Black rot
Encyclopedia
Black rot is a name used for various diseases of cultivated plants caused by fungi or bacteria, producing dark brown discoloration and decay in the leaves of fruit and vegetables:
- A disease of the apple, pear and quince caused by a fungus (Botryosphaeria obtusaBotryosphaeria obtusaBotryosphaeria obtusa is a plant pathogen. its causes Frogeye leaf spot, Black rot and cankers on many plant species. On the leaf it is referred to as Frogeye leaf spot, this phase typically affects tree and shrubs, in fruit, such as the apple, cranberry and quince, it is referred to as Black rot,...
or Physalospora cydoniae)
- A disease of grape vines caused by a fungus (Guignardia bidwellii), affecting the aboveground part of the vine, and favored by warm, humid weather; also called grape rotBlack rot (grape)Grape black rot, is a fungal disease caused by an ascomycetous fungus, Guignardia bidwellii, that attacks grape vines during hot and humid weather. “Grape black rot originated in eastern North America, but now occurs in portions of Europe, South America, and Asia...
- A disease of cabbage and related plants caused by a bacterium (Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestrisXanthomonas campestris pv. campestrisBlack rot, caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris , is considered the most important and most destructive disease of crucifers, infecting all cultivated varieties of brassicas worldwide . This disease was first described by botanist and entomologist Harrison Garman in...
). Occurring around the world, it affects primarily the aboveground parts of plants. Vegetables in the crucifer family are susceptible, including broccoliBroccoliBroccoli is a plant in the cabbage family, whose large flower head is used as a vegetable.-General:The word broccoli, from the Italian plural of , refers to "the flowering top of a cabbage"....
, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflowerCauliflowerCauliflower is one of several vegetables in the species Brassica oleracea, in the family Brassicaceae. It is an annual plant that reproduces by seed...
, Chinese cabbageChinese cabbageChinese cabbage can refer to two distinct varieties of Chinese leaf vegetables used often in Chinese cuisine. These vegetables are both related to the Western cabbage, and are of the same species as the common turnip...
, kaleKaleKale is very high in beta carotene, vitamin K, vitamin C, lutein, zeaxanthin, and reasonably rich in calcium. Kale, as with broccoli and other brassicas, contains sulforaphane , a chemical with potent anti-cancer properties. Boiling decreases the level of sulforaphane; however, steaming,...
, mustardMustard plantMustards are several plant species in the genera Brassica and Sinapis whose small mustard seeds are used as a spice and, by grinding and mixing them with water, vinegar or other liquids, are turned into the condiment known as mustard or prepared mustard...
, radishRadishThe radish is an edible root vegetable of the Brassicaceae family that was domesticated in Europe, in pre-Roman times. They are grown and consumed throughout the world. Radishes have numerous varieties, varying in size, color and duration of required cultivation time...
, rutabagaRutabagaThe rutabaga, swede , turnip or yellow turnip is a root vegetable that originated as a cross between the cabbage and the turnip; see Triangle of U...
, and turnipTurnipThe turnip or white turnip is a root vegetable commonly grown in temperate climates worldwide for its white, bulbous taproot. Small, tender varieties are grown for human consumption, while larger varieties are grown as feed for livestock...
. Many weeds may host this pathogenPathogenA pathogen gignomai "I give birth to") or infectious agent — colloquially, a germ — is a microbe or microorganism such as a virus, bacterium, prion, or fungus that causes disease in its animal or plant host...
including Shepherd's PurseShepherd's PurseCapsella bursa-pastoris, known by its common name shepherd's-purse because of its triangular, purse-like pods, is a small annual and ruderal species, and a member of the Brassicaceae or mustard family...
, wild mustard, and yellow rocket.
- A disease of the potato caused by a bacterium (Erwinia atroseptica)
- A disease of the sweet potato caused by a fungus (Ceratostomella fimbriata)