Bayana
Encyclopedia
Bayana is a historical town in Bharatpur district
of Rajasthan
in India
. It is a historical city founded by Banasur, who was an Asura
. He lived during the time of Krishna
. His daughter Usha was married to Anirudh (grandson of Shri Krishna after a long battle).
.
Bayana is located at 26.9°N 77.28°E. It has an average elevation of 196 metres (643 feet).
Banasur was king of Bayana city. Name of his daughter was Usa . Veer gurjar's were ruler kingdom of Bayana samraaj from 900-1250.
, Bayana had a population of 33,504. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Bayana has an average literacy rate of 64%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; with 63% of the males and 37% of females literate. 17% of the population is under 6 years of age.
It is a curious mixture of Hindu
and Mohammad relics. Ruled by stalwarts like Muhammad Ghori, Sikandar Lodhi
and Humayun
, Bayana held a special place in history. According to Abul Fazal
: "this town is the burial place of many illustrious men". It can be adjudged that various important battles were fought here. Akbarnama
mention that in former times Bayana was the capital of a province of which Agra
was merely a dependent village.
Before the main Battle of Khanua, in 1527. Rana Sanga
and Hasan Khan Mewati had initial success here. Many generals and soldiers of Babur were killed here. The graves of these generals still present in Bayana. It was here that Babur
renounced alcohol. A mosque named "Talaqani Masjid" is still present to commemorate this event. Babur also constructed "Jhajhri" here. Which is present until now. Bayana is about 35 kilometres from Khanwa
and about 46 km from Fatehpur Sikri
.
Bayana is famous for Bijaigarh (Vijaygarh) fort, which was built by Jadon
Raja Bijai Pal in 1040 A.D. The Bijaigarh fort contains several old temples and a red sandstone
pillar bearing an inscription of Vishnuvardhan, a feudatory of Samudragupta
. The fort was described as one of the most famous forts in India by Babur
himself. Besides this, there is a monolithic sandstone pillar, a combination of Hindu and Muslim styles, which bears many inscriptions.
Another important place is Temple of Usha, which was built during the reign of Raja Laxman Sen, (Laxman was father of Vazradama the kachawaha king of Gwalior) by his wife. Usha loved and married Aniruddh after a long battle. This is the only temple in India dedicated to Usha.
There is a Fort At Arwali Mounten at village Sikndra 5 K.M.From bayana
Bharatpur district
Bharatpur District is a district of Rajasthan state in western India. The town of Bharatpur is the district headquarters.-History:When Bharatpur was a princely state, it was the only political entity ever to have a Chartreuse colored flag.-Demographics:...
of Rajasthan
Rajasthan
Rājasthān the land of Rajasthanis, , is the largest state of the Republic of India by area. It is located in the northwest of India. It encompasses most of the area of the large, inhospitable Great Indian Desert , which has an edge paralleling the Sutlej-Indus river valley along its border with...
in India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
. It is a historical city founded by Banasur, who was an Asura
Asura
-In Hinduism:In Hinduism, the Asuras constitute a group of power-seeking deities, sometimes considered sinful and materialistic. The Daityas and Danavas were combinedly known as Asuras. The Asura were opposed to the Devas. Both groups are children of Kasyapa...
. He lived during the time of Krishna
Krishna
Krishna is a central figure of Hinduism and is traditionally attributed the authorship of the Bhagavad Gita. He is the supreme Being and considered in some monotheistic traditions as an Avatar of Vishnu...
. His daughter Usha was married to Anirudh (grandson of Shri Krishna after a long battle).
Geography
Bayana is located in a small plain, between two hill ranges running more or less parallel to each other near the left bank of the Gambhir river, at a distance of 45 km southwest of BharatpurBharatpur, India
Bharatpur is a city in the Indian state of Rajasthan. It was founded by Maharaja Suraj Mal in 1733. Located in the Brij region, Bharatpur was once an impregnable, well-planned and well-fortified city, and the capital of Jat kingdom ruled by Sinsinwar Maharajas.The trio of Bharatpur, Deeg and...
.
Bayana is located at 26.9°N 77.28°E. It has an average elevation of 196 metres (643 feet).
Banasur was king of Bayana city. Name of his daughter was Usa . Veer gurjar's were ruler kingdom of Bayana samraaj from 900-1250.
Demographics
India censusCensus
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...
, Bayana had a population of 33,504. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Bayana has an average literacy rate of 64%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; with 63% of the males and 37% of females literate. 17% of the population is under 6 years of age.
History
The ancient name of Bayana was Sripatha or Sriprashtha or Shantipura. A big hoard of the ancient Indian coins were discovered in 1946 at the distance of 11 km from Bayana. In 372 AD, Vishnu Vardhana erected the sacrificial pillar in memory of pundarika sacrifice for prosperity. In 1046 AD Chittralekha, the queen of Mangalaraja (Mangalraja was Kachawaha king of Gwalior. He was son of Vazradama, who died in a battle with Mahmood of Gazni in 1000 AD.) Built the temple of Vishnu .It is a curious mixture of Hindu
Hindu
Hindu refers to an identity associated with the philosophical, religious and cultural systems that are indigenous to the Indian subcontinent. As used in the Constitution of India, the word "Hindu" is also attributed to all persons professing any Indian religion...
and Mohammad relics. Ruled by stalwarts like Muhammad Ghori, Sikandar Lodhi
Sikandar Lodhi
Sikandar Lodi , born Nizam Khan, was the second ruler of the Afghan Lodi Dynasty, who reigned over Sultanate of Delhi from 1489 to 1517.-Biography:...
and Humayun
Humayun
Nasir ud-din Muhammad Humayun was the second Mughal Emperor who ruled present day Afghanistan, Pakistan, and parts of northern India from 1530–1540 and again from 1555–1556. Like his father, Babur, he lost his kingdom early, but with Persian aid, he eventually regained an even larger one...
, Bayana held a special place in history. According to Abul Fazal
Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak
Shaikh Abu al-Fazl ibn Mubarak also known as Abu'l-Fazl, Abu'l Fadl and Abu'l-Fadl 'Allami was the vizier of the great Mughal emperor Akbar, and author of the Akbarnama, the official history of Akbar's reign in three volumes, and a Persian translation of the Bible...
: "this town is the burial place of many illustrious men". It can be adjudged that various important battles were fought here. Akbarnama
Akbarnama
The ' , which literally means Book of Akbar, is the official chronicle of the reign of Akbar, the third Mughal Emperor , commissioned by Akbar himself and written in Persian by his court historian and biographer, Abul Fazl who was one of the nine jewels in Akbar's court...
mention that in former times Bayana was the capital of a province of which Agra
Agra
Agra a.k.a. Akbarabad is a city on the banks of the river Yamuna in the northern state of Uttar Pradesh, India, west of state capital, Lucknow and south from national capital New Delhi. With a population of 1,686,976 , it is one of the most populous cities in Uttar Pradesh and the 19th most...
was merely a dependent village.
Before the main Battle of Khanua, in 1527. Rana Sanga
Rana Sanga
-Historical Fact:Maharana Sangram Singh was the ruler of Mewar state, a region lying within the present-day Indian state of Rajasthan, a desert region, between 1509 and 1527. He was a scion of the Sisodia clan of Suryavanshi Rajputs...
and Hasan Khan Mewati had initial success here. Many generals and soldiers of Babur were killed here. The graves of these generals still present in Bayana. It was here that Babur
Babur
Babur was a Muslim conqueror from Central Asia who, following a series of setbacks, finally succeeded in laying the basis for the Mughal dynasty of South Asia. He was a direct descendant of Timur through his father, and a descendant also of Genghis Khan through his mother...
renounced alcohol. A mosque named "Talaqani Masjid" is still present to commemorate this event. Babur also constructed "Jhajhri" here. Which is present until now. Bayana is about 35 kilometres from Khanwa
Khanwa
Khanwa is the name of a village lying about 60 km west of the city of Agra in India. It was the scene of a famous battle in the history of north India, and a few miles from Fatehpur Sikri.-History:...
and about 46 km from Fatehpur Sikri
Fatehpur Sikri
Fatehpur Sikri is a city and a municipal board in Agra district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. Built near the much older Sikri, the historical city of Fatehabad, as it was first named, was constructed by Mughal emperor Akbar beginning in 1570...
.
Bayana is famous for Bijaigarh (Vijaygarh) fort, which was built by Jadon
Jadon
Jadon is a Hebrew name meaning "thankful" or "he will judge". It appears in the Hebrew Bible or Old Testament as the name of Jadon the Meronothite, one of the builders of the wall of Jerusalem in the Book of Nehemiah .-The prophet Jadon:According to Flavius Josephus, Jadon is the name of a minor...
Raja Bijai Pal in 1040 A.D. The Bijaigarh fort contains several old temples and a red sandstone
Sandstone
Sandstone is a sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-sized minerals or rock grains.Most sandstone is composed of quartz and/or feldspar because these are the most common minerals in the Earth's crust. Like sand, sandstone may be any colour, but the most common colours are tan, brown, yellow,...
pillar bearing an inscription of Vishnuvardhan, a feudatory of Samudragupta
Samudragupta
Samudragupta , ruler of the Gupta Empire , and successor to Chandragupta I, is considered to be one of the greatest military geniuses in Indian history according to Historian V. A. Smith. His name is taken to be a title acquired by his conquests...
. The fort was described as one of the most famous forts in India by Babur
Babur
Babur was a Muslim conqueror from Central Asia who, following a series of setbacks, finally succeeded in laying the basis for the Mughal dynasty of South Asia. He was a direct descendant of Timur through his father, and a descendant also of Genghis Khan through his mother...
himself. Besides this, there is a monolithic sandstone pillar, a combination of Hindu and Muslim styles, which bears many inscriptions.
Another important place is Temple of Usha, which was built during the reign of Raja Laxman Sen, (Laxman was father of Vazradama the kachawaha king of Gwalior) by his wife. Usha loved and married Aniruddh after a long battle. This is the only temple in India dedicated to Usha.
There is a Fort At Arwali Mounten at village Sikndra 5 K.M.From bayana