Beylik of Tunis
Encyclopedia
Ottoman beylik
The Beylik of Tunis was founded on July 15, 1705, after the Husainid DynastyHusainid Dynasty
The Husainid Dynasty is the former ruling dynasty of Tunisia originally of Cretan origin. They came to power under Al-Husayn I ibn Ali at-Turki in 1705 replacing the Muradid Dynasty. After taking power the Husainids ruled as Beys with succession to the throne determined by age with the oldest...
led by Al-Husayn I ibn Ali at-Turki
Al-Husayn I ibn Ali at-Turki
Al-Husayn I ibn Ali at-Turki was the founder of the Husainid Dynasty, which ruled Tunisia until 1957.-Biography:Husayn was of Cretan origin, although it is not known for sure whether Greek or Turkish...
defeated the Turkish Dey
Dey
Dey was the title given to the rulers of the Regency of Algiers and Tripoli under the Ottoman Empire from 1671 onwards...
s.
Although defeating the Deys in theory, Tunisia continued to be a vassal of the Ottoman empire
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
and the Friday prayer was pronounced in the name of the Ottoman Sultan, money was coined in his honour, and an annual ambassador brought gifts to Istanbul but the Ottomans never again exacted obedience.
In the 19th century, the country became mostly autonomous, although it was still officially an Ottoman province. In 1861, Tunisia enacted the first constitution in the Arab world, but a move toward independence was hampered by the poor economy and political unrest. In 1869, Tunisia declared itself bankrupt, and an international financial commission with representatives from France, United Kingdom, and Italy took control over the economy.
French protectorate
Tunisia became a protectorate of FranceFrance
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
on May 12, 1881, after the French claimed that Tunisian troops had crossed the border into their colony of Algeria. Tunisia was occupied by Germany
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany , also known as the Third Reich , but officially called German Reich from 1933 to 1943 and Greater German Reich from 26 June 1943 onward, is the name commonly used to refer to the state of Germany from 1933 to 1945, when it was a totalitarian dictatorship ruled by...
from 1942 until 1943.
Tunisia received its independence from France March 20, 1956, as a constitutional monarchy with the Bey of Tunis, Muhammad VIII al-Amin
Muhammad VIII al-Amin
Muhammad VIII al-Amin was the last bey of Tunisia . He was the first head of state of independent Tunisia from 1956 until he was deposed in 1957...
, becoming the king of Tunisia. The new kingdom only lasted until July 25, 1957, when a republic was declared.
See also
- History of TunisiaHistory of TunisiaThe History of Tunisia is subdivided into the following articles:*Outlines of early Tunisia*History of Punic era Tunisia*History of Roman era Tunisia*History of early Islamic Tunisia*History of medieval Tunisia*History of Ottoman era Tunisia...
- Ottoman Tunisia - French Protectorate of TunisiaFrench Protectorate of TunisiaThe French protectorate of Tunisia was established in 1881, during the Scramble for Africa, and lasted until Tunisian independence in 1956....
- List of Beys of Tunis