Boris Ivanovich Tishchenko (Russian

Russian language

Russian is a Slavic language used primarily in Russia, Belarus, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan. It is an unofficial but widely spoken language in Ukraine, Moldova, Latvia, Turkmenistan and Estonia and, to a lesser extent, the other countries that were once constituent republics...

 Бори́с Ива́нович Ти́щенко; March 23, 1939 – December 9, 2010) was a Russian and Soviet

Soviet Union

The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....

 composer

Composer

A composer is a person who creates music, either by musical notation or oral tradition, for interpretation and performance, or through direct manipulation of sonic material through electronic media...

 and pianist

Pianist

A pianist is a musician who plays the piano. A professional pianist can perform solo pieces, play with an ensemble or orchestra, or accompany one or more singers, solo instrumentalists, or other performers.-Choice of genres:...

.

Life

Tishchenko was born in Leningrad

Saint Petersburg

Saint Petersburg is a city and a federal subject of Russia located on the Neva River at the head of the Gulf of Finland on the Baltic Sea...

. He studied at the Leningrad Musical College from 1954 to 1957. There he learnt composition under Galina Ustvolskaya

Galina Ustvolskaya

Galina Ivanovna Ustvolskaya, also Ustwolskaja or Oustvolskaia was a Russian composer of classical music.-Early years:From 1937 to 1947 she studied at the college attached to the Leningrad Conservatory . She subsequently became a postgraduate student and taught composition at the college...

 and piano under Mikhelis. Then from 1957 to 1963 he studied composition with Vadim Salmanov, Victor Voloshinov and Orest Evlakhov, and piano with L. Logovinski at the Leningrad Conservatory

Saint Petersburg Conservatory

The N. A. Rimsky-Korsakov Saint Petersburg State Conservatory is a music school in Saint Petersburg. In 2004, the conservatory had around 275 faculty members and 1,400 students.-History:...

. He took a postgraduate course with the composer Dmitri Shostakovich

Dmitri Shostakovich

Dmitri Dmitriyevich Shostakovich was a Soviet Russian composer and one of the most celebrated composers of the 20th century....

 from 1962 to 1965.

He taught at the Leningrad Conservatory from 1965, and became a professor there in 1986.

Tishchenko actively assisted in the secret delivery of the manuscript of Shostakovich's memoirs to the West. Later, however, he raised his voice in dispute against the authenticity of Testimony

Testimony (book)

Testimony is a book that was published in October 1979 by the Russian musicologist Solomon Volkov. He claimed that it was the memoirs of the composer Dmitri Shostakovich...

 published by Solomon Volkov

Solomon Volkov

Solomon Moiseyevich Volkov is a Russian journalist and musicologist. He is best known for Testimony, which was published in 1979 following his emigration from the Soviet Union in 1976...

 in 1979. In March 2006 he was announced as the first laureate of the 'Epokha Shostakovicha' prize instituted for the centennial of Shostakovich's birth. He died in Saint Petersburg.

Music

His opus includes more than seven symphonies, two violin concertos, two cello concertos, a piano concerto, five string quartets, two cello sonatas, ten piano sonatas, a requiem, chamber and vocal works, the opera The Stolen Sun, the operetta A Cockroach, three ballets The Twelve, Fly-bee and Yaroslavna (The Eclipse), and incidental music for theatre and film.

Tishchenko's music style and composing manner shows him to be a typical representative of the Leningrad composers' school. He was very much influenced by music of his teachers Dmitri Shostakovich and Galina Ustvolskaya, turning these influences in his own way. He tried to use some experimental and modernist ideas like twelve-tone

Twelve-tone technique

Twelve-tone technique is a method of musical composition devised by Arnold Schoenberg...

 or aleatoric techniques, but was much more attached to the native traditions of his homeland. He demonstrated a kind of originality, scoring his Second Cello Concerto for 48 cellos, 12 double-basses and percussion (1969). Ten years later, however, he re-orchestrated it for a more practical combination.

He was honored by Shostakovich's orchestration of his First Cello Concerto, and repaid his master by the orchestration, editing and transcription of a few scores by Shostakovich. Tishchenko's Requiem, to the forbidden poem by Anna Akhmatova

Anna Akhmatova

Anna Andreyevna Gorenko , better known by the pen name Anna Akhmatova , was a Russian and Soviet modernist poet, one of the most acclaimed writers in the Russian canon.Harrington p11...

, written in the period of political stagnation in 1966, was a courageous cultural gesture.

Stage

• Newly-Ploughed Virgin Soil, incidental music, Op. 16 (1959)
• The Twelve, ballet in four acts, Op. 25 (1963)
• The Death of Pushkin, dramatic music, Op. 38 (1967)
• Fly-Bee, ballet in one act, Op 39 (1968)
• The Stolen Sun, opera in one act, Op. 40 (1968) (libretto by Mikhail Bialik, Z. Korogodsky and B. Tishchenko, after the tale by Korney Chukovsky
  Korney Chukovsky
  Korney Ivanovich Chukovsky was one of the most popular children's poets in the Russian language. His poems, Doctor Aybolit , The Giant Roach , The Crocodile , and Wash'em'clean have been favourites with many generations of Russophone children...
  
  )
• A Cockroach, musical comedy in one act, Op. 41 (1968) (libretto by Z. Korogodsky, after the tale by Korney Chukovsky
  Korney Chukovsky
  Korney Ivanovich Chukovsky was one of the most popular children's poets in the Russian language. His poems, Doctor Aybolit , The Giant Roach , The Crocodile , and Wash'em'clean have been favourites with many generations of Russophone children...
  
  )
• The Choice, music to A. Arbuzov's Play, Op. 51 (1972)
• That One Who Gets a Slap, music to L. Andreyev's play, Op. 55 (1973)
• Circus Suite, from the above, Op. 55a (1973)
• Yaroslavna (The Eclipse), ballet in three acts, Op. 58 (1974)
• Advice and Love, music to V. Tendriakov's play, Op. 60 (1974)
• A Lark, incidental music for J. Anouilh's play, Op. 62 (1974)
• Rosa Bernd, music to G. Hauptman's play, Op. 65 (1975)
• The Children of the Sun, music to M. Gorky's play, Op. 66 (1976)
• An Ignoramus, music to D. Fonvizin's play, Op. 68 (1976)
• The Seven Call Signs, Op. 70 (1977) (music for the Olympic Games in 1980, but not used)
• Ivanov, music to A. Chekhov's play, Op. 72 (1978)
• An Emigrant from Brisbane, music to G. Shekhade's play, Op. 73 (1978)
• Richard the Third, music to W. Shakespeare's play, Op. 74 (1978)
• A Shore, music to Yu. Bondarev's play, Op. 75 (1979)
• Excuse Me, music to V. Astafiev's play, Op. 78 (1980)
• Continuation of Don Juan, music to A. Radzinsky's play, Op. 82 (1980)
• Rumours, music to A. Salinsky's play, Op. 88 (1983)
• Such a Long Winter, music to Yu. Voronov's play, Op. 89 (1984)
• Light but not Heat, music to A. Ostrovsky's play, Op. 95 (1986)
• The Three Sisters, music to Chekhov's play, Op. 102 (1987)
• The Dog's Heart, music to Chervinsky's play, Op. 103 (1988)
• The Event, music to Nabokov's play, Op. 110 (1991)
• George Dandin, Music to Molière's play, Op 117 (1993)
• Boris Godunov, music for Pushkin's tragedy, Op. 126 (1999)
• Duel, music for drama production after A. Chekhov, Op. 134 (2003)

Film Music

• On One Planet, Op. 33 (1965)
• Birth of a Ship, Op. 43 (1969)
• The Pier of That Shore, Op. 49 (1971)
• The Word about Prince Igor Troop, Op. 50 (1971) (not released)
• The Day of Reception on Personal Issues, Op. 59 (1974)
• The Children As Children, Op. 71 (1978)
• Light in a Window, Op. 79 (1980)
• Sergei Ivanovich is Retiring, Op. 80 (1980)
• Yet before the War, Op. 86 (1982) (not used)
• Fires, Op. 91 (1984)
• Igor Savovich, Op. 100 (1986)
• Lost Time, Op. 107 (1988)

Orchestral

• Symphonies
  • Symphony No. 1, Op. 20 (1961)
  • Symphony No. 2, Op. 28 (1964)
  • Symphony No. 3, Op. 36 (1966)
  • Symphony No. 4, with narrator, Op. 61 (1974)
  • Symphony No. 5, Op. 67 (1976)
  • Symphony No. 6, for soprano, contralto and symphony orchestra, Op 105 (1988)
  • Symphony No. 7, Op. 119 (1994)
• Praeludium e Fugue, for string orchestra, Op. 7 (1957)
• A French Symphony, Op. 12/116 (1958, rev. 1993)
• Danaide, symphonic poem, Op. 24 (1963)
• Octaves, Op. 26 (1963)
• Palekh, Op. 34 (1965)
• Sinfonia Robusta, Op. 46 (1970)
• Praeludium in E, symphonic piece, Op. 87 (1983) (Dedicated to the jubilee of Y. Mravinsky's orchestra)
• The Blockade Chronicle, a symphony for full orchestra, Op.92 (1984)
• Concerto Alla Marcia, for sixteen soloists, Op. 106 (1989)
• Beatrice (Choreo-symphonic cycle, 1998–2005)
  • Dante Symphony No. 1 ("Among the living"), Op. 123 No. 1 (1998)
  • Dante Symphony No. 2 ("Abandon Hope, All Ye Who Enter Here"), Op. 123 No. 2 (2000)
  • Dante Symphony No. 3 ("Inferno"), Op. 123 No. 3 (2001)
  • Dante Symphony No. 4 ("Purgatory"), Op. 123 No. 4 (2003)
  • Dante Symphony No. 5 ("Paradise"), Op. 123 No. 5 (2005)
• A Pushkin Symphony, Op. 125 (1998)
• Huge Sonata for string orchestra, Op. 132 (2002)
• Variations on three themes by D. Shostakovich for symphony orchestra, Op. 143 (2005)

Concertante

• Piano Concerto, Op. 21 (1962)
• Violin Concerto No. 1, Op. 9/29 (1958, rev. 1964)
• Violin Concerto No. 2, Op. 84 (1981)
• Cello Concerto No. 1, for solo cello, 17 wind instruments, percussion, and harmonium, Op. 23 (1963) (Also orchestrated by Dmitri Shostakovich
  Dmitri Shostakovich
  Dmitri Dmitriyevich Shostakovich was a Soviet Russian composer and one of the most celebrated composers of the 20th century....
  
   in 1969)
• Cello Concerto No. 2, for solo cello, 48 cellos, 12 double-basses, and percussion, Op. 44 (1969, rearranged for orchestra in 1979)
• Concerto for Flute, Piano and String Orchestra, Op. 54 (1972)
• Harp Concerto, Op. 69 (1977)
• Concerto for Violin, Piano and String Orchestra, Op. 144 (2006)

Piano

• Variations for piano, Op. 1 (1956)
• Piano Sonatas
  • Piano Sonata No. 1, Op. 3/121 (1957, rev. 1995)
  • Piano Sonata No. 2, Op. 17 (1960)
  • Piano Sonata No. 3, Op. 32 (1965)
  • Piano Sonata No. 4, Op. 53 (1972)
  • Piano Sonata No. 5, Op. 56 (1973)
  • Piano Sonata No. 6, Op. 64 (1976)
  • Piano Sonata No. 7, with bells, Op. 85 (1982)
  • Piano Sonata No. 8, Op. 99 (1986)
  • Piano Sonata No. 9, Op. 114 (1992)
  • Piano Sonata No. 10, Op. 124 (1997)
• Suite for Piano No. 1, Op. 4 (1957)
• Suite for Piano No. 2, Op. 6 (1957)
• A Muleteer, fable for piano, Op. 11 (1958)
• Three Riddles for Piano, Op. 19 (1960)
• Eight Portraits for Piano 4-hands, Op. 122b (1996)
• Invasion, concert étude for piano on the theme of P. Dvoirin, Op. 131 (2002)
• Muddle, concert étude for piano on the theme of P. Dvoirin, Op. 133 (2003)

Instrumental

• Sonata for Solo Violin No. 1, Op. 5 (1957)
• Sonata for Solo Violin No. 2, Op. 63 (1975)
• Sonata for Solo Cello No. 1, Op. 18 (1960)
• Sonata for Solo Cello No. 2, Op. 76 (1979)
• Sonata for Solo Cello No. 3, Op. 136 (2003)
• Rondo for Violin and Piano, Op 2 (1956)
• Twelve Inventions for Organ, Op. 27 (1964)
• Capriccio for Violin and Piano, Op. 31 (1965)
• Two Pieces for Percussion, Op. 45 (1970)
• Four Pieces for Tuba solo, Op. 94 (1985)
• Twelve Portraits for Organ, Op. 113 (1992)
• Fantasy for Violin and Piano, Op. 118 (1994)
• Sonata for Recorder (five instruments) and Organ, Op. 127 (1999)

Chamber

• Praeludium e Fugue, for string quartet (1957)
• String Quartets
  • String Quartet No. 1, Op. 8 (1957)
  • String Quartet No. 2, Op. 13 (1959)
  • String Quartet No. 3, Op. 47 (1970)
  • String Quartet No. 4, Op. 77 (1980)
  • String Quartet No. 5, Op. 90 (1984)
• Northern Exercises, suite for ensemble, Op. 42 (1968)
• Piano Quintet, Op. 93 (1985)
• The Dog's Heart, novels for chamber ensemble (after Mikhail Bulgakov
  Mikhail Bulgakov
  Mikhaíl Afanásyevich Bulgákov was a Soviet Russian writer and playwright active in the first half of the 20th century. He is best known for his novel The Master and Margarita, which The Times of London has called one of the masterpieces of the 20th century.-Biography:Mikhail Bulgakov was born on...
  
  , Op. 104 (1988)
• Concerto for Clarinet and Piano Trio, Op. 109 (1990)

Vocal Orchestral

• Lenin is Alive, cantata after Vladimir Mayakovsky
  Vladimir Mayakovsky
  Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky was a Russian and Soviet poet and playwright, among the foremost representatives of early-20th century Russian Futurism.- Early life :...
  
   for mixed chorus with orchestra, Op. 15 (1959)
• Suzdal, suite for soprano, tenor and chamber-orchestra, Op. 30 (1964)
• Requiem, after Anna Akhmatova
  Anna Akhmatova
  Anna Andreyevna Gorenko , better known by the pen name Anna Akhmatova , was a Russian and Soviet modernist poet, one of the most acclaimed writers in the Russian canon.Harrington p11...
  
   for soprano, tenor and symphony orchestra, Op. 35 (1966)
• Hard Frost, aria for mezzo-soprano and orchestra, Op. 60a (1974)
• Beatrice, choral-symphonic cycle after Dante
  Dante Alighieri
  Durante degli Alighieri, mononymously referred to as Dante , was an Italian poet, prose writer, literary theorist, moral philosopher, and political thinker. He is best known for the monumental epic poem La commedia, later named La divina commedia ...
  
  's "Divine Comedy", Op. 123 (1997)
• The Run of Time, vocal cycle on poems by Anna Akhmatova for soprano and string orchestra, Op. 135b (2003)

Vocal

• A White Stork, vocal cycle for medium voice and piano, Op. 10 (1958)
• Yuaffu, four choruses for chorus a cappella, Op. 14 No. 1 (1959)
• Energy, fugue for chorus a cappella, Op. 14 No. 2 (1959)
• The Wedding Song for female chorus, Op. 16a (1959)
• Sad Songs, vocal cycle for soprano and piano, Op. 22 (1962)
• Three Songs to Verses by Marina Tsvetaeva
  Marina Tsvetaeva
  Marina Ivanovna Tsvetaeva was a Russian and Soviet poet. Her work is considered among some of the greatest in twentieth century Russian literature. She lived through and wrote of the Russian Revolution of 1917 and the Moscow famine that followed it. In an attempt to save her daughter Irina from...
  
  for medium voice and piano, Op. 48 (1970)
• Five Songs to Verses by O. Driz for medium voice and piano, Op. 57 (1974)
• The Will for soprano, harp and organ, Op. 96 (1986)
• To My Brother for soprano, flute and harp, Op. 98 (1986)
• The Garden of Music, cantata for soprano, mezzo-soprano, baritone and piano trio, Op. 101 (1987)
• The Chelom Wise Men, a vocal-instrumental quartet for violin, soprano, bass and piano, Op. 112 (1991)
• The Devildraft, cycle for medium voice and piano, Op. 120 (1995)
• Sea Background, three études for low voice and piano on poems by A. Tolstoy, Op. 128 (2000)
• Our Hour of Death is Inevitable, three romances for middle voice and piano on poems by H. Heine, D. Harms and I. Guberman, Op. 129 (2001)
• Simple Truth, three romances on poems by S. Marshak, M. Tsvetaeva and G. Shpalikov. Op. 130 (2001)
• The Run of Time, vocal cycle on poems by Anna Akhmatova for soprano, violin and cello, Op. 135 (2003)
• The Orange, vocal cycle on poems of different poets for soprano, bass and piano, Op. 137 (2004)
• Strong Thoughts, for soloists and chorus a cappella, Op. 145 (2006)

Arrangements/Orchestrations

• L'Incoronazione di Poppea, Orchestration of the opera by C. Monteverdi, Op. 37 (1967)
• Deciphering of Japanese Gagaku, Op.52 (1972)
• Boris Godunov, Orchestration for three Choruses from Prokofiev's Music to Pushkin's Tragedy, Op. 52a (1972)
• Satires, orchestration of Shostakovich's Vocal Cycle to words by S. Chorny, Op. 81 (1980)
• Version of Shostakovich Piano Trio No. 1, Opus 81 Bis (1980)
• Four Poems by Captain Lebyadkin, orchestration of Shostakovich's vocal cycle to words by Dostoyevsky, Op. 97 (1986)
• Antiformalistic Little Paradise (Rayok), Orchestration of Shostakovich vocal cycle, Op. 108 (1989)
• Orchestration of four romances by Grieg, Op 111 (1991)
• Orchestration of seven songs by Mahler, Op. 115 (1993)
• Five Romances on poems from the magazine „Crocodile“, orchestration of vocal cycle by Shostakovich, Op. 138 (2005)
• Musical Escapade, orchestration of vocal cycle by I. Schlein, Op. 139 (2005)
• Reconstruction of two lost parts of the symphony "Americas" by I. Schlein, Op. 139b (2005)
• Lamento, orchestration of third movement of Piano Sonata No. 29 by Beethoven for harp and string orchestra, Op. 140 (2005)
• Reconstruction of the beginning of Part IV of Symphony No. 2 by I. Schlein, Op. 141 (2005)
• Vocalis Etude, orchestration of piece by Maurice Ravel, Op. 142 (2005) (In the form of Habañera)

External links

• The Official site of composer Boris Tishchenko
• Boris Tishchenko Internet Edition compiled by Onno van Rijen