Biliary dyskinesia refers to altered tonus

Tonus

Tonus is the Latin equivalent of the English word tone. It is especially used to refer to:* Muscle tone, the continuous and passive partial contraction of the muscles* Arterial tone, the continuous and passive partial contraction of the arterioles...

 of the sphincter of Oddi

Sphincter of Oddi

The sphincter of ampulla or sphincter of Oddi is a muscular valve that controls the flow of digestive juices through the ampulla of Vater into the second part of the duodenum. It is named after Ruggero Oddi...

 (usually increased pressure), disturbance in the coordination of contraction of the biliary ducts, and/or reduction in the speed of emptying of the biliary tree

Biliary tree

The biliary tract is the common anatomical term for the path by which bile is secreted by the liver then transported to the first part of the small intestine, also known as the duodenum...

.

Failure of the biliary sphincter can be distinguished from the pancreatic sphincter.

Treatment

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Cholecystectomy

Cholecystectomy is the surgical removal of the gallbladder. It is the most common method for treating symptomatic gallstones. Surgical options include the standard procedure, called laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and an older more invasive procedure, called open cholecystectomy.-Open surgery:A...

 has been used to treat the condition.

Symptoms may persist after cholecystectomy, and have been linked to the use of proton pump inhibitors.