Black Friday
Encyclopedia
Black Friday is a term used to refer to certain events which occur on a Friday. It has been used in the following cases:
- Black Friday (1688), imprisonment of the Seven BishopsSeven Bishopsthumb|200px|A portrait of the Seven Bishops.The Seven Bishops of the Church of England were those imprisoned and tried for seditious libel over their opposition to the second Declaration of Indulgence issued by James II in 1688...
(8 June), on the eve of the Glorious RevolutionGlorious RevolutionThe Glorious Revolution, also called the Revolution of 1688, is the overthrow of King James II of England by a union of English Parliamentarians with the Dutch stadtholder William III of Orange-Nassau...
. - Black Friday (1869)Black Friday (1869)Black Friday, September 24, 1869 also known as the Fisk/Gould scandal, was a financial panic in the United States caused by two speculators’ efforts to corner the gold market on the New York Gold Exchange. It was one of several scandals that rocked the presidency of Ulysses S. Grant...
, the Fisk-Gould Scandal (24 September), a financial crisis in the United States. - Black Friday (1881), the Eyemouth disaster: 189 fishermen died.
- Haymarket affairHaymarket affairThe Haymarket affair was a demonstration and unrest that took place on Tuesday May 4, 1886, at the Haymarket Square in Chicago. It began as a rally in support of striking workers. An unknown person threw a dynamite bomb at police as they dispersed the public meeting...
(11 November 1887), four Chicago anarchists hanged, without evidence, for the deaths of seven police officers during a labor meeting. - Black Friday (1910)Black Friday (1910)Black Friday was a women's suffrage event in the United Kingdom on 18 November 1910.Although the Conciliation Bill, which would extend the right of women to vote in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland to around 1,000,000 wealthy, property-owning women, got to its second reading, British...
, a campaign outside the British House of Commons (18 November) of the Women's Social and Political Union the Conciliation Bill which failed. - Black Friday (1919), the Battle of George Square (31 January), a riot stemming from industrial unrest in Glasgow, Scotland.
- Black Friday (1921)Black Friday (1921)Black Friday, in British labour history, refers to 15 April 1921, when the leaders of transport and rail unions announced a decision not to call for strike action in support of the miners...
, the announcement of British transport union leaders (15 April) not to call for strike action against wage reductions for miners. - Black Friday (1939)Black Friday (1939)The Black Friday fires of 13 January 1939, in Victoria, Australia, were considered one of the worst natural bushfires in the world, and certainly the single worst in Australian history as a measure of land affected...
, a day of devastating bushfires (13 January) in VictoriaVictoria (Australia)Victoria is the second most populous state in Australia. Geographically the smallest mainland state, Victoria is bordered by New South Wales, South Australia, and Tasmania on Boundary Islet to the north, west and south respectively....
, AustraliaAustraliaAustralia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
, which killed 71 people. - Black Friday (1942), air attack on DartmouthDartmouth, DevonDartmouth is a town and civil parish in the English county of Devon. It is a tourist destination set on the banks of the estuary of the River Dart, which is a long narrow tidal ria that runs inland as far as Totnes...
, Devon, 18 September 1942. - Black Friday (1944)Black Friday (1944)Black Friday was the nickname given by The Black Watch of Canada to the date 13 October 1944. On that day, during World War II's Battle of the Scheldt in Belgium near Hoogerheide, the regiment attacked German positions on a raised railway embankment across 1,200 yards of open beet fields and...
, a disastrous attack by The Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment) of Canada (13 October) near Woensdrecht during the Battle of the Scheldt. - Black Friday (1945)Black Friday (1945)On 9 February 1945 a force of Allied Bristol Beaufighter aircraft suffered heavy casualties during an unsuccessful attack on German destroyer Z33 and escorting vessels; the operation was labelled "Black Friday" by the surviving Allied aircrew...
, an air battle over Sunnfjord (9 February), the largest over Norway. - Hollywood Black FridayHollywood Black FridayHollywood Black Friday is the name given, in the history of organized labor in the United States, to October 5, 1945. On that date, a six-month strike by the set decorators represented by the Conference of Studio Unions boiled over into a bloody riot at the gates of Warner Brothers' studios in...
(5 October 1945), a riot at the Warner Bros. studios stemming from a Confederation of Studio Unions (CSU) strike leading to the eventual breakup of the CSU. - The 1950 Red River Flood, which burst several dikes flooding much of WinnipegWinnipegWinnipeg is the capital and largest city of Manitoba, Canada, and is the primary municipality of the Winnipeg Capital Region, with more than half of Manitoba's population. It is located near the longitudinal centre of North America, at the confluence of the Red and Assiniboine Rivers .The name...
, ManitobaManitobaManitoba is a Canadian prairie province with an area of . The province has over 110,000 lakes and has a largely continental climate because of its flat topography. Agriculture, mostly concentrated in the fertile southern and western parts of the province, is vital to the province's economy; other...
. - The cancellation of Avro Arrow (1959), which resulted in massive layoffs in the Canadian Aerospace industry.
- Black Friday (1960), San Francisco City protest against the House Un-American Activities CommitteeHouse Un-American Activities CommitteeThe House Committee on Un-American Activities or House Un-American Activities Committee was an investigative committee of the United States House of Representatives. In 1969, the House changed the committee's name to "House Committee on Internal Security"...
. - Black Friday (1963), the assassination of US President John F Kennedy in Dallas, Texas on 22 November 1963.
- Black Friday (1978)Black Friday (1978)Black Friday is the name given to September 8, 1978 and the shooting of protestors in Zhaleh Square in Tehran, Iran...
, a massacre of protesters in Iran (8 September). - 1985 United States-Canadian tornado outbreak/The Barrie Tornado, (31 May 1985).
- Edmonton TornadoEdmonton TornadoThe Edmonton Tornado, an event also known as Black Friday to Edmontonians, was a powerful and devastating tornado that ripped through the eastern part of Edmonton, Alberta, Canada and parts of neighbouring Strathcona County on the afternoon of Friday, July 31, 1987.The tornado remained on the...
(31 July 1987), a tornado touching down in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. - Black Friday (Maldives)Black Friday (Maldives)Black Friday , Friday, August 13, 2004, was the crackdown by the Maldivian National Security Service — later Maldivian National Defence Force — on a peaceful protest in the capital city of Maldives, Malé. This unplanned and unorganized demonstration was the largest such protest in the...
(2004), a crackdown in Malé, Maldives (13 August) on peaceful protesters. - Black Friday (2005)Black Friday (2005)-Date:On 30 September 2005, police shot dead nine protesters in the north-east Indian towns of Tura and Williamnagar.They were the single largest acts of violence in the towns since independence from the British. Friday 30 September 2005 became known locally as "Black Friday"...
, Tribal students killed in Meghalaya, India. - Black FridayRebecca BlackRebecca Renee Black is an American pop singer who gained extensive media attention with the 2011 single "Friday". Her mother paid $4,000 to have the single and an accompanying music video put out as a vanity release through the record label ARK Music Factory. The song was co-written and produced...
, referring to the hit single by Rebecca Black, 'Friday'. - Black Friday (April 15, 2011), a day in which several online poker sites were seized as a result of United States v. Scheinberg et al.
- Black FridayBlack Friday (shopping)Black Friday is the day following Thanksgiving Day in the United States, traditionally the beginning of the Christmas shopping season. On this day, most major retailers open extremely early, often at 4 a.m., or earlier, and offer promotional sales to kick off the shopping season, similar to Boxing...
(the Friday after Thanksgiving Day), a day when shopping is extremely popular and traditionally the start of holiday shopping. Sales are usually held in stores.