Bedigliora
Encyclopedia
Bedigliora is a municipality
in the district of Lugano
in the canton
of Ticino
in Switzerland
.
During the mid-19th Century tombs from the Iron Age
, and a stele
with northern Etruscan
inscriptions was discovered in Banco. In 1913, a Neolithic
era ax was found. A domed grave has also been discovered on Monte Bedeglia. In the Middle Ages
Bedigliora and Banco formed, together with Curio and Novaggio, a Kastlanei.
The provost
's Church of St. Roch was consecrated in 1644 and was built over an older chapel. The church of San Salvatore in Banco goes back to the Middle Ages and was formerly religious and secular center of the Kastlanei. In 1612, Bedigliora became the seat of the parish
.
The temporary emigration of earlier centuries has been replaced by a largely commuting population. In 1990, about two-thirds of the population commuted, mostly to Lugano.
Bedigliora has a primary and a middle school.
Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 8.5% and transportation infrastructure made up 3.6%. Out of the forested land, 69.8% of the total land area is heavily forested and 7.3% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 8.5% is used for growing crops and 8.5% is used for alpine pastures.
The municipality is located in the Lugano district, on the southern slope of Monte Bedeglia in the mid-Malcantone valley. It consists of the village of Bedigliora and the hamlets
of Nerocco, Beride and Banco.
of the municipal coat of arms
is Per pale gules a nail argent and or an owl sable. Both the nail and the owl refer to the nicknames of the settlements of Bedigliora and Banco, respectively."
Most of the population speaks Italian
(85.2%), with German
being second most common (10.2%) and French
being third (1.9%). Of the Swiss national languages , 55 speak German
, 10 people speak French
, 460 people speak Italian
, and 1 person speaks Romansh. The remainder (14 people) speak another language.
, the gender distribution of the population was 47.6% male and 52.4% female. The population was made up of 278 Swiss men (42.6% of the population), and 33 (5.1%) non-Swiss men. There were 318 Swiss women (48.7%), and 24 (3.7%) non-Swiss women.
In there were 2 live births to Swiss citizens, 3 deaths of Swiss citizens and 1 non-Swiss citizen death. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens decreased by 1 while the foreign population decreased by 1. There was 1 non-Swiss man who emigrated from Switzerland to another country. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources, including moves across municipal borders) was an increase of 5 and the non-Swiss population change was a decrease of 3 people. This represents a population growth rate of 0.3%.
The age distribution, , in Bedigliora is; 62 children or 9.5% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 90 teenagers or 13.8% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 61 people or 9.3% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 75 people or 11.5% are between 30 and 39, 139 people or 21.3% are between 40 and 49, and 93 people or 14.2% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 60 people or 9.2% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 40 people or 6.1% are between 70 and 79, there are 33 people or 5.1% who are over 80.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.55 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.6 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 57.8% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 233 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.3 persons per household. there were 201 single family homes (or 74.7% of the total) out of a total of 269 inhabited buildings. There were 41 two family buildings (15.2%) and 17 multi-family buildings (6.3%). There were also 10 buildings in the municipality that were multipurpose buildings (used for both housing and commercial or another purpose).
The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 0%. there were 347 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was the 5 room apartment of which there were 125. There were 18 single room apartments and 125 apartments with five or more rooms. Of these apartments, a total of 232 apartments (66.9% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 110 apartments (31.7%) were seasonally occupied and 5 apartments (1.4%) were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 8 new units per 1000 residents.
The historical population is given in the following table:
the most popular party was the CVP
which received 24.15% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SP
(23.75%), the FDP
(21.5%) and the Ticino League
(14.9%). In the federal election, a total of 170 votes were cast, and the voter turnout
was 36.3%.
In the Gran Consiglio election, there were a total of 470 registered voters in Bedigliora, of which 249 or 53.0% voted. 2 blank ballots were cast, leaving 247 valid ballots in the election. The most popular party was the PLRT
which received 56 or 22.7% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the PLRT
(with 56 or 22.7%), the PPD
+GenGiova (with 45 or 18.2%) and the LEGA
(with 31 or 12.6%).
In the Consiglio di Stato election, 1 blank ballot was cast, leaving 249 valid ballots in the election. The most popular party was the PS which received 63 or 25.3% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the LEGA (with 54 or 21.7%), the PLRT (with 49 or 19.7%) and the PPD (with 41 or 16.5%).
, there were 55 workers who commuted into the municipality and 175 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 3.2 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. About 7.3% of the workforce coming into Bedigliora are coming from outside Switzerland. Of the working population, 6.6% used public transportation to get to work, and 63.6% used a private car.
. There are 66 individuals (or about 12.22% of the population) who belong to another church (not listed on the census), and 29 individuals (or about 5.37% of the population) did not answer the question.
).
In Bedigliora there were a total of 136 students . The Ticino education system
provides up to three years of non-mandatory kindergarten
and in Bedigliora there were 22 children in kindergarten. The primary school program lasts for five years and includes both a standard school and a special school. In the municipality, 35 students attended the standard primary schools and 2 students attended the special school. In the lower secondary school system, students either attend a two year middle school followed by a two year pre-apprenticeship or they attend a four year program to prepare for higher education. There were 42 students in the two year middle school and 1 in their pre-apprenticeship, while 11 students were in the four year advanced program.
The upper secondary school includes several options, but at the end of the upper secondary program, a student will be prepared to enter a trade or to continue on to a university or college. In Ticino, vocational students may either attend school while working on their internship or apprenticeship (which takes three or four years) or may attend school followed by an internship or apprenticeship (which takes one year as a full-time student or one and a half to two years as a part-time student). There were 7 vocational students who were attending school full-time and 15 who attend part-time.
The professional program lasts three years and prepares a student for a job in engineering, nursing, computer science, business, tourism and similar fields. There was 1 student in the professional program.
, there were 310 students in Bedigliora who came from another municipality, while 21 residents attended schools outside the municipality.
Municipalities of Switzerland
Communes , also known as municipalities, are the smallest government division in Switzerland, numbering 2,596 . While many have a population of a few hundred citizens, the largest cities such as Zürich or Geneva also have the legal status of municipalities...
in the district of Lugano
Lugano (district)
The district of Lugano is a district of Canton Ticino, Switzerland. It has a population of .-Geography:The Lugano District has an area, , of . Of this area, or 15.7% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 66.5% is forested...
in the canton
Cantons of Switzerland
The 26 cantons of Switzerland are the member states of the federal state of Switzerland. Each canton was a fully sovereign state with its own borders, army and currency from the Treaty of Westphalia until the establishment of the Swiss federal state in 1848...
of Ticino
Ticino
Canton Ticino or Ticino is the southernmost canton of Switzerland. Named after the Ticino river, it is the only canton in which Italian is the sole official language...
in Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
.
History
Bedigliora is first mentioned in 1335 as Bedaliola. The settlement of Banco is first mentioned as Bango in 1421.During the mid-19th Century tombs from the Iron Age
Iron Age
The Iron Age is the archaeological period generally occurring after the Bronze Age, marked by the prevalent use of iron. The early period of the age is characterized by the widespread use of iron or steel. The adoption of such material coincided with other changes in society, including differing...
, and a stele
Stele
A stele , also stela , is a stone or wooden slab, generally taller than it is wide, erected for funerals or commemorative purposes, most usually decorated with the names and titles of the deceased or living — inscribed, carved in relief , or painted onto the slab...
with northern Etruscan
Etruscan language
The Etruscan language was spoken and written by the Etruscan civilization, in what is present-day Italy, in the ancient region of Etruria and in parts of Lombardy, Veneto, and Emilia-Romagna...
inscriptions was discovered in Banco. In 1913, a Neolithic
Neolithic
The Neolithic Age, Era, or Period, or New Stone Age, was a period in the development of human technology, beginning about 9500 BC in some parts of the Middle East, and later in other parts of the world. It is traditionally considered as the last part of the Stone Age...
era ax was found. A domed grave has also been discovered on Monte Bedeglia. In the Middle Ages
Middle Ages
The Middle Ages is a periodization of European history from the 5th century to the 15th century. The Middle Ages follows the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 and precedes the Early Modern Era. It is the middle period of a three-period division of Western history: Classic, Medieval and Modern...
Bedigliora and Banco formed, together with Curio and Novaggio, a Kastlanei.
The provost
Provost (religion)
A provost is a senior official in a number of Christian churches.-Historical Development:The word praepositus was originally applied to any ecclesiastical ruler or dignitary...
's Church of St. Roch was consecrated in 1644 and was built over an older chapel. The church of San Salvatore in Banco goes back to the Middle Ages and was formerly religious and secular center of the Kastlanei. In 1612, Bedigliora became the seat of the parish
Parish
A parish is a territorial unit historically under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of one parish priest, who might be assisted in his pastoral duties by a curate or curates - also priests but not the parish priest - from a more or less central parish church with its associated organization...
.
The temporary emigration of earlier centuries has been replaced by a largely commuting population. In 1990, about two-thirds of the population commuted, mostly to Lugano.
Bedigliora has a primary and a middle school.
Geography
Bedigliora has an area, , of 2.48 square kilometre (0.957533353309487 sq mi). Of this area, 0.44 km² (0.169884949780715 sq mi) or 17.7% is used for agricultural purposes, while 1.91 km² (0.737455122911742 sq mi) or 77.0% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.33 km² (0.127413712335537 sq mi) or 13.3% is settled (buildings or roads).Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 8.5% and transportation infrastructure made up 3.6%. Out of the forested land, 69.8% of the total land area is heavily forested and 7.3% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 8.5% is used for growing crops and 8.5% is used for alpine pastures.
The municipality is located in the Lugano district, on the southern slope of Monte Bedeglia in the mid-Malcantone valley. It consists of the village of Bedigliora and the hamlets
Hamlet (place)
A hamlet is usually a rural settlement which is too small to be considered a village, though sometimes the word is used for a different sort of community. Historically, when a hamlet became large enough to justify building a church, it was then classified as a village...
of Nerocco, Beride and Banco.
Coat of arms
The blazonBlazon
In heraldry and heraldic vexillology, a blazon is a formal description of a coat of arms, flag or similar emblem, from which the reader can reconstruct the appropriate image...
of the municipal coat of arms
Coat of arms
A coat of arms is a unique heraldic design on a shield or escutcheon or on a surcoat or tabard used to cover and protect armour and to identify the wearer. Thus the term is often stated as "coat-armour", because it was anciently displayed on the front of a coat of cloth...
is Per pale gules a nail argent and or an owl sable. Both the nail and the owl refer to the nicknames of the settlements of Bedigliora and Banco, respectively."
Demographics
Bedigliora has a population of . , 9.1% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1997–2007) the population has changed at a rate of 17.5%.Most of the population speaks Italian
Italian language
Italian is a Romance language spoken mainly in Europe: Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City, by minorities in Malta, Monaco, Croatia, Slovenia, France, Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, and by immigrant communities in the Americas and Australia...
(85.2%), with German
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
being second most common (10.2%) and French
French language
French is a Romance language spoken as a first language in France, the Romandy region in Switzerland, Wallonia and Brussels in Belgium, Monaco, the regions of Quebec and Acadia in Canada, and by various communities elsewhere. Second-language speakers of French are distributed throughout many parts...
being third (1.9%). Of the Swiss national languages , 55 speak German
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
, 10 people speak French
French language
French is a Romance language spoken as a first language in France, the Romandy region in Switzerland, Wallonia and Brussels in Belgium, Monaco, the regions of Quebec and Acadia in Canada, and by various communities elsewhere. Second-language speakers of French are distributed throughout many parts...
, 460 people speak Italian
Italian language
Italian is a Romance language spoken mainly in Europe: Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City, by minorities in Malta, Monaco, Croatia, Slovenia, France, Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, and by immigrant communities in the Americas and Australia...
, and 1 person speaks Romansh. The remainder (14 people) speak another language.
, the gender distribution of the population was 47.6% male and 52.4% female. The population was made up of 278 Swiss men (42.6% of the population), and 33 (5.1%) non-Swiss men. There were 318 Swiss women (48.7%), and 24 (3.7%) non-Swiss women.
In there were 2 live births to Swiss citizens, 3 deaths of Swiss citizens and 1 non-Swiss citizen death. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens decreased by 1 while the foreign population decreased by 1. There was 1 non-Swiss man who emigrated from Switzerland to another country. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources, including moves across municipal borders) was an increase of 5 and the non-Swiss population change was a decrease of 3 people. This represents a population growth rate of 0.3%.
The age distribution, , in Bedigliora is; 62 children or 9.5% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 90 teenagers or 13.8% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 61 people or 9.3% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 75 people or 11.5% are between 30 and 39, 139 people or 21.3% are between 40 and 49, and 93 people or 14.2% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 60 people or 9.2% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 40 people or 6.1% are between 70 and 79, there are 33 people or 5.1% who are over 80.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.55 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.6 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 57.8% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
Mortgage loan
A mortgage loan is a loan secured by real property through the use of a mortgage note which evidences the existence of the loan and the encumbrance of that realty through the granting of a mortgage which secures the loan...
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 233 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.3 persons per household. there were 201 single family homes (or 74.7% of the total) out of a total of 269 inhabited buildings. There were 41 two family buildings (15.2%) and 17 multi-family buildings (6.3%). There were also 10 buildings in the municipality that were multipurpose buildings (used for both housing and commercial or another purpose).
The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 0%. there were 347 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was the 5 room apartment of which there were 125. There were 18 single room apartments and 125 apartments with five or more rooms. Of these apartments, a total of 232 apartments (66.9% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 110 apartments (31.7%) were seasonally occupied and 5 apartments (1.4%) were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 8 new units per 1000 residents.
The historical population is given in the following table:
| year | population |
|---|---|
| 1591 | 420 |
| 1696 | 517 |
| 1801 | 500 |
| 1850 | 499 |
| 1900 | 495 |
| 1950 | 344 |
| 1960 | 314 |
| 1990 | 399 |
| 2000 | 540 |
Sights
The entire village of Bedigliora is designated as part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage SitesInventory of Swiss Heritage Sites
The Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites is part of a 1981 Ordinance of the Swiss Federal Council implementing the Federal Law on the Protection of Nature and Cultural Heritage.-Sites of national importance:-Types:...
Politics
In the 2007 federal electionSwiss federal election, 2007
Elections to the Swiss Federal Assembly, the federal parliament of Switzerland, were held on Sunday, 21 October 2007. In a few cantons, a second round of the elections to the Council of States was held on 11 November, 18 November, and 25 November 2007...
the most popular party was the CVP
Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland
The Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland is a Christian democratic political party in Switzerland. It is the fourth-largest party in the National Council, with 31 seats, and the largest in the Council of States, with 15 seats. It has one seat, that of Doris Leuthard, on the Swiss...
which received 24.15% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SP
Social Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Social Democratic Party of Switzerland is the largest centre-left political party in Switzerland....
(23.75%), the FDP
FDP.The Liberals
FDP.The Liberals is a classical liberal political party in Switzerland. It is the joint-largest party in the Federal Council, third-largest party in the National Council, and second-largest in the Council of States....
(21.5%) and the Ticino League
Ticino League
The Ticino League is an isolationist, national conservative political party in Switzerland active in the canton of Ticino.In 1991, after some public campaigning in the Sunday journal Mattino della Domenica against political power and use of public money, the editor Giuliano Bignasca and the...
(14.9%). In the federal election, a total of 170 votes were cast, and the voter turnout
Voter turnout
Voter turnout is the percentage of eligible voters who cast a ballot in an election . After increasing for many decades, there has been a trend of decreasing voter turnout in most established democracies since the 1960s...
was 36.3%.
In the Gran Consiglio election, there were a total of 470 registered voters in Bedigliora, of which 249 or 53.0% voted. 2 blank ballots were cast, leaving 247 valid ballots in the election. The most popular party was the PLRT
FDP.The Liberals
FDP.The Liberals is a classical liberal political party in Switzerland. It is the joint-largest party in the Federal Council, third-largest party in the National Council, and second-largest in the Council of States....
which received 56 or 22.7% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the PLRT
FDP.The Liberals
FDP.The Liberals is a classical liberal political party in Switzerland. It is the joint-largest party in the Federal Council, third-largest party in the National Council, and second-largest in the Council of States....
(with 56 or 22.7%), the PPD
Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland
The Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland is a Christian democratic political party in Switzerland. It is the fourth-largest party in the National Council, with 31 seats, and the largest in the Council of States, with 15 seats. It has one seat, that of Doris Leuthard, on the Swiss...
+GenGiova (with 45 or 18.2%) and the LEGA
Ticino League
The Ticino League is an isolationist, national conservative political party in Switzerland active in the canton of Ticino.In 1991, after some public campaigning in the Sunday journal Mattino della Domenica against political power and use of public money, the editor Giuliano Bignasca and the...
(with 31 or 12.6%).
In the Consiglio di Stato election, 1 blank ballot was cast, leaving 249 valid ballots in the election. The most popular party was the PS which received 63 or 25.3% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the LEGA (with 54 or 21.7%), the PLRT (with 49 or 19.7%) and the PPD (with 41 or 16.5%).
Economy
, Bedigliora had an unemployment rate of 3.31%. , there were 8 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 5 businesses involved in this sector. 10 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 5 businesses in this sector. 86 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 16 businesses in this sector. There were 242 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 45.9% of the workforce., there were 55 workers who commuted into the municipality and 175 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 3.2 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. About 7.3% of the workforce coming into Bedigliora are coming from outside Switzerland. Of the working population, 6.6% used public transportation to get to work, and 63.6% used a private car.
Religion
From the , 411 or 76.1% were Roman Catholic, while 34 or 6.3% belonged to the Swiss Reformed ChurchSwiss Reformed Church
The Reformed branch of Protestantism in Switzerland was started in Zürich by Huldrych Zwingli and spread within a few years to Basel , Bern , St...
. There are 66 individuals (or about 12.22% of the population) who belong to another church (not listed on the census), and 29 individuals (or about 5.37% of the population) did not answer the question.
Education
The entire Swiss population is generally well educated. In Bedigliora about 81% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either University or a FachhochschuleFachhochschule
A Fachhochschule or University of Applied Sciences is a German type of tertiary education institution, sometimes specialized in certain topical areas . Fachhochschulen were founded in Germany and later adopted by Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Greece...
).
In Bedigliora there were a total of 136 students . The Ticino education system
Education in Switzerland
The education system in Switzerland is very diverse, because the constitution of Switzerland delegates the authority for the school system mainly to the cantons...
provides up to three years of non-mandatory kindergarten
Kindergarten
A kindergarten is a preschool educational institution for children. The term was created by Friedrich Fröbel for the play and activity institute that he created in 1837 in Bad Blankenburg as a social experience for children for their transition from home to school...
and in Bedigliora there were 22 children in kindergarten. The primary school program lasts for five years and includes both a standard school and a special school. In the municipality, 35 students attended the standard primary schools and 2 students attended the special school. In the lower secondary school system, students either attend a two year middle school followed by a two year pre-apprenticeship or they attend a four year program to prepare for higher education. There were 42 students in the two year middle school and 1 in their pre-apprenticeship, while 11 students were in the four year advanced program.
The upper secondary school includes several options, but at the end of the upper secondary program, a student will be prepared to enter a trade or to continue on to a university or college. In Ticino, vocational students may either attend school while working on their internship or apprenticeship (which takes three or four years) or may attend school followed by an internship or apprenticeship (which takes one year as a full-time student or one and a half to two years as a part-time student). There were 7 vocational students who were attending school full-time and 15 who attend part-time.
The professional program lasts three years and prepares a student for a job in engineering, nursing, computer science, business, tourism and similar fields. There was 1 student in the professional program.
, there were 310 students in Bedigliora who came from another municipality, while 21 residents attended schools outside the municipality.