Bishopric of Tulle
Encyclopedia
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Tulle comprises the whole département of Corrèze
. Originally established in 1317, the diocese was suppressed by the Concordat of 1802, which joined it to the see of Limoges. In 1817, the diocese was theoretically re-established by the Concordat of 1817, and de facto re-erected by papal Bulls dated 6 and 31 October, 1822. It is a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Poitiers
. The current bishop
is Bernard Louis Marie Charrier who was appointed in 2001.
Some legends name St. Martin of Tours as founder of the Abbey of Tulle, others St. Calmin, Count of Auvergne
(seventh century). Robbed of its possessions by a powerful family, it recovered them in 930 through the efforts of a member of the same family, Viscount Adhemar, who left a reputation for sanctity. St. Odo, Abbot of Cluny, reformed it in the tenth century.
Pope John XXII
by a Bull dated 13 August, 1317, raised it to episcopal rank; but the chapter remained subject to monastic rule and was not secularized until 1514. Among the bishops of Tulle were: Hugues Roger, known as Cardinal de Tulle (1342-43), who was never consecrated, and lived with his brother Clement VI; Jean Fabri (1370-71), who became cardinal in 1371; Jules Mascaron, the preacher (1671-79), who was afterwards Bishop of Agen; Léonard Berteaud, preacher and theologian (1842-78).
St. Rodolphe of Turenne, Archbishop of Bourges (died in 866) founded, about 855, the Abbey of Beaulieu in the Diocese of Tulle. The Charterhouse of Glandier dates from 1219; the Benedictine
Abbey of Uzerche was founded between 958 and 991; Meymac Priory, which became an abbey in 1146, was founded by Archambaud III, Viscount of Conborn.
Pope Urban II
on his way to Limoges from Clermont
(1095) passed near Tulle. St. Anthony of Padua dwelt for a time at Brive, towards the end of October, 1226; and the pilgrimage to the Grotto of Brive is the only existing one in France in honour of that saint.
Pierre Roger
, who became pope under the name of Clement VI, was a native of Maumont (now part of the commune of Rosiers-d'Égletons
) in the diocese. In 1352 the tiara
was disputed between Jean Birel, general of the Carthusians, who had been prior of Glandier, and Etienne Aubert, who became pope under the name Innocent VI, and was a native of the hamlet of Les Monts (now part of the commune of Beyssac
) in the Diocese of Tulle. In 1362 Hugues Roger, Cardinal of Tulle, brother of Clement VI, refused the tiara; in 1370 Pierre Roger de Beaufort, his nephew, became pope under the name of Gregory XI.
At Tulle and in Bas (Lower) Limousin, every year, on the vigil of St. John the Baptist, a feast is kept which is known as le tour de la lunade (the change of the moon); it is a curious example of the manner in which the Church was able to sanctify and Christianize many pagan customs. Legend places the institution of this feast in 1346 or 1348, about the time of the Black Death
. It would seem to have been the result of a vow made in honour of St. John the Baptist. M. Maximin Deloche has shown however that the worship of the sun existed in Gaul down to the seventh century, according to the testimony of St. Eligius, and that the feast of St. John's Nativity
, 24 June, was substituted for the pagan festival
of the summer solstice
, so that the tour de la lunade was an old pagan custom, sanctified by the Church, which changed it to an act of homage to St. John the Baptist.
, St. Sacerdos
, who was Bishop of Limoges when he retired into solitude (sixth century); St. Vincentianus (St. Viance), hermit (seventh century); St. Liberalis, Bishop of Embrun, died in 940 at Brive, his native place; St. Reynier, provost of Beaulieu, died at the beginning of the tenth century; St. Stephen of Obazine, b. about 1085, founder of the monastery for men at Obazine, and of that for women at Coyroux; St. Berthold of Malefayde, first general of the Carmelites
, and whose brother Aymeric was Catholic Patriarch of Antioch
(twelfth century). The missionary Dumoulin Borie (1808-38), who was martyred in Tonquin, was born in the diocese.
The chief pilgrimages of the diocese are: Notre-Dame-de-Belpeuch, at Camps, dating from the ninth or tenth century; Notre-Dame-de-Chastre at Bar, dating from the seventeenth century; Notre-Dame-du-Pont-du-Salut, which goes back to the seventeenth century; Notre-Dame-du-Roc at Servières, dating from 1691; Notre-Dame-d'Eygurande, dating from 1720; Notre-Dame-de-La-Buissière-Lestard, which was a place of pilgrimage before the seventeenth century; Notre-Dame-de-La-Chabanne at Ussel, dates from 1140; Notre-Dame-de-Pennacorn at Neuvic, dating from the end of the fifteenth century.
Corrèze
Corrèze is a department in south central France, named after the Corrèze River.The inhabitants of the department are called Corréziens or Corréziennes according to gender.-History:...
. Originally established in 1317, the diocese was suppressed by the Concordat of 1802, which joined it to the see of Limoges. In 1817, the diocese was theoretically re-established by the Concordat of 1817, and de facto re-erected by papal Bulls dated 6 and 31 October, 1822. It is a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Poitiers
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Poitiers
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Poitiers is an archdiocese of the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic church in France. The archepiscopal see is in the city of Poitiers. The Diocese of Poitiers includes the two Departments of Vienne and Deux-Sèvres...
. The current bishop
Bishop
A bishop is an ordained or consecrated member of the Christian clergy who is generally entrusted with a position of authority and oversight. Within the Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox Churches, in the Assyrian Church of the East, in the Independent Catholic Churches, and in the...
is Bernard Louis Marie Charrier who was appointed in 2001.
History
According to legends which grew up in later years around the St. Martial cycle, that saint, who had been sent by St. Peter to preach, is said to have restored to life at Tulle the son of the Roman governor, Nerva, and to have covered the neighbouring country with churches.Some legends name St. Martin of Tours as founder of the Abbey of Tulle, others St. Calmin, Count of Auvergne
Rulers of Auvergne
-History:In the 7th century Auvergne was disputed between the Franks and Aquitanians. It was later conquered by the Carolingians, and was integrated for a time into the kingdom of Aquitaine...
(seventh century). Robbed of its possessions by a powerful family, it recovered them in 930 through the efforts of a member of the same family, Viscount Adhemar, who left a reputation for sanctity. St. Odo, Abbot of Cluny, reformed it in the tenth century.
Pope John XXII
Pope John XXII
Pope John XXII , born Jacques Duèze , was pope from 1316 to 1334. He was the second Pope of the Avignon Papacy , elected by a conclave in Lyon assembled by Philip V of France...
by a Bull dated 13 August, 1317, raised it to episcopal rank; but the chapter remained subject to monastic rule and was not secularized until 1514. Among the bishops of Tulle were: Hugues Roger, known as Cardinal de Tulle (1342-43), who was never consecrated, and lived with his brother Clement VI; Jean Fabri (1370-71), who became cardinal in 1371; Jules Mascaron, the preacher (1671-79), who was afterwards Bishop of Agen; Léonard Berteaud, preacher and theologian (1842-78).
St. Rodolphe of Turenne, Archbishop of Bourges (died in 866) founded, about 855, the Abbey of Beaulieu in the Diocese of Tulle. The Charterhouse of Glandier dates from 1219; the Benedictine
Benedictine
Benedictine refers to the spirituality and consecrated life in accordance with the Rule of St Benedict, written by Benedict of Nursia in the sixth century for the cenobitic communities he founded in central Italy. The most notable of these is Monte Cassino, the first monastery founded by Benedict...
Abbey of Uzerche was founded between 958 and 991; Meymac Priory, which became an abbey in 1146, was founded by Archambaud III, Viscount of Conborn.
Pope Urban II
Pope Urban II
Pope Urban II , born Otho de Lagery , was Pope from 12 March 1088 until his death on July 29 1099...
on his way to Limoges from Clermont
Clermont
-In Canada:*Clermont, Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Quebec*Clermont, Capitale-Nationale, Quebec-In France:* Clermont, Ariège, in the Ariège département* Clermont, Haute-Savoie, in the Haute-Savoie département* Clermont, Landes, in the Landes département...
(1095) passed near Tulle. St. Anthony of Padua dwelt for a time at Brive, towards the end of October, 1226; and the pilgrimage to the Grotto of Brive is the only existing one in France in honour of that saint.
Pierre Roger
Pope Clement VI
Pope Clement VI , bornPierre Roger, the fourth of the Avignon Popes, was pope from May 1342 until his death in December of 1352...
, who became pope under the name of Clement VI, was a native of Maumont (now part of the commune of Rosiers-d'Égletons
Rosiers-d'Égletons
Rosiers-d'Égletons is a commune in the Corrèze department in central France.-Population:-References:*...
) in the diocese. In 1352 the tiara
Tiara
A tiara is a form of crown. There are two possible types of crown that this word can refer to.Traditionally, the word "tiara" refers to a high crown, often with the shape of a cylinder narrowed at its top, made of fabric or leather, and richly ornamented. It was used by the kings and emperors of...
was disputed between Jean Birel, general of the Carthusians, who had been prior of Glandier, and Etienne Aubert, who became pope under the name Innocent VI, and was a native of the hamlet of Les Monts (now part of the commune of Beyssac
Beyssac
Beyssac is a commune of the Corrèze department in central France.-Population:-Personalities:Beyssac was the birthplace of Étienne Aubert , who became pope as Pope Innocent VI.-References:*...
) in the Diocese of Tulle. In 1362 Hugues Roger, Cardinal of Tulle, brother of Clement VI, refused the tiara; in 1370 Pierre Roger de Beaufort, his nephew, became pope under the name of Gregory XI.
At Tulle and in Bas (Lower) Limousin, every year, on the vigil of St. John the Baptist, a feast is kept which is known as le tour de la lunade (the change of the moon); it is a curious example of the manner in which the Church was able to sanctify and Christianize many pagan customs. Legend places the institution of this feast in 1346 or 1348, about the time of the Black Death
Black Death
The Black Death was one of the most devastating pandemics in human history, peaking in Europe between 1348 and 1350. Of several competing theories, the dominant explanation for the Black Death is the plague theory, which attributes the outbreak to the bacterium Yersinia pestis. Thought to have...
. It would seem to have been the result of a vow made in honour of St. John the Baptist. M. Maximin Deloche has shown however that the worship of the sun existed in Gaul down to the seventh century, according to the testimony of St. Eligius, and that the feast of St. John's Nativity
St. John's Eve
The evening of June 23, St John's Eve, is the eve of celebration before the Feast Day of St John the Baptist. The Gospel of Luke states that John was born about six months before Jesus, therefore the feast of John the Baptist was fixed on June 21~24, six months before Christmas...
, 24 June, was substituted for the pagan festival
Midsummer
Midsummer may simply refer to the period of time centered upon the summer solstice, but more often refers to specific European celebrations that accompany the actual solstice, or that take place on a day between June 21 and June 24, and the preceding evening. The exact dates vary between different...
of the summer solstice
Solstice
A solstice is an astronomical event that happens twice each year when the Sun's apparent position in the sky, as viewed from Earth, reaches its northernmost or southernmost extremes...
, so that the tour de la lunade was an old pagan custom, sanctified by the Church, which changed it to an act of homage to St. John the Baptist.
Saints and pilgrimages
Among the saints specially honoured in, or connected with the diocese, besides those already mentioned, are: St. Fereola, martyr (date uncertain); St. Martin of Brive, disciple of St. Martin of Tours, and martyr (fifth century); St. Duminus, hermit (early sixth century); at ArgentatArgentat
Argentat is a commune in the Corrèze department in central France.-Geography:Argentat is situated on the Dordogne River, to the south west of Bort-les-Orgues. It is the point where the Maronne, a tributary of the Dordogne, converges with the famous river...
, St. Sacerdos
Sacerdos of Limoges
Saint Sacerdos of Limoges is a French saint. He was born near Sarlat and became a monk. He was the founder and abbot of Calviac Abbey. He was later appointed bishop of Limoges...
, who was Bishop of Limoges when he retired into solitude (sixth century); St. Vincentianus (St. Viance), hermit (seventh century); St. Liberalis, Bishop of Embrun, died in 940 at Brive, his native place; St. Reynier, provost of Beaulieu, died at the beginning of the tenth century; St. Stephen of Obazine, b. about 1085, founder of the monastery for men at Obazine, and of that for women at Coyroux; St. Berthold of Malefayde, first general of the Carmelites
Carmelites
The Order of the Brothers of Our Lady of Mount Carmel or Carmelites is a Catholic religious order perhaps founded in the 12th century on Mount Carmel, hence its name. However, historical records about its origin remain uncertain...
, and whose brother Aymeric was Catholic Patriarch of Antioch
Patriarch of Antioch
Patriarch of Antioch is a traditional title held by the Bishop of Antioch. As the traditional "overseer" of the first gentile Christian community, the position has been of prime importance in the church from its earliest period...
(twelfth century). The missionary Dumoulin Borie (1808-38), who was martyred in Tonquin, was born in the diocese.
The chief pilgrimages of the diocese are: Notre-Dame-de-Belpeuch, at Camps, dating from the ninth or tenth century; Notre-Dame-de-Chastre at Bar, dating from the seventeenth century; Notre-Dame-du-Pont-du-Salut, which goes back to the seventeenth century; Notre-Dame-du-Roc at Servières, dating from 1691; Notre-Dame-d'Eygurande, dating from 1720; Notre-Dame-de-La-Buissière-Lestard, which was a place of pilgrimage before the seventeenth century; Notre-Dame-de-La-Chabanne at Ussel, dates from 1140; Notre-Dame-de-Pennacorn at Neuvic, dating from the end of the fifteenth century.
Ordinaries
- Jules MascaronJules MascaronJules Mascaron was a popular French preacher. He was born in Marseille as the son of a barrister at Aix-en-Provence. He entered the French Oratory early and became reputed as a preacher...
† ( 1671 Appointed - 1679 Appointed, Bishop of Agen) - André-Daniel de Beaupoil de Saint-Aulaire † ( 1702 Appointed - 1720 Died)
- Louis-Jacques Chapt de Rastignac † (29 Dec 1720 Appointed - 26 Oct 1723 Appointed, Archbishop of Tours)
- Charles du Plessis d'ArgentréCharles du Plessis d'ArgentréCharles du Plessis d'Argentré was a French Catholic theologian and bishop of Tulle.-life:He entered the seminary of St. Sulpice at Paris, and studied theology at the Sorbonne; he was ordained priest in 1699, and was made Doctor of Theology in 1700...
† (26 Oct 1723 Appointed - 27 Oct 1740 Died) - Claude-Joseph-Judith-François-Xavier de Sagey † (13 Jan 1823 Appointed - 1824 Resigned)
- Augustin de Mailhet de Vachères † (13 Oct 1824 Appointed - 16 May 1842 Died)
- Jean-Baptiste-Pierre-Léonard Berteaud † (15 Jun 1842 Appointed - 3 Sep 1878 Retired)
- Henri-Charles-Dominique Denéchau † (15 Oct 1878 Appointed - 18 Apr 1908 Died)
- Albert Nègre † (14 Jul 1908 Appointed - 5 Aug 1913 Appointed, Archbishop of Tours)
- Joseph-Marie-François-Xavier Métreau † (6 Aug 1913 Appointed - 24 Apr 1918 Died)
- Jean Castel † (3 Aug 1918 Appointed - 8 Oct 1939 Died)
- Aimable Chassaigne † (6 Feb 1940 Appointed - 23 Jan 1962 Retired)
- Marcel-François Lefebvre, C.S.Sp.Marcel LefebvreMarcel François Marie Joseph Lefebvre was a French Roman Catholic archbishop. Following a career as an Apostolic Delegate for West Africa and Superior General of the Holy Ghost Fathers, he took the lead in opposing the changes within the Church associated with the Second Vatican Council.In 1970,...
, Archbishop (personal title) † (23 Jan 1962 Appointed - 11 Aug 1962 Resigned) - Henri Clément Victor Donze † (15 Nov 1962 Appointed - 12 Feb 1970 Appointed, Bishop of Tarbes et Lourdes)
- Jean-Baptiste Brunon, P.S.S. † (4 Apr 1970 Appointed - 28 Apr 1984 Resigned)
- Roger Marie Albert Froment † (20 Jun 1985 Appointed - 22 Oct 1996 Resigned)
- Patrick Le Gal (12 Sep 1997 Appointed - 23 May 2000 Appointed, Bishop of France, Military)
- Bernard Louis Marie Charrier (22 Jan 2001 Appointed - )