Believe (Cher song)
Encyclopedia
"Believe" is a song by American recording artist Cher
Cher
Cher is an American recording artist, television personality, actress, director, record producer and philanthropist. Referred to as the Goddess of Pop, she has won an Academy Award, a Grammy Award, an Emmy Award, three Golden Globes and a Cannes Film Festival Award among others for her work in...

. It was released on November 24, 1998 as the lead single
Lead single
A lead single is usually the first single released by a musician or a band before the release of its home album.During the era of the grammophone record, all music arrived in the marketplace as what is now termed a single, one potential hit song backed by an additional song of generally less...

 from her twenty-third studio album of the same name. It was written by Brian Higgins, Stuart McLennen, Paul Barry, Steven Torch, Matthew Gray, and Timothy Powell and produced by Mark Taylor
Mark Taylor
Mark Taylor may refer to:*Mark Taylor , Canadian television actor *Mark Taylor , City councillor of Bay Ward in Ottawa*Mark Taylor , Australian cricketer...

 and Brian Rawling. It has since become one of the best-selling singles of all time, selling more than 10 million copies worldwide. It won the Grammy Award for Best Dance Recording
Grammy Award for Best Dance Recording
The Grammy Award for Best Dance Recording is an award presented at the Grammy Awards, a ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards, to recording artists for works containing quality vocal performances in the dance music genre...

 at the 42nd Grammy Awards and also received a nomination for Record of the Year
Grammy Award for Record of the Year
The Record of the Year is one of the four most prestigious Grammy Awards presented annually. It has been awarded since 1959.-History:The honorees through its history have been:*1959-1965: Artist only.*1966-1998: Artist and producer....

.

Musically, "Believe" is a dance-pop
Dance-pop
Dance-pop is dance-oriented pop music that originated in the early 1980s. Developing from post-disco, it is generally up-tempo music intended for clubs with the intention of being danceable or merely dancey...

 song that incorporates elements of techno
Techno
Techno is a form of electronic dance music that emerged in Detroit, Michigan in the United States during the mid to late 1980s. The first recorded use of the word techno, in reference to a genre of music, was in 1988...

 and house music
House music
House music is a genre of electronic dance music that originated in Chicago, Illinois, United States in the early 1980s. It was initially popularized in mid-1980s discothèques catering to the African-American, Latino American, and gay communities; first in Chicago circa 1984, then in other...

 and samples the songs "Prologue" and "Epilogue" by British rock
British rock
British rock describes a wide variety of forms of music made in the United Kingdom. Since around 1964, with the "British Invasion" of the United States spearheaded by The Beatles, British rock music has had a considerable impact on the development of American music and rock music across the...

 group Electric Light Orchestra
Electric Light Orchestra
Electric Light Orchestra were a British rock group from Birmingham who released eleven studio albums between 1971 and 1986 and another album in 2001. ELO were formed to accommodate Roy Wood and Jeff Lynne's desire to create modern rock and pop songs with classical overtones...

 from their 1981 concept album
Concept album
In music, a concept album is an album that is "unified by a theme, which can be instrumental, compositional, narrative, or lyrical." Commonly, concept albums tend to incorporate preconceived musical or lyrical ideas rather than being improvised or composed in the studio, with all songs contributing...

 Time
Time (Electric Light Orchestra album)
Time is a concept album by Electric Light Orchestra released in 1981 through Jet Records. The album tells the story, through its songs and lyrics, about a man from the 1980's finding himself in the year 2095 and trying to come to terms with being unable to return and adjusting to his new...

. It also uses heavy amounts of Auto-Tune
Auto-Tune
Auto-Tune is a proprietary audio processor created by Antares Audio Technologies. Auto-Tune uses a phase vocoder to correct pitch in vocal and instrumental performances. It is used to disguise off-key inaccuracies and mistakes, and has allowed singers to perform apparently perfectly tuned vocal...

, which has since become one of the song's most notable features. The song has received generally positive reviews from music critics, with some calling the song "catchy" and the "best thing Cher has recorded in years". It topped the charts in more than ten countries worldwide, becoming one of the most commercially successful singles to date. It was certified Platinum by the RIAA
Recording Industry Association of America
The Recording Industry Association of America is a trade organization that represents the recording industry distributors in the United States...

 (Recording Industry Association of America), selling more than 1 million in the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...

.

An accompanying music video
Music video
A music video or song video is a short film integrating a song and imagery, produced for promotional or artistic purposes. Modern music videos are primarily made and used as a marketing device intended to promote the sale of music recordings...

 was directed by Nigel Dick
Nigel Dick
Nigel Dick is an English music video and film director, writer and musician based in Los Angeles, California. He directed the Band Aid video "Do They Know It's Christmas?", as well as over 300 other music videos.Nigel Dick should not be confused with the Australian Dr...

 and features Cher in a nightclub performing the song in two different sequences: one in which she is seen performing the song on stage and the other as a supernatural being locked in a cage.

Background and composition

As released, the single incorporates the work of six different songwriters, two producers and executive producer Rob Dickins, the erstwhile chairman of Warner Bros, but according to Mark Taylor
Mark Taylor (record producer)
Mark Taylor is a Grammy Award winning British record producer and songwriter. Having sold over 50 million records, he has produced and written for artists such as Cher, Enrique Iglesias, Britney Spears, Diana Ross, Rod Stewart, Tina Turner, Kylie Minogue, and Lady Gaga...

 the creation of "Believe" was a "strange one." Originally written by Brian Higgins
Brian Higgins (producer)
Brian Thomas Higgins is a British music producer who has written and produced albums and tracks for several highly successful pop music singers and groups, most notably Girls Aloud, through his Xenomania production group...

, Matthew Gray, Stuart McLennen and Tim Powell and circulated on Warner as a demo for months, nobody wanted it. Mark Taylor said that:

"Everyone loved the chorus but not the rest of the song; As we were already writing other songs for Cher, Rob asked us if we could sort it out. Two of our writers, Steve Torch and Paul Barry
Paul Barry (songwriter)
Paul Michael Barry is a British songwriter and musician. Some of his best-known songs include "Believe" by Cher, and "Hero" and "Bailamos" by Enrique Iglesias. He has won three Ivor Novello Awards and ASCAP PRS writer of the year 2000. He has scored three U.S...

, got involved and eventually came up with a complete song that Rob and Cher were happy with."

Once the demo version was agreed, Mark and Brian took over for the actual production, working at Dreamhouse
Dreamhouse
Dream House was a Commodore 64 game created by Joyce Hakansson Associates, released in 1984 by CBS Electronics.-Game description:Dream House was an unusual game for its time: the player was designing and, afterwards, testing the house of his dreams. From the sinks to the wall colors, from the roof...

; Mark said:

"We knew the rough direction to take, because Rob had said he wanted to make a Cher dance record. The hard part was trying to make one that wouldn't alienate Cher's existing fans."


The entire track was assembled with Cubase VST
Steinberg Cubase
Cubase is a music software product developed by Steinberg for music recording, arranging and editing as part of a Digital Audio Workstation. It is one of the oldest DAWs to still enjoy widespread use...

 on an iMac G3
IMac G3
The iMac G3 was the first model of the iMac line of personal computers made by Apple Inc. , and the originator of the Legacy-free PC market category. Like the first Macs, the iMac G3 is an all-in-one personal computer, encompassing both the monitor and the system unit in a single enclosure...

 computer, with other synthesizers, including a Clavia Nord Rack
Clavia
Clavia Digital Musical Instruments is a Swedish manufacturer of virtual analog synthesizers, virtual electromechanical pianos and stage pianos, founded in Stockholm, Sweden in 1983 by Hans Nordelius and Mikael Carlsson.-The Company:...

 and an Oberheim Matrix 1000
Oberheim
Oberheim Electronics is an American company, founded in 1969 by Tom Oberheim , which manufactured audio synthesizers and a variety of other electronic musical instruments.-Oberheim Electronics:...

, while Cher's vocals were recorded on three TASCAM DA88
TASCAM
TASCAM is the professional audio division of TEAC Corporation, headquartered in Montebello, California. Tascam is credited as the inventor of the Portastudio, the first cassette-based multi-track home studio recorders. Tascam also introduced the first low-cost mass produced multitrack recorders...

 digital audio recorders with a Neumann U67
Georg Neumann
Georg Neumann GmbH , founded in 1928 and based in Berlin, Germany, is a prominent manufacturer of professional recording microphones. Their best-known products are condenser microphones for broadcast, live and music production purposes...

 vacuum tube
Vacuum tube
In electronics, a vacuum tube, electron tube , or thermionic valve , reduced to simply "tube" or "valve" in everyday parlance, is a device that relies on the flow of electric current through a vacuum...

-amplified microphone.

The song was recorded approximately in ten days in Surrey
Surrey
Surrey is a county in the South East of England and is one of the Home Counties. The county borders Greater London, Kent, East Sussex, West Sussex, Hampshire and Berkshire. The historic county town is Guildford. Surrey County Council sits at Kingston upon Thames, although this has been part of...

, United Kingdom
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...

 and also contains samples from the Electric Light Orchestra
Electric Light Orchestra
Electric Light Orchestra were a British rock group from Birmingham who released eleven studio albums between 1971 and 1986 and another album in 2001. ELO were formed to accommodate Roy Wood and Jeff Lynne's desire to create modern rock and pop songs with classical overtones...

 songs "Prologue
Time (Electric Light Orchestra album)
Time is a concept album by Electric Light Orchestra released in 1981 through Jet Records. The album tells the story, through its songs and lyrics, about a man from the 1980's finding himself in the year 2095 and trying to come to terms with being unable to return and adjusting to his new...

" and "Epilogue
Time (Electric Light Orchestra album)
Time is a concept album by Electric Light Orchestra released in 1981 through Jet Records. The album tells the story, through its songs and lyrics, about a man from the 1980's finding himself in the year 2095 and trying to come to terms with being unable to return and adjusting to his new...

."

The "Cher effect"

Cher's voice is altered by a pitch correction speed that is "set too fast for the audio that it is processing." Producer Mark Taylor
Mark Taylor (record producer)
Mark Taylor is a Grammy Award winning British record producer and songwriter. Having sold over 50 million records, he has produced and written for artists such as Cher, Enrique Iglesias, Britney Spears, Diana Ross, Rod Stewart, Tina Turner, Kylie Minogue, and Lady Gaga...

 added the effect to Cher's vocal simply as a lark. In interviews at the time, he claimed to be testing out his recently purchased DigiTech Talker. It later emerged that the effect was not created by a vocoder
Vocoder
A vocoder is an analysis/synthesis system, mostly used for speech. In the encoder, the input is passed through a multiband filter, each band is passed through an envelope follower, and the control signals from the envelope followers are communicated to the decoder...

, but by using extreme (and then-unheard-of) settings on Antares Auto-Tune software.

Taylor said about the effect that "this was the most nerve-wracking part of the project, because I wasn't sure what Cher would say when she heard what I'd done to her voice", but that when she heard it she said, "It sounds great." When her record company requested that the effect be removed, she responded, "Over my dead body!". After the massive success of the song, use of Auto-Tune
Auto-Tune
Auto-Tune is a proprietary audio processor created by Antares Audio Technologies. Auto-Tune uses a phase vocoder to correct pitch in vocal and instrumental performances. It is used to disguise off-key inaccuracies and mistakes, and has allowed singers to perform apparently perfectly tuned vocal...

 became very popular and many other artists imitated this technique, and it would eventually become known as the "Cher effect".

Reception

Billboard
Billboard (magazine)
Billboard is a weekly American magazine devoted to the music industry, and is one of the oldest trade magazines in the world. It maintains several internationally recognized music charts that track the most popular songs and albums in various categories on a weekly basis...

gave the song a positive review, saying that the song is "the best darn thing that Cher has recorded in years".

Chart performance

The song, recorded and released in 1998, peaked at number one in 23 countries worldwide. On January 12, 1999, it reached the Top 40 on the Billboard Hot 100
Billboard Hot 100
The Billboard Hot 100 is the United States music industry standard singles popularity chart issued weekly by Billboard magazine. Chart rankings are based on radio play and sales; the tracking-week for sales begins on Monday and ends on Sunday, while the radio play tracking-week runs from Wednesday...

 and reached number one on the chart on March 2, making Cher the oldest female artist (at the age of 52) to perform this feat. Cher also set the record for a solo artist with the longest span of time between #1 hits. Her previous #1 hit, "Dark Lady" had been in 1974. "Believe" also was ranked as the number-one song of 1999 by Billboard on both the Billboard Hot 100
Billboard Hot 100
The Billboard Hot 100 is the United States music industry standard singles popularity chart issued weekly by Billboard magazine. Chart rankings are based on radio play and sales; the tracking-week for sales begins on Monday and ends on Sunday, while the radio play tracking-week runs from Wednesday...

 and Hot Dance Club Play
Hot Dance Club Play
The Hot Dance Club Songs chart is a weekly national survey of the songs that are most popular in U.S. dance clubs...

 charts, and became the biggest single in her entire career. In the United Kingdom, "Believe" spent seven weeks at number one, and became the biggest-selling single of 1998 on the British charts. "Believe" is still the best selling single by a female artist overall in Britain. According to The Official Charts Company, the song has sold 1,672,000 copies there.

The success of the song not only expanded through each country's singles chart, but also most countries' dance charts. In the United States "Believe" spent 23 weeks on the U.S. Hot Dance Club Play
Hot Dance Club Play
The Hot Dance Club Songs chart is a weekly national survey of the songs that are most popular in U.S. dance clubs...

 chart, five of those weeks at #1, and 22 weeks on the European Hot Dance Charts. "Believe" also set a record in 1999 after spending 21 weeks in the top spot of the Billboard Hot Dance Singles Sales
Hot Dance Singles Sales
Hot Dance Singles Sales is a chart released weekly by Billboard magazine in the United States, established in 1985. It measures the sale of commercially released singles that deal with dance music and remixes...

 chart, it was still in the top ten even one year after its entry on the chart.

On 13 October 2008, the song was voted #10 on Australian VH1's Top 10 Number One Pop Songs countdown. "Believe" was nominated for Record of the Year
Record Of The Year
Record of the Year may refer to:*Grammy Award for Record of the Year*The Record of the Year, a British award based on public polling...

 and Best Dance Recording at 42nd Grammy Awards, the latter of which it won.

Music video

The official music video
Music video
A music video or song video is a short film integrating a song and imagery, produced for promotional or artistic purposes. Modern music videos are primarily made and used as a marketing device intended to promote the sale of music recordings...

 for "Believe", directed by Nigel Dick
Nigel Dick
Nigel Dick is an English music video and film director, writer and musician based in Los Angeles, California. He directed the Band Aid video "Do They Know It's Christmas?", as well as over 300 other music videos.Nigel Dick should not be confused with the Australian Dr...

, features Cher in a nightclub in a double role as singer on stage, and wears a glowy headdress and as supernatural being in a cage (with auto-tuned voice), surrounded by many people to whom she is giving advice. The video includes a woman who is in club and looking for her ex-boyfriend and broken hearted and feels that she cannot go on when she sees her ex-boyfriend with a new a girlfriend. The version on The Very Best of Cher: The Video Hits Collection is slightly different to the previous version (the version that is also included on the Mallay Believe Bonus VCD) with additional scenes towards the end that were not in the original video. There are also 2 'rough' versions of the video as the song was released in The UK and Europe before a video was completed. The first is a compilation of scenes from the videos of Cher's previous singles "One by One" and "Walkin' in Memphis" and the second includes a brief scene of the Believe video where Cher sings the chorus while the rest of the video is composed of scenes from "One by One".

Three official remix videos exist for this song. Two of the remix videos were created by Dan-O-Rama in 1999. Both follow different concepts from the original unmixed video. Instead of showing the significance of the lyrics the videos mostly show Cher with different colored backgrounds and people dancing. The two remixes used for these videos were the Almighty Definitive Mix and the Club 69 Phunk Club Mix. The third video entitled Wayne G. Remix was released by Warner Bros. and the concept is similar to the Club 69 Phunk Club Mix video.

Cher performed the song during the Do You Believe? Tour
Do You Believe? Tour
The Do You Believe? Tour, sometimes also known as The Believe Tour, was Cher’s third solo concert tour. The tour which took place in 1999 and 2000, was used to promote her album Believe.-History:...

, The Farewell Tour
Living Proof: The Farewell Tour
Living Proof: The Farewell Tour is the seventh concert tour by American singer, Cher. The tour supported her twenty-fourth studio album, Living Proof and eleventh compilation album, The Very Best of Cher...

 and the Cher at the Colosseum
Cher at the Colosseum
'Cher at the Colosseum was a series of concerts by Cher at Caesars Palace in Las Vegas, Nevada. For the three years engagement, Cher received $180 million. Performing at The Colosseum at Caesars Palace, the first show occurred on May 6, 2008 and the last show was on February 5, 2011...

. While she would lip-synch the entire song on various television programs, she would only lip-synch the synthesized verses when performing on her Believe and Farewell tours, the Colosseum shows and on the 2002 edition of VH1 Divas Live. Since 1999, the song has been the encore to all of Cher's concerts.

Formats and track listings

US CD single
  1. "Believe" (album version) – 3:59
  2. "Believe" (Xenomania
    Xenomania
    Xenomania is a British songwriting and production team founded by Brian Higgins and based in Kent, England. Formed after Higgins met Miranda Cooper, Xenomania has written and produced for renowned artists such as Cher, Kylie Minogue, Dannii Minogue, Pet Shop Boys, and Sugababes...

     Mix) – 4:20


US/Canadian maxi single
  1. "Believe" (album version) – 3:59
  2. "Believe" (Phat 'N' Phunky Club Mix) – 7:42
  3. "Believe" (Club 69
    Peter Rauhofer
    Peter Rauhofer is a DJ, remixer and producer who formerly went under the moniker Club 69 as well as Size Queen. A native of Vienna, Austria, he is famous for his remixes of a number of Madonna's songs including "Nothing Really Matters", "American Life", "Nothing Fails, "Nobody Knows Me", "Get...

     Phunk Club Mix) – 8:44
  4. "Believe" (Almighty Definitive Mix) – 7:36
  5. "Believe" (Xenomania Mad Tim and the Mekon Club Mix) – 9:15
  6. "Believe" (Club 69 Future Anthem Mix) – 9:20
  7. "Believe" (Grips Heartbroken Mix) – 9:12
  8. "Believe" (Club 69 Future Anthem Dub) – 7:33
  9. "Believe" (Club 69 Phunk Dub) – 7:04
  10. "Believe" (Phat 'N' Phunky 'After Luv' Dub) – 6:22

European/UK CD single version 1
  1. "Believe" (album version) – 4:01
  2. "Believe" (Almighty Definitive Mix) – 7:38
  3. "Believe" (Xenomania Mix) – 4:20


European/UK CD Single version 2
  1. "Believe" (album version) – 3:58
  2. "Believe" (Grips Heartbroken Mix) – 9:12
  3. "Believe" (Club 69 Future Mix) – 6:50

Official versions

  • Main version (4:01)
  • Edit (3:45)
  • Radio mix (3:30)
  • Radio edit (3:58)
  • Video edit (3:55)
  • A cappella (2:43)
  • Almighty Definite Mix (7:35)
  • Almighty Essential Mix (8:03)
  • Almighty Definitive Radio Edit (4:46)
  • Almighty Definitive Video Remix Version (5:12)
  • Club 69 Anthem Mix = Club 69 Anthem Mix Edit (5:26)
  • Club 69 Future Anthem Mix (9:20)
  • Club 69 Future Anthem Radio Edit (4:31)
  • Club 69 Future Anthem Dub (7:35)
  • Club 69 Future Anthem Dub Edit (7:13)
  • Club 69 Future Dub (7:45)
  • Club 69 Future Mix (9:14)

  • Club 69 Future Mix Edit (6:50)
  • Club 69 Phunk Club Mix = Phat 'N' Dolls Remix Edit (8:43)
  • Club 69 Phunk Dub (7:04)
  • Club 69 Phunk Video Mix (4:54)
  • Extended album version – Roger's Resumed Mix (5:40)
  • Grip's Heartbroken Mix (9:12)
  • Grips Heaven Dub (6:50)
  • Love to Infinity Power Mix = LTI Mad Mix (7:01)
  • Phat 'N' Phunky After Luv Dub (6:22)
  • Phat 'N' Phunky After Luv Dub Edit (6:07)
  • Phat 'N' Phunky Club Mix (7:42)
  • Xenomania Mix (4:20)
  • Xenomania Mad Tim and the Mekon Club Mix (9:15)
  • Wayne G. Heaven Anthem Mix (9:48)


Weekly charts

Chart (1998) Peak
position
U.S. Billboard Hot 100
Billboard Hot 100
The Billboard Hot 100 is the United States music industry standard singles popularity chart issued weekly by Billboard magazine. Chart rankings are based on radio play and sales; the tracking-week for sales begins on Monday and ends on Sunday, while the radio play tracking-week runs from Wednesday...

1
Australian ARIA
Australian Recording Industry Association
The Australian Recording Industry Association is a trade group representing the Australian recording industry which was established in 1983 by six major record companies, EMI, Festival, CBS, RCA, WEA and Universal replacing the Association of Australian Record Manufacturers which was formed in 1956...

 Singles Chart
1
Austrian Singles Chart
Ö3 Austria Top 40
Ö3 Austria Top 40 is the name of the official Austrian singles chart, as well as the radio show which presents it, aired Fridays on Hitradio Ö3. The show presents the Austrian singles, ringtones and downloads chart. It premiered on 26 November 1968 as Disc Parade and was presented by Ernst Grissemann...

2
Belgian Singles Chart
Ultratop
Ultratop is an organization which generates and publishes the official record charts in Belgium, and it is also the name of most of those charts...

1
Canadian Singles Chart 1
Danish Singles Chart 1
Dutch Mega Top 50
Mega Top 50
The Mega Top 50 is a Dutch music chart, originally started on May 23, 1969 as the Hilversum 3 Top 30. Throughout the years, the chart has had several names and lengths:*1969 - 1974: Hilversum 3 Top 30...

 Singles Chart
1
Dutch Top 40
Dutch Top 40
The Dutch Top 40 is a weekly music chart, which started as the "Veronica Top 40", because the offshore radio station Radio Veronica was the first to introduce it. It remained "The Veronica Top 40" until 1974, when the station was forced to stop broadcasting...

1
European Singles Chart 1
French Singles Chart 1
Finnish Singles Chart 6
German Singles Chart
Media Control Charts
The official music charts in Germany are gathered and published by the company Media Control GfK International on behalf of Bundesverband Musikindustrie...

1
Irish Singles Chart
Irish Singles Chart
The Irish Singles Chart is Ireland's music industry standard singles popularity chart issued weekly by the Irish Recorded Music Association and compiled on behalf of the IRMA by Chart-Track. Chart rankings are based on sales, which are compiled through over-the-counter retail data captured...

1
Italian Singles Chart 1
New Zealand's Singles Chart 1
Norwegian Singles Chart 1
Spanish Singles Chart 1
Swedish Singles Chart 1
Swedish Airplay Chart 1
Swiss Singles Chart
Swiss Music Charts
The Swiss Music Charts are Switzerland's main music sales charts. The charts are a record of the highest-selling singles and albums in various genres in Switzerland.The Swiss Charts include:* Singles Top 75...

1
UK Singles Chart
UK Singles Chart
The UK Singles Chart is compiled by The Official Charts Company on behalf of the British record-industry. The full chart contains the top selling 200 singles in the United Kingdom based upon combined record sales and download numbers, though some media outlets only list the Top 40 or the Top 75 ...

1


Annual charts

Country (1998) Position
Australia 43
Austria 16
Belgium (Flanders) 4
Germany 14
Netherlands 82
Switzerland 18
UK 1
Country (1999) Position
Australia 6
Austria 21
Germany 38
Netherlands 9
Switzerland 8
U.S. 1

End of decade charts

Chart (1990–1999) Position
U.S. Billboard Hot 100 31

All-time charts

Country Position
UK 16[A]

  • A ^ This is the biggest selling single by a female artist ever in UK Chart history.

Certifications

Achievements

External links

  • About Cher on the official Cher site (mentions "Believe")
The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.  The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
 
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