Bernard I de Balliol
Encyclopedia
Bernard I de Balliol the second known ruling Balliol of his line, was a twelfth-century Anglo
-Picard
baron based for much of his time in the north of England, as well as at Bailleul-en-Vimeu close to Abbeville
in northern France
. He was the nephew and next known successor of Guy I de Balliol
, the first Balliol in England.
Bernard had succeeded to the lordships of his uncle by 1130 × 1133; during The Anarchy
, perhaps in 1135, he appears to have sworn homage to David I
, King of the Scots, who had taken over much of northern England in the name of his niece, Matilda
, and in the name of his son, Henry, heir and claimant to the earldom of Northumbria. During David's campaign in 1138, and before the Battle of the Standard
, Bernard and Robert I de Brus were sent to try to negotiate with David; after failing, Balliol allegedly renounced his homage to King David.
Although Balliol and his cause were successful in that battle, Bernard experienced defeat three years later fighting alongside King Stephen
at the Battle of Lincoln (1141)
. In the years following Balliol continued to suffer as his lands were repeatedly attacked by the Scots, and the Scottish-backed William Comyn, who was installed as Bishop of Durham between 1141 and 1144.
Bernard appears to have founded the new settlement and Castle of Barnard
in County Durham
, named after him; despite being named after him, however, the earliest Norman ring work there appears to predate 1130. Bernard had at least four younger brothers, Radulf (Ralph), Enguerrand (Ingram), Hugh, and Joscelin, and by his wife Maud (Matilda) fathered four sons, Enguerrand (Ingram), Guy
, Eustace and Bernard
, and one daughter, Hawise; Enguerrand predeceased him, and he was succeeded by Guy.
Anglo-Norman
The Anglo-Normans were mainly the descendants of the Normans who ruled England following the Norman conquest by William the Conqueror in 1066. A small number of Normans were already settled in England prior to the conquest...
-Picard
Picardy
This article is about the historical French province. For other uses, see Picardy .Picardy is a historical province of France, in the north of France...
baron based for much of his time in the north of England, as well as at Bailleul-en-Vimeu close to Abbeville
Abbeville
Abbeville is a commune in the Somme department in Picardie in northern France.-Location:Abbeville is located on the Somme River, from its modern mouth in the English Channel, and northwest of Amiens...
in northern France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
. He was the nephew and next known successor of Guy I de Balliol
Guy I de Balliol
Guy I de Balliol was a Norman baron who was granted land in northern England in the late eleventh-century. In the 1090s, he was established in the north of England by King William Rufus, as part of King William's carve-up of the forfeited earldom of Northumberland.According to historian Frank...
, the first Balliol in England.
Bernard had succeeded to the lordships of his uncle by 1130 × 1133; during The Anarchy
The Anarchy
The Anarchy or The Nineteen-Year Winter was a period of English history during the reign of King Stephen, which was characterised by civil war and unsettled government...
, perhaps in 1135, he appears to have sworn homage to David I
David I of Scotland
David I or Dabíd mac Maíl Choluim was a 12th-century ruler who was Prince of the Cumbrians and later King of the Scots...
, King of the Scots, who had taken over much of northern England in the name of his niece, Matilda
Empress Matilda
Empress Matilda , also known as Matilda of England or Maude, was the daughter and heir of King Henry I of England. Matilda and her younger brother, William Adelin, were the only legitimate children of King Henry to survive to adulthood...
, and in the name of his son, Henry, heir and claimant to the earldom of Northumbria. During David's campaign in 1138, and before the Battle of the Standard
Battle of the Standard
The Battle of the Standard, sometimes called the Battle of Northallerton, in which English forces repelled a Scottish army, took place on 22 August 1138 on Cowton Moor near Northallerton in Yorkshire. The Scottish forces were led by King David I of Scotland...
, Bernard and Robert I de Brus were sent to try to negotiate with David; after failing, Balliol allegedly renounced his homage to King David.
Although Balliol and his cause were successful in that battle, Bernard experienced defeat three years later fighting alongside King Stephen
Stephen of England
Stephen , often referred to as Stephen of Blois , was a grandson of William the Conqueror. He was King of England from 1135 to his death, and also the Count of Boulogne by right of his wife. Stephen's reign was marked by the Anarchy, a civil war with his cousin and rival, the Empress Matilda...
at the Battle of Lincoln (1141)
Battle of Lincoln (1141)
The Battle of Lincoln or First Battle of Lincoln occurred on 2 February 1141. In it Stephen of England was captured, imprisoned and effectively deposed while Empress Matilda ruled for a short time.-Account:...
. In the years following Balliol continued to suffer as his lands were repeatedly attacked by the Scots, and the Scottish-backed William Comyn, who was installed as Bishop of Durham between 1141 and 1144.
Bernard appears to have founded the new settlement and Castle of Barnard
Barnard Castle
Barnard Castle is an historical town in Teesdale, County Durham, England. It is named after the castle around which it grew up. It sits on the north side of the River Tees, opposite Startforth, south southwest of Newcastle upon Tyne, south southwest of Sunderland, west of Middlesbrough and ...
in County Durham
County Durham
County Durham is a ceremonial county and unitary district in north east England. The county town is Durham. The largest settlement in the ceremonial county is the town of Darlington...
, named after him; despite being named after him, however, the earliest Norman ring work there appears to predate 1130. Bernard had at least four younger brothers, Radulf (Ralph), Enguerrand (Ingram), Hugh, and Joscelin, and by his wife Maud (Matilda) fathered four sons, Enguerrand (Ingram), Guy
Guy II de Balliol
Guy II de Balliol was probably the second eldest son of Bernard I de Balliol, Lord of Balliol and Barnard Castle. As his older brother Enguerrand predeceased their father, Guy was the one who succeeded when his father died sometime between 1154 and 1162...
, Eustace and Bernard
Bernard II de Balliol
Bernard II de Balliol was the fourth and youngest son of Bernard I de Balliol, lord of Balliol and Barnard Castle. Bernard appears to have succeeded his older brother Guy II de Balliol to the Balliol estates sometime between the early 1160s and 1167.Bernard is most famous for his role in the...
, and one daughter, Hawise; Enguerrand predeceased him, and he was succeeded by Guy.