Bonne of Bohemia
Encyclopedia
Bonne of Luxemburg, Duchess of Normandy, Countess of Anjou and of Maine (20 May 1315 – 11 September 1349), was born Jutta (Judith), the daughter of John the Blind of Luxemburg, king of Bohemia
and his first wife Elisabeth of Bohemia. She was the first wife of King John II of France
; however, as her death occurred a year prior to his coronation, she was never a French queen consort. Jutta was referred to in French historiography as Bonne de Luxembourg. She was a member of the House of Luxembourg
. King Charles V of France
, and Joan of Valois, Queen of Navarre, were two of her ten children.
, Bohemia
on 20 May 1315, the second eldest daughter of John the Blind of Luxembourg, King of Bohemia and Elisabeth of Bohemia. Jutta was an elder sister of the future Holy Roman Emperor Charles IV
, who was crowned six years after Jutta's death in 1349. Jutta's maternal grandparents were, Wenceslaus II of Bohemia and his first wife, Judith of Habsburg
. Her paternal grandparents were, Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor
and his wife Margaret of Brabant
. When Jutta was about fifteen, her mother died. Her father decided to remarry, he married Beatrice of Bourbon
. They had a son, Wenceslaus
, who succeeded his father in Luxembourg
.
, however this arrangement was broken and Casimir married Aldona of Lithuania. After Aldona's death, Casimir was betrothed to Jutta's elder sister Margaret, however this betrothal was also broken and Casimir remarried to Adelaide of Hesse
.
Jutta was married to the future John II of France
on 28 July 1332 at the Notre-Dame de Melun in Melun
. She was 17 years old, and the future king was 13. The name for Jutta (or Guta) translatable into English as Good (in the feminine case), was changed by the time of marriage to Bonne (French) or Bona (Latin). Upon marriage, Bonne was the wife of the heir to the French throne, becoming Duchess of Normandy, and Countess of Anjou and of Maine. The wedding was celebrated at the church of Notre-Dame in Melun in the presence of six thousand guests. The festivities were prolonged by a further two months when the young groom was finally knighted at the cathedral of Notre-Dame in Paris. Duke John of Normandy was solemnly granted the arms of a knight in front of a prestigious assistance bringing together the kings of Luxembourg and Navarre
, and the dukes of Burgundy
, Lorraine
and the Brabant
.
She was a patron of the arts, being a favorite of composer Guillaume de Machaut
.
She died on 11 September 1349 of the bubonic plague
in Maubisson
, France
at the age of thirty-four. This was one year and fifteen days prior to the coronation of her husband as King, John II of France
. She was buried in the Abbey of Maubisson.
Less than six months after Bonne's death, John married secondly Jeanne I, Countess of Auvergne by whom he had two daughters who both died young.
Bohemia
Bohemia is a historical region in central Europe, occupying the western two-thirds of the traditional Czech Lands. It is located in the contemporary Czech Republic with its capital in Prague...
and his first wife Elisabeth of Bohemia. She was the first wife of King John II of France
John II of France
John II , called John the Good , was the King of France from 1350 until his death. He was the second sovereign of the House of Valois and is perhaps best remembered as the king who was vanquished at the Battle of Poitiers and taken as a captive to England.The son of Philip VI and Joan the Lame,...
; however, as her death occurred a year prior to his coronation, she was never a French queen consort. Jutta was referred to in French historiography as Bonne de Luxembourg. She was a member of the House of Luxembourg
House of Luxembourg
The House of Luxembourg was a late medieval German dynasty, which between 1308 and 1437 ruled the Holy Roman Empire, twice interrupted by the rivaling House of Wittelsbach.-History:...
. King Charles V of France
Charles V of France
Charles V , called the Wise, was King of France from 1364 to his death in 1380 and a member of the House of Valois...
, and Joan of Valois, Queen of Navarre, were two of her ten children.
Family
Jutta was born in PraguePrague
Prague is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. Situated in the north-west of the country on the Vltava river, the city is home to about 1.3 million people, while its metropolitan area is estimated to have a population of over 2.3 million...
, Bohemia
Bohemia
Bohemia is a historical region in central Europe, occupying the western two-thirds of the traditional Czech Lands. It is located in the contemporary Czech Republic with its capital in Prague...
on 20 May 1315, the second eldest daughter of John the Blind of Luxembourg, King of Bohemia and Elisabeth of Bohemia. Jutta was an elder sister of the future Holy Roman Emperor Charles IV
Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor
Charles IV , born Wenceslaus , was the second king of Bohemia from the House of Luxembourg, and the first king of Bohemia to also become Holy Roman Emperor....
, who was crowned six years after Jutta's death in 1349. Jutta's maternal grandparents were, Wenceslaus II of Bohemia and his first wife, Judith of Habsburg
Judith of Habsburg
Judith of Habsburg was the youngest daughter of Rudolph I of Germany and his wife Gertrude of Hohenburg. Judith was a member of the Habsburg family.-Biography:When Judith was five, she became the object of her father's political plans...
. Her paternal grandparents were, Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor
Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor
Henry VII was the King of Germany from 1308 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1312. He was the first emperor of the House of Luxembourg...
and his wife Margaret of Brabant
Margaret of Brabant
Margaret of Brabant , was the daughter of John I, Duke of Brabant and Margaret of Flanders. She was the wife of Count Henry of Luxemburg and after his coronation in 1308, she became Queen of Germany.-Family:...
. When Jutta was about fifteen, her mother died. Her father decided to remarry, he married Beatrice of Bourbon
Beatrice of Bourbon (1320-1383)
Beatrice of Bourbon was a French noblewoman member of the House of Bourbon and by marriage Queen of Bohemia and Countess of Luxembourg.She was the youngest daughter of Louis I, Duke of Bourbon and Mary of Avesnes.-Marriage:...
. They had a son, Wenceslaus
Wenceslaus I, Duke of Luxembourg
Wenceslaus I was the first Duke of Luxembourg from 1355...
, who succeeded his father in Luxembourg
Luxembourg
Luxembourg , officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg , is a landlocked country in western Europe, bordered by Belgium, France, and Germany. It has two principal regions: the Oesling in the North as part of the Ardennes massif, and the Gutland in the south...
.
Biography
Jutta was originally betrothed to Casimir III of PolandCasimir III of Poland
Casimir III the Great , last King of Poland from the Piast dynasty , was the son of King Władysław I the Elbow-high and Hedwig of Kalisz.-Biography:...
, however this arrangement was broken and Casimir married Aldona of Lithuania. After Aldona's death, Casimir was betrothed to Jutta's elder sister Margaret, however this betrothal was also broken and Casimir remarried to Adelaide of Hesse
Adelaide of Hesse
Adelaide of Hesse was a daughter of Henry II, Landgrave of Hesse, and his wife Elisabeth of Thuringia. Adelaide was a member of the House of Hesse.-Unhappy marriage:...
.
Jutta was married to the future John II of France
John II of France
John II , called John the Good , was the King of France from 1350 until his death. He was the second sovereign of the House of Valois and is perhaps best remembered as the king who was vanquished at the Battle of Poitiers and taken as a captive to England.The son of Philip VI and Joan the Lame,...
on 28 July 1332 at the Notre-Dame de Melun in Melun
Melun
Melun is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France. Located in the south-eastern suburbs of Paris, Melun is the capital of the department, as the seat of an arrondissement...
. She was 17 years old, and the future king was 13. The name for Jutta (or Guta) translatable into English as Good (in the feminine case), was changed by the time of marriage to Bonne (French) or Bona (Latin). Upon marriage, Bonne was the wife of the heir to the French throne, becoming Duchess of Normandy, and Countess of Anjou and of Maine. The wedding was celebrated at the church of Notre-Dame in Melun in the presence of six thousand guests. The festivities were prolonged by a further two months when the young groom was finally knighted at the cathedral of Notre-Dame in Paris. Duke John of Normandy was solemnly granted the arms of a knight in front of a prestigious assistance bringing together the kings of Luxembourg and Navarre
Navarre
Navarre , officially the Chartered Community of Navarre is an autonomous community in northern Spain, bordering the Basque Country, La Rioja, and Aragon in Spain and Aquitaine in France...
, and the dukes of Burgundy
Duchy of Burgundy
The Duchy of Burgundy , was heir to an ancient and prestigious reputation and a large division of the lands of the Second Kingdom of Burgundy and in its own right was one of the geographically larger ducal territories in the emergence of Early Modern Europe from Medieval Europe.Even in that...
, Lorraine
Lorraine (province)
The Duchy of Upper Lorraine was an historical duchy roughly corresponding with the present-day northeastern Lorraine region of France, including parts of modern Luxembourg and Germany. The main cities were Metz, Verdun, and the historic capital Nancy....
and the Brabant
Duchy of Brabant
The Duchy of Brabant was a historical region in the Low Countries. Its territory consisted essentially of the three modern-day Belgian provinces of Flemish Brabant, Walloon Brabant and Antwerp, the Brussels-Capital Region and most of the present-day Dutch province of North Brabant.The Flag of...
.
She was a patron of the arts, being a favorite of composer Guillaume de Machaut
Guillaume de Machaut
Guillaume de Machaut was a Medieval French poet and composer. He is one of the earliest composers on whom significant biographical information is available....
.
She died on 11 September 1349 of the bubonic plague
Bubonic plague
Plague is a deadly infectious disease that is caused by the enterobacteria Yersinia pestis, named after the French-Swiss bacteriologist Alexandre Yersin. Primarily carried by rodents and spread to humans via fleas, the disease is notorious throughout history, due to the unrivaled scale of death...
in Maubisson
Saint-Ouen-l'Aumône
Saint-Ouen-l'Aumône is a commune in the northwestern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the center of Paris, in the "new town" of Cergy-Pontoise, created in the 1960s.-Transport:...
, France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
at the age of thirty-four. This was one year and fifteen days prior to the coronation of her husband as King, John II of France
John II of France
John II , called John the Good , was the King of France from 1350 until his death. He was the second sovereign of the House of Valois and is perhaps best remembered as the king who was vanquished at the Battle of Poitiers and taken as a captive to England.The son of Philip VI and Joan the Lame,...
. She was buried in the Abbey of Maubisson.
Less than six months after Bonne's death, John married secondly Jeanne I, Countess of Auvergne by whom he had two daughters who both died young.
Issue
John and Bonne's children were:- Charles V of FranceCharles V of FranceCharles V , called the Wise, was King of France from 1364 to his death in 1380 and a member of the House of Valois...
( 21 January 1338 – 16 September 1380) - Louis I of NaplesLouis I of NaplesLouis I of Anjou , or Louis I of Naples, was the second son of King John II of France and Bonne of Luxembourg...
( 23 July 1339 – 20 September 1384) - John, Duke of BerryJohn, Duke of BerryJohn of Valois or John the Magnificent was Duke of Berry and Auvergne and Count of Poitiers and Montpensier. He was the third son of King John II of France and Bonne of Luxemburg; his brothers were King Charles V of France, Duke Louis I of Anjou and Duke Philip the Bold of Burgundy...
( 30 November 1340 – 15 June 1416) - Philip II, Duke of BurgundyPhilip II, Duke of BurgundyPhilip the Bold , also Philip II, Duke of Burgundy , was the fourth and youngest son of King John II of France and his wife, Bonne of Luxembourg. By his marriage to Margaret III, Countess of Flanders, he also became Count Philip II of Flanders, Count Philip IV of Artois and Count-Palatine Philip IV...
( 17 January 1342 – 27 April 1404) - Joan of Valois ( 24 June 1343 – 3 November 1373)
- Marie of Valois ( 12 September 1344 - October, 1404)
- Agnes of Valois (1345–1349), died young
- Margaret of Valois (1347–1352), died young
- Isabelle of Valois ( 1 October 1348 – 11 September 1372)