Battles of Lang Son and the Red River Valley
Encyclopedia
The Battle of Lang Son and the Battle of the Red River Valley were two battles fought by the Ming Dynasty
armies trying to relieve Đông Quan from siege
by Annamese forces led by independence leader Le Loi. When both battles ensued, the rebels prevailed over the Chinese armies and General Liu Shan was executed.
through the Lang Son pass; the other, 50,000 strong, was led by Moc Thanh
via the Red River valley. The Vietnamese command decided to destroy the more important army. Lieu Thang's troops, overconfident about their strength, were ambushed and routed at the Chi Lang Defile. The commander was killed and several generals captured together with 30,000 men.
, who was besieged in the capital, was forced to sue for peace. His request was granted by Le Loi, who gave the Ming troops the necessary food supplies and means of transport to get home. It was December 29, 1427.
Ming Dynasty
The Ming Dynasty, also Empire of the Great Ming, was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644, following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan Dynasty. The Ming, "one of the greatest eras of orderly government and social stability in human history", was the last dynasty in China ruled by ethnic...
armies trying to relieve Đông Quan from siege
Siege of Đông Quan
The Siege of Đông Quan was a siege of the Ming Dynasty city of Đông Quan by Annamese rebels led by Le Loi. Đông Quan was besieged for every year that the war raged. Le Loi's first siege attempt came at the Battle of Thanh Hoa, where he defeated the enemy. The Battles of the Ma River were also...
by Annamese forces led by independence leader Le Loi. When both battles ensued, the rebels prevailed over the Chinese armies and General Liu Shan was executed.
Battle of Lang Son
In October 1427, Ming reinforcements came in two columns: one was 100,000 strong and led by Lieu ThangLiu Shan (Ming Dynasty)
Liu Shan , died 1427, was a general of the Ming Dynasty era of Chinese History. The Emperor of China called upon him to lead a massive army to crush the Lam Sơn uprising in Vietnam, led by the landowner Le Loi. After the defeat of the Chinese armed forces at the Battle of Tot Dong, he took command...
through the Lang Son pass; the other, 50,000 strong, was led by Moc Thanh
Shangwu Bu Qing
Shāngwù Bù Qīng , known in Vietnamese as Moc Thanh, was a general of the Ming Dynasty era of Chinese History. First, he was assigned to defeating the Lam Sơn uprising led by Le Loi. Shāngwù served as the secondary unit aiding the Chinese Army of Liu Shan during the twin battles of Lang Son and the...
via the Red River valley. The Vietnamese command decided to destroy the more important army. Lieu Thang's troops, overconfident about their strength, were ambushed and routed at the Chi Lang Defile. The commander was killed and several generals captured together with 30,000 men.
Battle of the Red River Valley
The other Ming column was filled with panic on hearing of the disaster at Lang Son and fled in disorder, pursued by Le Loi's troops.Aftermath
After the destruction of these reinforcements, General Wang TongWang Tong (Ming Dynasty)
Wang Tong was a general of the Ming Dynasty of China during the 15th Century. In 1426, Wang Tong was dispatched with 100,000 troops to invade Annam and crush the Lam Sơn uprising. At the Battle of Tot Dong, his force was surprisingly crushed by the rebels under Le Loi...
, who was besieged in the capital, was forced to sue for peace. His request was granted by Le Loi, who gave the Ming troops the necessary food supplies and means of transport to get home. It was December 29, 1427.