeats facilitated Spanish hegemony over its overseas colonial empire and the Caribbean SeaCaribbean Sea
The Caribbean Sea is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean located in the tropics of the Western hemisphere. It is bounded by Mexico and Central America to the west and southwest, to the north by the Greater Antilles, and to the east by the Lesser Antilles....
.
Drake, in mid-January 1596 (aged 56), was diagnosed with the dystentry that killed him on the 28th January that year - this was most likely caught during the Puerto Rico campaign, since during the second attack on Puerto Rico an outbreak of dysentry killed 400 English soldiers, forcing George Clifford
George Clifford, 3rd Earl of Cumberland
Sir George Clifford, 3rd Earl of Cumberland, KG was an English peer, as well as a naval commander and courtier in the court of Queen Elizabeth I.-Background:...
to abandon plans to make San Juan a permanent English base in the Antilles
Antilles
The Antilles islands form the greater part of the West Indies in the Caribbean Sea. The Antilles are divided into two major groups: the "Greater Antilles" to the north and west, including the larger islands of Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola , and Puerto Rico; and the smaller "Lesser Antilles" on the...
.