Boston Air Route Traffic Control Center (ZBW) is located in Nashua, New Hampshire

New Hampshire

New Hampshire is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. The state was named after the southern English county of Hampshire. It is bordered by Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine and the Atlantic Ocean to the east, and the Canadian...

, United States

United States

The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...

. The Boston ARTCC is one of 22 Air Route Traffic Control Centers in the United States.

The primary responsibility of ZBW is the separation of overflights, and the expedited sequencing of arrivals and departures along STARs (Standard Terminal Arrival Route

Standard Terminal Arrival Route

In aviation, a standard terminal arrival route or standard terminal arrival is a published procedure followed by aircraft on an IFR flight plan just before reaching a destination airport.-Description:...

s) and SIDs (Standard Instrument Departure

Standard Instrument Departure

Standard instrument departure routes, also known as departure procedures are published flight procedures followed by aircraft on an IFR flight plan immediately after take-off from an airport.- Introduction :...

s) for the Boston Metropolitan Area, the New York Metropolitan Area, and many other areas.

Boston Center is the 14th busiest Air Traffic Control Center in the United States. In 2010, Boston Center was responsible for handling 1,721,000 flights. The Boston ARTCC currently covers 165000 square miles (427,348 km²) of airspace that includes airports in Connecticut

Connecticut

Connecticut is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States. It is bordered by Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, and the state of New York to the west and the south .Connecticut is named for the Connecticut River, the major U.S. river that approximately...

, Vermont

Vermont

Vermont is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. The state ranks 43rd in land area, , and 45th in total area. Its population according to the 2010 census, 630,337, is the second smallest in the country, larger only than Wyoming. It is the only New England...

, Massachusetts

Massachusetts

The Commonwealth of Massachusetts is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. It is bordered by Rhode Island and Connecticut to the south, New York to the west, and Vermont and New Hampshire to the north; at its east lies the Atlantic Ocean. As of the 2010...

, Rhode Island

Rhode Island

The state of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, more commonly referred to as Rhode Island , is a state in the New England region of the United States. It is the smallest U.S. state by area...

, Maine

Maine

Maine is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States, bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the east and south, New Hampshire to the west, and the Canadian provinces of Quebec to the northwest and New Brunswick to the northeast. Maine is both the northernmost and easternmost...

, New Hampshire

New Hampshire

New Hampshire is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. The state was named after the southern English county of Hampshire. It is bordered by Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine and the Atlantic Ocean to the east, and the Canadian...

, New York

New York

New York is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east...

 State and Northeast Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania

The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania is a U.S. state that is located in the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States. The state borders Delaware and Maryland to the south, West Virginia to the southwest, Ohio to the west, New York and Ontario, Canada, to the north, and New Jersey to...

.

Basic Breakdown of Sectors

ZBW has a total of 30 sectors. These are broken down into Low Altitude, High Altitude, and Super High Altitude sectors, with 16 low sectors, 10 high sectors, and 1 super high sector. There are also 3 Low-High Altitude sectors which usually cover from the surface to unlimited and do not fit into any of the other sector categories. Within the Center, there are 5 Areas, which other ARTCCs often refer to as Specialties.

Area Breakdown

In ZBW, the Areas are labeled A through E.

Area A covers the majority of northeast New York State. Area A handles a large quantity of traffic that has departed Boston Logan International Airport or other nearby airports, as well as descending arrivals destined to New York Metropolitan airports and other airports in ZBW airspace.

Area B covers most of Vermont and New Hampshire. Area B is primarily responsible for descending Boston Logan and Manchester-Boston Regional Airport

Manchester-Boston Regional Airport

Manchester-Boston Regional Airport , commonly referred to simply as "Manchester Airport," is a public airport located three miles south of the central business district of Manchester, New Hampshire on the county line of Hillsborough and Rockingham counties...

 arrivals, as well as climbing departures from these airports. Area B also descends and climbs traffic to and from airports such as Albany International Airport

Albany International Airport

Albany International Airport is a public use airport located six nautical miles northwest of the central business district of Albany, in Albany County, New York, United States. It is owned by the Albany County Airport Authority....

, Burlington International Airport

Burlington International Airport

Burlington International Airport is a joint-use public and military airport in Chittenden County, Vermont, United States. It is owned by the City of Burlington...

, and Bradley International Airport

Bradley International Airport

Bradley International Airport is a joint civil-military public airport located in Windsor Locks on the border with East Granby and Suffield, in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States. It is owned by the State of Connecticut....

.

Area C covers portions of Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island. Area C also covers about 60 miles (96.6 km) of over-ocean airspace south of Long Island. Area C is responsible for descending Boston Logan arrivals, climbing Boston Logan departures, and working arrival and departure traffic to and from John F. Kennedy International Airport

John F. Kennedy International Airport

John F. Kennedy International Airport is an international airport located in the borough of Queens in New York City, about southeast of Lower Manhattan. It is the busiest international air passenger gateway to the United States, handling more international traffic than any other airport in North...

. Area C also climbs all northeast-bound and oceanic departures from the New York Metropolitan area. Additionally, Area C descends and climbs traffic to and from airports such as T. F. Green Airport

T. F. Green Airport

T. F. Green Airport , also known as Theodore Francis Green State Airport, is a public airport located in Warwick, six miles south of Providence, in Kent County, Rhode Island, USA. Dedicated in 1931, the airport was named for former Rhode Island governor and longtime senator Theodore F. Green...

, Long Island MacArthur Airport

Long Island MacArthur Airport

Long Island MacArthur Airport, formerly known as Islip Airport is a public airport located on Long Island, in Ronkonkoma, Town of Islip, Suffolk County, New York, United States. It is seven miles northeast of the central business district of Islip hamlet...

, and Bradley International. Area C is the busiest area in Boston Center.

Area D is easily the largest area in ZBW, covering almost half of the total airspace. Area D overlies the eastern portions of Massachusetts and New Hampshire, and most of Maine, as well as owning airspace extending around 150 miles (241.4 km) east of the coast. Area D is responsible for descending and climbing traffic to and from Boston Logan, Bangor International Airport

Bangor International Airport

Bangor International Airport is a joint civil-military public airport located west of the city of Bangor, in Penobscot County, Maine, United States. It is owned and operated by the City of Bangor and was formerly a military installation known as Dow Air Force Base. The airport possesses a single...

, Portland International Jetport

Portland International Jetport

Portland International Jetport is a public airport located two miles west of the central business district of Portland, in Cumberland County, Maine, United States. It is owned by the city of Portland...

, and all Cape Cod

Cape Cod

Cape Cod, often referred to locally as simply the Cape, is a cape in the easternmost portion of the state of Massachusetts, in the Northeastern United States...

 area airports.

Area E covers portions of New York State and western Massachusetts. Area E is primarily responsible for working traffic landing and departing New York Metropolitan airports such as John F. Kennedy International Airport

John F. Kennedy International Airport

John F. Kennedy International Airport is an international airport located in the borough of Queens in New York City, about southeast of Lower Manhattan. It is the busiest international air passenger gateway to the United States, handling more international traffic than any other airport in North...

, Newark Liberty International Airport

Newark Liberty International Airport

Newark Liberty International Airport , first named Newark Metropolitan Airport and later Newark International Airport, is an international airport within the city limits of both Newark and Elizabeth, New Jersey, United States...

, and LaGuardia Airport

LaGuardia Airport

LaGuardia Airport is an airport located in the northern part of Queens County on Long Island in the City of New York. The airport is located on the waterfront of Flushing Bay and Bowery Bay, and borders the neighborhoods of Astoria, Jackson Heights and East Elmhurst. The airport was originally...

. The New York TRACON

New York TRACON

The New York Terminal Radar Approach Control is located in Westbury, New York. New York TRACON, also known as N90, is a consolidated TRACON meaning that a single location provides approach service for several large airports....

 underlies most of Area E.

ZBW is bordered by the following ARTCCs/ACCs/FIRs:

• New York ARTCC (ZNY)
• Cleveland ARTCC (ZOB)
• Washington ARTCC (ZDC)
• Montreal ACC
  Montreal Area Control Centre
  Montreal Area Control Centre is one of 7 Area Control Centres in Canada operated by Nav Canada. Montreal ACC is located in a building on the outskirts of Montréal-Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport....
  
   (ZUL)
• Moncton ACC (ZQM)
• Toronto ACC (ZYZ)

Low Altitude Sectors

• ALB 22 (Albany 22) - 121.350/257.850 Departure traffic flows consist of all jets off Albany requesting flight levels and prop departures going north, east or west. Bradley jet departures routed over CTR also traverse this sector. En route traffic flows include eastbound traffic on V2, westbound traffic on V490, northbound on V487, and south bound over ALB. Arrivals to EWR, PVD, ISP, HPN, BDL, LGA, MHT, SYR and ALB are descended through the Albany Sector. The Albany Sector controls from 110 up to FL230. It overlies about half of Albany ATCT and shares a common boundary with fourteen ZBW sectors. This sector is a departure, en route and arrival sector.
• HNK 23 (Hancock 23) - 133.250/279.500 This sector controls both arrivals and departures from SYR, UCA and BGM. It is also responsible for IFR approaches and departures to and from OIC, N66 and N23. The major traffic flows include arrivals to ALB, V167 traffic to EWR, V433 traffic to New York area airports, V14 traffic eastbound and V2 traffic westbound. The Hancock Sector controls from the ground up to 17,000 feet MSL. It shares a common boundary with Syracuse ATCT, Binghamton ATCT, Albany ATCT, Wilkes-Barre ATCT, New York TRACON
  New York TRACON
  The New York Terminal Radar Approach Control is located in Westbury, New York. New York TRACON, also known as N90, is a consolidated TRACON meaning that a single location provides approach service for several large airports....
  
   (LIB Sector), two ZNY sectors, one ZOB sector and five ZBW sectors.

High Altitude Sectors

• UCA 09 (Utica 09) - 123.8700/323.00 The Utica Sector controls FL 280 to FL 600. It shares a common boundary with three ZOB sectors and 9 ZBW sectors. The sector’s primary traffic flow is westbound on J547. This traffic includes aircraft landing at ORD, DTW, CLE and MSP. Another traffic flow comes through the sector from the Canadian facilities. This includes traffic to and from YUL, YOW, YMX and JFK. Most traffic crosses at SYR. Two ARs and 5 ATCAAs are also found in this sector.
• DNY 24 (Delancey 24) - 127.37/388.8 The Delancey Sector is responsible for sequencing and descending aircraft destined to ALB, PHL,EWR, HPN, LGA and BDL. Most conflicts occur in the area from HNK to DNY to RKA and back to HNK. This is where most of the aircraft in this sector will be crossing and descending. The Delancey Sector controls from FL180 up to FL270. It shares a common boundary with two ZOB sectors, three ZNY sectors, and seven ZBW sectors.

Low-High Altitude Sectors

• ART 08 (Watertown 08) - 135.250/377.1000 This sector shares a common boundary with five different Canadian facilities. The Watertown Sector contains IRs, VRs, ARs, MOAs, ATCAAs and a Restricted Area. The Watertown Sector controls from the ground up except for the airspace that underlies the Utica Sector, which owns FL 280 and above, and the airspace delegated to Syracuse ATCT, Utica ATCT, Wheeler Sack ATCT, and Montreal Center.

The sector is responsible for IFR approaches and departures at MAL, MSS, YCC, OGS, and PTD. The sector also contains a number of small airports without SIAPs.

Super High Altitude Sectors

• RKA 10 (Rockdale 10) - 124.120/273.550 The primary traffic flow through the sector is east bound. The sector’s primary purpose is to sequence traffic to BOS, BDL, PVD and PIT. At HNK, PIT and PVD arrivals cross with JFK departures that are still climbing to altitude.Just east of RKA, PIT arrivals cross with BDL arrivals. South of SYR, aircraft flightplanned toward JHW conflict with IAD and YUL arrivals, and all of these traffic flows conflict with eastbound traffic from ZOB. The Rockdale Sector controls FL280 and above. It shares a common boundary with two ZOB sectors, one ZNY sector and four ZBW sectors.

Low Altitude Sectors

• GDM 36 (Gardner 36) - 123.75/338.2 GDM Sector controls aircraft in an area encompassing Gardner, MA; Keene, NH; Mount Monadnock, NH; Turners Falls Airport (Montague, MA); Mount Snow Airport (West Dover, VT) flight level
  Flight level
  A Flight Level is a standard nominal altitude of an aircraft, in hundreds of feet. This altitude is calculated from the International standard pressure datum of 1013.25 hPa , the average sea-level pressure, and therefore is not necessarily the same as the aircraft's true altitude either...
  
   230 and below. En route NAVAIDs EEN VORTAC, GDM VORTAC.BOS, BOS satellite airport and MHT arrivals make up most of the turbojet traffic transitioning through the sector. GDM Sector also provides service to tower en route traffic entering and departing the New York metropolitan area at and below 10,000 feet. Radar coverage in the GDM Sector is very good due to its close proximity to ARSR and ASR
  ASR
  ASR may refer to:* Asr, the daily afternoon prayer in Islam* ASR Records, a record label* Academy at Swift River, a coeducational therapeutic boarding school for teenagers...
  
  -9 radars.Traffic advisories are also provided to VFR
  Visual flight rules
  Visual flight rules are a set of regulations which allow a pilot to operate an aircraft in weather conditions generally clear enough to allow the pilot to see where the aircraft is going. Specifically, the weather must be better than basic VFR weather minimums, as specified in the rules of the...
  
   aircraft as workload permits. When traffic permits Sector 37 (Concord) is combined at Sector 36 (Gardner).

• CON 37 (Concord 37) - 134.7/381.400 CON sector controls aircraft in an area covering the southern portion of New Hampshire, flight level 230 and below except for areas controlled by Boston Consolidated TRACON
  Boston Consolidated TRACON
  The Boston Consolidated TRACON is located at 25 Robert Milligan Parkway in Merrimack, New Hampshire. BCT opened in 2004 after 8 years of development. The A90 function transferred to the new Boston Consolidated TRACON on February 22, 2004. The MHT function transferred over on March 7, 2004....
  
  . En route NAVAIDs LEB, MHT VORDMEs and CON VORTAC. BOS, BOS satellite departures to the north and west fly through the CON sector. CON also provides approach control services to LEB airport. This sector is responsible for controlling LASER S and AR631. When traffic permits this sector is combined with Sector 36 (Gardner).
• MPV 52 (Montpelier 52) - 135.700/282.200 (or 120.35 at or below 10,000 in the SLK area)This sector is stratified from the surface to FL230. Traffic at FL180 and above is primarily en route via J595 or ALB-YSC, creating a crossing point 50 miles east of PLB. Low altitude traffic is not generally on any preferential route; there is no well defined crossing point in the low structure. There is a high volume of traffic on V141 between BTV and LEB. Sector 52 is the controlling sector for YANKEE 1 and 2 MOAs. Sector 52 owns all airspace within its lateral boundaries at all altitudes, except for that portion delegated to Sector 37, and those portions delegated to Burlington and Portland ATCTs via LOA. When traffic permits Sector 53 is combined with Sector 52.

High Altitude Sectors

• ATHENS 38 (ATHENS 38) - 135.320/360.600 There are two eastbound flows of traffic in Sector 38. One is along J16, consisting of high altitude Boston terminal arrival traffic. The other is along J68 for PVD and Long Island metro arrivals. Crossing with these flows is north/south traffic to/from NY metro, destined for Canada and overseas. Sector 38 owns all airspace within its lateral boundaries at and above FL240. When traffic permits Sector 39 is combined with Sector 38.
• CAM 39 (Cambridge 39) - 128.320/348.700 Sector 39 is the high altitude, west departure sector for Boston metro. Traffic is primarily westbound,handed off from Sector 37, and climbing to en route flight levels. New York departure traffic crosses the Boston departure track about 30 NM west of MHT. Sector 39 is also responsible for sequencing high altitude NY arrival traffic flight planned over ALB. Sector 39 owns all airspace within its lateral boundaries at and above FL240. When traffic permits sector 39 is combined with sector 38.
• PLB 53 (Plattsburg 53) - 118.82/251.075 This sector is stratified at FL240 and above. High altitude traffic is primarily north/south traffic going in or out of BTV, YUL, and YOW. Any crossing traffic is likely to occur at PLB. Low altitude traffic is also north/south into the same terminals. Sector 53 owns all airspace within its lateral boundaries. When traffic permits Sector 53 is combined with Sector 52. The sector contains a portion of the LASER ATCAAs and abuts the AKS and SCOTTY ATCAAs.

Low Altitude Sectors

• SARDI 32 (SARDI 32) - 135.800/132.300//292.150 This sector serves as a departure sector for North Atlantic JFK departures, arrival sector for Long Island and southern Connecticut airports, and an en route sector for north/south low altitude overflights. The departures are handed off by N90 (JFK and ISP areas), and the arrivals are handed off to New York TRACON
  New York TRACON
  The New York Terminal Radar Approach Control is located in Westbury, New York. New York TRACON, also known as N90, is a consolidated TRACON meaning that a single location provides approach service for several large airports....
  
   (ISP area).
• PVD 34 (Providence 34) - 124.850/269.200 (Handles BOS arrivals from the southwest)The sector serves as a primary arrival sector for jets landing Logan Airport that are handed off to Boston ATCT. Additional traffic flows include Bradley departures traveling southeast and non-jet arrivals landing Boston south satellite airports. The sector serves as a meter sector for Logan Airport.
• BOSOX 47 (BOSOX 47) - 133.4200/307.900 (Handles BOS departures to the west-southwest & BED/PVD arrivals/depts to/from west)The sector serves as a primary departure sector for departures handed off by Boston ATCT and by Providence ATCT traveling west/southwest. Additional traffic includes Bradley departures via HFD VOR handed off by Bradley ATCT and Boston north satellite arrivals handed off to Bradley ATCT
• ERICK 33 (ERICK 33) - 132.300/346.300 The primary traffic flow in the sector is JFK arrivals via CCC which are handed off to New York TRACON
  New York TRACON
  The New York Terminal Radar Approach Control is located in Westbury, New York. New York TRACON, also known as N90, is a consolidated TRACON meaning that a single location provides approach service for several large airports....
  
  (JFK Area). Additional traffic flows are Providence arrivals from the southwest and low altitude north/south overflights.

High Altitude Sectors

• HTO 31 (Hampton 31) - 124.52/299.7 The primary traffic flow in the sector is north/south overflights. Additional flows are North Atlantic JFK departures and Providence arrivals from the southwest. The primary area for traffic conflicts is southwest of HTO between the JFK departures, PHL arrivals, and other overflight traffic.
• BOS 46 (Boston 46) - Currently 126.220, past freqs were 118.420 & 127.820/370.900 The primary traffic flows in the sector are Logan and Providence departures to the west/southwest, JFK arrivals via TRAIT Intersection, and overflights.
• YANKEE 49 (Yankee 49) - 132.3

Low Altitude Sectors

• SURRY 15 (SURRY 15) - 120.25/124.750/121.6(Clearance Delivery Frequency/290.500/346.400/239.05/290.500/321.300 Sector 15 is a low altitude sector that serves a number of ME airports: BGR, BXM, AUG, HUL, PQI and PNN. It also contains a limited amount of military traffic utilizing IR routes, air refueling tracks and SUA. There is a wide variety of traffic flows within the sector. The sector abuts Moncton Centre, Montreal Centre, Quebec Terminal, Brunswick RATCF, Portland ATCT, Bangor ATCT and ZBW sectors.
• PARSO 16 (PARSO 16) - 128.200/124.250/263.050/319.100 Sector 16 is a low altitude sector that contains departure and arrival traffic into airports such as: PWM, BXM, PSM, LEW, AUG, RKD and BOS. There is also a significant amount of overflight traffic proceeding between BOS and ME. The Sector coordinates with Portland ATCT, BCT, Cape TRACON, and ZBW sectors. Parso Sector assumes Portland ATCT airspace during mid-shift closures of these facilities.

High Altitude Sectors

• MLT 01 (Millinocket 01) - 128.050//319.100 Sector 01 is a high altitude sector that contains four major traffic flows that run north, south, east, and west. The traffic proceeding north and south consists mainly of aircraft proceeding to and from overseas destinations. The east and west traffic flows transit between Moncton and Montreal Centres and overseas airports. Coordination is conducted with Moncton Centre, Montreal Centre, Quebec Terminal and ZBW sectors.
• AUG 02 (Augusta 02) - 134.950//307.000 Sector 02 is a high altitude sector consisting mainly of overseas traffic proceeding north/south or east/west. The sector also serves a number of aircraft, climbing/descending high altitude, which are departing and arriving ME and NH airports. The sector coordinates with Moncton Centre, Montreal Centre and ZBW sectors.

Low-High Altitude Sectors

• ACK 17 (Nantucket 17) - 133.45 Sector 17 is stratified from the surface to FL999. Traffic flow within the sector is mainly east/west and consists mostly of high altitude aircraft proceeding to and from overseas destinations. The sector coordinates with Moncton Centre, New York ARTCC, Cape TRACON, VACAPES (Giant Killer) and ZBW sectors.
• CAPE 18 (Cape 18) - 132.900 or 128.750/133.450/290.3/269.300/307.000 Sector 18 is stratified from the surface to FL999. The sector traffic consists of departure and arrival traffic to airports such as FMH, HYA, ACK, MVY and PVD. There is also a significant number of BOS departures and some overflight traffic. The Sector coordinates with BCT, Boston Tower, Cape TRACON, Providence ATCT, VACAPES (Giant Killer) and ZBW sectors.

Low Altitude Sectors

• SWF 05 (Stewart 05) - 134.300/256.900 Sector 05 primarily works New York metropolitan arrivals. The sector provides en route spacing to EWR and EWR satellite airports in a southerly flow. Sector 05 also sequences aircraft landing LGA and HPN airports, and their respective satellites that are entering Sector 06. In addition, Sector 05 works arrivals and departures to/from the Catskill area airports, as well as en route traffic on V408, V106, and V58.
• PWL 06 (Pawling 06) - 128.100/351.700 Sector 06 primarily works LGA, HPN, JFK, and ISP area arrivals. The primary flow of traffic is to the south, in a descending configuration. The sector also works Bradley departures that climb southwest bound into Sector 20, ALB arrivals proceeding to the north and other en route traffic on V58, V487, and V292.
• CTR 07 (Chester 07) - 127.650/398.900 Sector 07 works arrival traffic to the Bradley terminal area via the Albany VORTAC, the SWEDESTAR, and all departure traffic via Pawling and Chester VORs. In addition, Sector 07 works arrival and departure traffic to and from Albany, en route traffic to EWR, LGA, HPN, MHT, BOS, Boston satellites, and all en route traffic on V39/V93. Metering requirements for BOS are accomplished at the WHATE Intersection.
• DXR 19 (Danbury 19) - 134.000/317.700 Sector 19 works New York metropolitan departures to the north/northeast via GREKI, MERIT and BAYYS Intersections. Sector 19 sequences BOS arrival traffic from overhead the JFK VOR with turbojet departures via MERIT from the New York metropolitan area. In addition, Sector 19 works arrivals to BDL, ORH, BED, MHT, and SWF via DPK, and ALB arrivals via LGA.
• CANAN 21 (CANAN 21) - 132.650/379.100 Sector 21 sequences southbound arrival traffic to the New York metropolitan airports that will enter Sector 05 and 06. In addition, Sector 21 works arrival and departures to the Albany and Bradley terminal areas and en route traffic on V270 and V292.

High Altitude Sectors

• IGN 20 (Kingston 20) - 125.575/343.800 Sector 20 is the only high altitude sector in Area E. The sector sequences BDL, ORH, ALB, and Catskill area departures with en route traffic on J80, J77, J6, J75, and J37. Sector 20 also works aircraft landing LGA and JFK from the north and northwest as well as aircraft departing the New York metropolitan area proceeding over CAM or MARTN.

Traffic Management Unit (TMU)

It is the job of the TMU to balance air traffic demand with system capacity to ensure maximum efficiency and utilitzation of the airspace. As a result this creates a safe and orderly flow of traffic while minimizing delays. The TMU reports to the ATCSCC (Air Traffic Control System command center).

Some of the methods that can be used to help minimize delays are the following:

• Altitude
• Minutes-in-trail/Miles-in-trail
• Fix balancing
• Airborne Holding
• Sequencing programs which include Departure sequencing program (DSP), Arrival Sequencing Program (ASP)or En-route sequencing program (ESP).
• Ground Delay Programs
• Ground Stops.

Center Weather Service Unit

The CWSU (Center Weather Service Unit) is a Joint Aviation Weather Support Team composed of NWS(National Weather Service) meteorologist and an STMC (Supervisory Traffic Management Coordinator)/TMC (Traffic Management Coordinator) assigned to the WC (Weather Coordinator) Position. The purpose of the CWSU is to provide weather consultation and advice to managers and staff within ZBW and to other FAA facilities.

Flight Data Communications Unit

The purpose this is unit is to provide data processing and monitor all flight plan related entries into the HOCSR (HOST Oceanic Control System Replacement) computer.