Biblioteka Imeni Lenina
Encyclopedia
Biblioteka Imeni Lenina is a station on the Sokolnicheskaya Line
of the Moscow Metro
. The station was opened on May 15, 1935 as a part of the first stage of the Metro. It is situated in the very centre of the city under the Mokhovaya Street
, and is named for the nearby Russian State Library
(called the Lenin Library in 1925–1992). Its architects were A. I. Gontskevich and S. Sulin.
To prevent the disruption of traffic, Biblioteka Imeni Lenina was built using underground excavation rather than cut and cover even though the station ceiling is just two metres below ground level. Soil conditions and the narrowness of the space in which the station was to be built necessitated a single-vault design, the only one on the first Metro line. The entire excavation was only 19.8 metres wide and 11.7 metres high. The main station vault was built from rubble stone set in concrete
and reinforced with an iron
framework. This was lined with an "umbrella
" of bitumen-coated paper
to prevent groundwater from seeping into the station. The station was finished with plaster
, yellow ceramic tile, and marble
.
The station originally had two entrance vestibules, one at either end. The southern vestibule, located between the old and new buildings of the State Library, is shared with Borovitskaya
. The temporary northern vestibule, which served Biblioteka Imeni Lenina and Alexandrovsky Sad, was removed in the 1940s.
, Alexandrovsky Sad on the Filyovskaya Line
, and Borovitskaya on the Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya Line
.
Though Biblioteka Imeni Lenina and Alexandrovsky Sad (then called Komintern) were built concurrently, they were not connected by transfer passages until 1938, when Alexandrovsky Sad became part of the Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya Line. Before this the line from Alexandrovsky Sad to Kievskaya
operated as a branch of the Sokolnicheskaya Line.
Sokolnicheskaya Line
The Sokolnicheskaya Line is the first line of the Moscow Metro, dating back to 1935 when the system opened. Presently the line has 19 stations with a total of of track...
of the Moscow Metro
Moscow Metro
The Moscow Metro is a rapid transit system serving Moscow and the neighbouring town of Krasnogorsk. Opened in 1935 with one line and 13 stations, it was the first underground railway system in the Soviet Union. As of 2011, the Moscow Metro has 182 stations and its route length is . The system is...
. The station was opened on May 15, 1935 as a part of the first stage of the Metro. It is situated in the very centre of the city under the Mokhovaya Street
Mokhovaya Street
Mokhovaya Street, is a one-way street in central Moscow, Russia, a part of Moscow's innermost ring road - Central Squares of Moscow. In 1961-1990 it formed part of Karl Marx Avenue...
, and is named for the nearby Russian State Library
Russian State Library
The Russian State Library is the national library of Russia, located in Moscow. It is the largest in the country and the third largest in the world for its collection of books . It was named the V. I...
(called the Lenin Library in 1925–1992). Its architects were A. I. Gontskevich and S. Sulin.
To prevent the disruption of traffic, Biblioteka Imeni Lenina was built using underground excavation rather than cut and cover even though the station ceiling is just two metres below ground level. Soil conditions and the narrowness of the space in which the station was to be built necessitated a single-vault design, the only one on the first Metro line. The entire excavation was only 19.8 metres wide and 11.7 metres high. The main station vault was built from rubble stone set in concrete
Concrete
Concrete is a composite construction material, composed of cement and other cementitious materials such as fly ash and slag cement, aggregate , water and chemical admixtures.The word concrete comes from the Latin word...
and reinforced with an iron
Iron
Iron is a chemical element with the symbol Fe and atomic number 26. It is a metal in the first transition series. It is the most common element forming the planet Earth as a whole, forming much of Earth's outer and inner core. It is the fourth most common element in the Earth's crust...
framework. This was lined with an "umbrella
Umbrella
An umbrella or parasol is a canopy designed to protect against rain or sunlight. The term parasol usually refers to an item designed to protect from the sun; umbrella refers to a device more suited to protect from rain...
" of bitumen-coated paper
Paper
Paper is a thin material mainly used for writing upon, printing upon, drawing or for packaging. It is produced by pressing together moist fibers, typically cellulose pulp derived from wood, rags or grasses, and drying them into flexible sheets....
to prevent groundwater from seeping into the station. The station was finished with plaster
Plaster
Plaster is a building material used for coating walls and ceilings. Plaster starts as a dry powder similar to mortar or cement and like those materials it is mixed with water to form a paste which liberates heat and then hardens. Unlike mortar and cement, plaster remains quite soft after setting,...
, yellow ceramic tile, and marble
Marble
Marble is a metamorphic rock composed of recrystallized carbonate minerals, most commonly calcite or dolomite.Geologists use the term "marble" to refer to metamorphosed limestone; however stonemasons use the term more broadly to encompass unmetamorphosed limestone.Marble is commonly used for...
.
The station originally had two entrance vestibules, one at either end. The southern vestibule, located between the old and new buildings of the State Library, is shared with Borovitskaya
Borovitskaya (Metro)
Borovitskaya is a station of the Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya Line of the Moscow Metro. It was opened in January 1986. It is geographically located in the very centre of Moscow, although it's mainly used as a transfer station.-Transfers:...
. The temporary northern vestibule, which served Biblioteka Imeni Lenina and Alexandrovsky Sad, was removed in the 1940s.
Transfers
From this station it is possible to transfer to Arbatskaya on the Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya LineArbatsko-Pokrovskaya Line
The Arbatsko–Pokrovskaya Line is a line of the Moscow Metro. Chronologically the second to open, now it connects with the district of Mitino and town of Krasnogorsk to the northwest of Moscow with the east of the Russian capital passing through the city centre...
, Alexandrovsky Sad on the Filyovskaya Line
Filyovskaya Line
Filyovskaya Line , or Line 4, is a line of the Moscow Metro. Chronologically the sixth to open, it connects the major eastern districts of Dorogomilovo and Fili along with the Moscow City with the city centre...
, and Borovitskaya on the Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya Line
Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya Line
Serpukhovsko–Timiryazevskaya Line , sometimes colloquially referred to as Grey Line , is a line of the Moscow Metro. Originally opened in 1983, it was extended throughout the 1980s and early 90s and again in the early 2000s...
.
Though Biblioteka Imeni Lenina and Alexandrovsky Sad (then called Komintern) were built concurrently, they were not connected by transfer passages until 1938, when Alexandrovsky Sad became part of the Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya Line. Before this the line from Alexandrovsky Sad to Kievskaya
Kievskaya (Filyovskaya)
Kiyevskaya is a station on the Filovskaya Line of the Moscow Metro . It initially opened in 1937 and closed in 1953 when the new Kiyevskaya station, intended to replace it, was completed. Due to a change of plans, however, it reopened after only five years as part of the new Filyovskaya Line...
operated as a branch of the Sokolnicheskaya Line.
External links
- Description of the station on Metro.ru
- Description of the station on Mymetro.ru
- Description of the station on Metro.molot.ru
- KartaMetro.info — Station location and exits on Moscow map