Boston City Council
Encyclopedia
The Boston City Council is the legislative branch of government for the city of Boston
. It is made up of 13 members: 9 district representatives and 4 at-large members. Councilors are elected to two-year terms and there is no limit on the number of terms an individual can serve. Boston uses a strong-mayor form of government in which the city council acts as a check against the power of the executive branch, the mayor
. The Council is responsible for approving the city budget
; monitoring, creating, and abolishing city agencies
; making land use
decisions; and approving, amending, or rejecting other legislative proposals.
The leader of the City Council is the president and is elected each year by the Council. A majority vote (7-6) is necessary to elect a councilor to president. When the mayor travels out of state or is removed from office, the City Council president serves as acting mayor. The president leads Council meetings and appoints councilors to committees.
/East Boston
/North End
(District 1), South End
/South Boston (District 2), Dorchester
(District 3), Mattapan and parts of Dorchester (District 4), Hyde Park
/Roslindale (District 5), Jamaica Plain/West Roxbury
(District 6), Roxbury
(District 7), Fenway
/Back Bay
/Beacon Hill
/West End
/Mission Hill
(District 8), and Allston
/Brighton
(District 9).
The members of the 2009 City Council are:
By law Boston municipal elections are nonpartisan in that candidates do not represent a specific political party. However, most city councilors have been members of the Democratic party. John W. Sears was the first Republican elected to the Council, in 1980. Chuck Turner, previous Councilman for District 7, was a member of the Green-Rainbow Party
. Tito Jackson was elected as the District 7 representative to the Boston City Council in a special election on March 15, 2011.
City Council salaries since 1980:
in the city. When the Boston city charter was rewritten in 1909, the Board of Aldermen and the Common Council were replaced by a nine-member City Council. All nine councilors were elected at-large for terms lasting two years. The new charter also gave the Mayor the power to veto all acts of the City Council. The first council meeting as a unicameral body occurred on February 7, 1910.
In November 1981, Boston voters approved again changing the composition of the Council, to 13 members: 9 district representatives and 4 at-large members. However, the referendum did not indicate how the district lines would be drawn, only that the districts be of approximately equal population and district lines not cut across city precinct
s.
The Council created a districting committee to propose several different possible district maps and hold public hearings before presenting one plan to the Council to approve. State law required the City Council to make a final decision on the districts within 90 days of being notified that the referendum had officially passed, meaning that the Council voting on the districts would be the 1982 Council, not the 1981 Council creating them. Then-president Patrick McDonough, who opposed district representation, appointed Rosemary Sansone, a major advocate of district representation, as chair of the districting committee, but chose Frederick Langone, Albert O'Neil, and John W. Sears as the other three members, all of whom opposed district representation. Both Langone and O'Neil would be returning to the Council in 1982, but Sansone did not run for re-election in 1981 and would not be able to vote on the district boundaries if the committee did not work quickly to present a plan to the Council before the end of the year. Public hearings over possible district boundaries were full of heated debate between advocates of drawing lines to protect neighborhood unity and advocates of drawing lines to create two predominantly minority district
s and give minorities a voice in local government. Contention centered around Dorchester
and the South End
. Dorchester, Boston's largest neighborhood, needed to be split into at least two districts. A simple split in half would create either a north and a south district or an east and a west district. An east district would be largely White (75% or greater) and a west district would be largely African-American. North and south districts would have less extreme majorities. Many residents were opposed to both divisions, stating that they would increase racial segregation in Dorchester and continue the political powerlessness of minorities. A more complicated split taking into account areas with large minority populations would create one predominantly minority district and one predominantly white district but treat Dorchester as several smaller neighborhoods to be divvied up among surrounding neighborhoods rather than as one community. In various proposals, the South End, due to its location, was grouped with either South Boston or Back Bay/Beacon Hill by advocates of neighborhood unity, or Roxbury by advocates of minority-dominated districts.
Two days before the 90-day deadline, freshman councilor Terrence McDermott, who had been appointed as Sansone's replacement for chair of the districting committee, presented a plan to the Council which was approved 7-2. Today's district boundaries are only slightly different than those adopted in 1982, with the South End and South Boston forming one district, and Dorchester roughly split into an east and a west district. The Council faced more challenges after finalizing the new districts, such as whether or not district councilors should receive a lower salary than at-large councilors and where office space for four additional councilors could be found in City Hall
.
Boston
Boston is the capital of and largest city in Massachusetts, and is one of the oldest cities in the United States. The largest city in New England, Boston is regarded as the unofficial "Capital of New England" for its economic and cultural impact on the entire New England region. The city proper had...
. It is made up of 13 members: 9 district representatives and 4 at-large members. Councilors are elected to two-year terms and there is no limit on the number of terms an individual can serve. Boston uses a strong-mayor form of government in which the city council acts as a check against the power of the executive branch, the mayor
Mayor
In many countries, a Mayor is the highest ranking officer in the municipal government of a town or a large urban city....
. The Council is responsible for approving the city budget
Government budget
A government budget is a legal document that is often passed by the legislature, and approved by the chief executive-or president. For example, only certain types of revenue may be imposed and collected...
; monitoring, creating, and abolishing city agencies
Government agency
A government or state agency is a permanent or semi-permanent organization in the machinery of government that is responsible for the oversight and administration of specific functions, such as an intelligence agency. There is a notable variety of agency types...
; making land use
Land use
Land use is the human use of land. Land use involves the management and modification of natural environment or wilderness into built environment such as fields, pastures, and settlements. It has also been defined as "the arrangements, activities and inputs people undertake in a certain land cover...
decisions; and approving, amending, or rejecting other legislative proposals.
Current council
The nine districts are CharlestownCharlestown, Massachusetts
Charlestown is a neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts, United States, and is located on a peninsula north of downtown Boston. Charlestown was originally a separate town and the first capital of the Massachusetts Bay Colony; it became a city in 1847 and was annexed by Boston on January 5, 1874...
/East Boston
East Boston, Massachusetts
East Boston is a neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts, with approximately 40,000 residents. The community was created by connecting several islands using landfill and was annexed by Boston in 1836. East Boston is separated from the rest of the city by Boston Harbor and bordered by Winthrop,...
/North End
North End, Boston, Massachusetts
The North End is a neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts. It has the distinction of being the city's oldest residential community, where people have lived continuously since it was settled in the 1630s. Though small , the neighborhood has approximately 100 eating establishments, and a variety of...
(District 1), South End
South End, Boston, Massachusetts
The South End is a neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts.-Geography:The South End lies south of the Back Bay, northwest of South Boston, northeast of Roxbury, north of Dorchester, and southwest of Bay Village...
/South Boston (District 2), Dorchester
Dorchester, Massachusetts
Dorchester is a dissolved municipality and current neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts, United States. It is named after the town of Dorchester in the English county of Dorset, from which Puritans emigrated and is today endearingly nicknamed "Dot" by its residents. Dorchester, including a large...
(District 3), Mattapan and parts of Dorchester (District 4), Hyde Park
Hyde Park, Massachusetts
Hyde Park is a dissolved municipality and currently the southernmost neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts, United States. Hyde Park is home to a diverse range of people, housing types and social groups. It is an urban location with suburban characteristics...
/Roslindale (District 5), Jamaica Plain/West Roxbury
West Roxbury, Massachusetts
West Roxbury is a neighborhood in Boston bordered by Roslindale to the north, the Town of Dedham to the east and south, the Town of Brookline and the City of Newton to the west. Many people mistakenly confuse West Roxbury with Roxbury, but the two are not connected. West Roxbury is separated from...
(District 6), Roxbury
Roxbury, Massachusetts
Roxbury is a dissolved municipality and current neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts, United States. It was one of the first towns founded in the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1630, and became a city in 1846 until annexed to Boston on January 5, 1868...
(District 7), Fenway
Fenway-Kenmore
Fenway–Kenmore is an official neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts. While it is considered one neighborhood for administrative purposes, it is composed of numerous distinct sections and in casual conversation are almost always referred to as "Fenway," "Kenmore Square," or "Kenmore."...
/Back Bay
Back Bay, Boston, Massachusetts
Back Bay is an officially recognized neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts famous for its rows of Victorian brownstone homes, which are considered one of the best-preserved examples of 19th-century urban design in the United States, as well as numerous architecturally significant individual...
/Beacon Hill
Beacon Hill, Boston, Massachusetts
Beacon Hill is a historic neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts, that along with the neighboring Back Bay is home to about 26,000 people. It is a neighborhood of Federal-style rowhouses and is known for its narrow, gas-lit streets and brick sidewalks...
/West End
West End, Boston, Massachusetts
The West End is a neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts, bounded generally by Cambridge Street to the south, the Charles River to the west and northwest, North Washington Street on the north and northeast, and New Sudbury Street on the east. Beacon Hill is to the south, and the North End is to the...
/Mission Hill
Mission Hill, Boston, Massachusetts
Mission Hill is a 3/4 square mile neighborhood of Boston, with the population of approximately 18,000 people.The neighborhood is roughly bounded by Columbus Avenue and the Boston neighborhood of Roxbury to the east, Longwood Avenue to the northeast and the Olmsted designed Riverway/Jamaicaway and...
(District 8), and Allston
Allston, Boston, Massachusetts
Allston is a neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts, located in the western part of the city. It was named after the American painter and poet Washington Allston. It comprises the land covered by the zip code 02134. For the most part, Allston is administered collectively with the adjacent...
/Brighton
Brighton, Boston, Massachusetts
Brighton is a dissolved municipality and current neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts, United States, and is located in the northwest corner of the city. It is named after the town of Brighton in the English city of Brighton and Hove...
(District 9).
The members of the 2009 City Council are:
- Salvatore LaMattinaSalvatore LaMattinaSalvatore LaMattina, also known as Sal LaMattina, is a member of the Boston City Council in Boston, Massachusetts. He represents the North End, East Boston, and Charlestown.-External links:* , official Boston City Councillors website...
- District 1: North End, East Boston and Charlestown - Bill LinehanBill LinehanBill Linehan is a member of the Boston City Council in Boston, Massachusetts. He represents the South End and South Boston.-Further reading:* Matt Viser. . Boston Globe, May 12, 2007-External links:* [* , official Boston City Councillors website...
- District 2: South End and South Boston - Maureen FeeneyMaureen FeeneyMaureen Feeney is a member of the Boston City Council in Boston, Massachusetts. Since 1993 she has represented Dorchester. She served as City Council president, 2007-2008.-Further reading:...
- District 3: Dorchester - Charles YanceyCharles YanceyCharles Calvin Yancey is a member of the Boston City Council in Boston, Massachusetts. He represents Mattapan and parts of Dorchester. He served as City Council president in 2001.-Further reading:* Patrick Rosso. . Boston Globe, October 5, 201...
- District 4: Mattapan - Robert ConsalvoRobert ConsalvoRobert Consalvo is a member of the Boston City Council of Boston, Massachusetts, United States. He represents Hyde Park, Roslindale, Readville, and Mattapan.-Biography:...
District 5: Hyde Park and Roslindale - Matt O'MalleyMatt O'Malley (Boston City Councilor)Matt O’Malley is an American politician who currently serves as a member of the Boston City Council. He was elected as the District 6 representative in a special election on November 16, 2010. His district includes the neighborhoods of West Roxbury and Jamaica Plain and parts of Roslindale and...
- District 6: Jamaica Plain and West Roxbury - Tito JacksonTito Jackson (politician)Tito Jackson is an American politician who currently serves as a member of the Boston City Council. He represents council District 7, which consists of the Roxbury neighborhood and parts of Dorchester and the South End....
- District 7: Roxbury - Michael P. RossMichael P. RossMichael P. Ross, also known as Mike Ross, is president of the Boston City Council in Boston, Massachusetts. Since 1999 he has represented Beacon Hill, Back Bay and the Fenway.-External links:* , official Boston City Councillors website...
- District 8: Beacon Hill, Back Bay, Fenway/Kenmore, Mission Hill and West End - Mark CiommoMark CiommoMark Ciommo is a city councilman for the Allston-Brighton district of Boston, Massachusetts. In December 2002 he stood for election in the special election held after councilman Brian Honan died, coming second in the polls and losing to Jerry McDermott in the final ballot on 2002-12-10. He has...
- District 9: Allston and Brighton - Felix G. ArroyoFelix G. ArroyoFelix G. Arroyo is a member of the Boston City Council in Boston, Massachusetts. He is the son of former Boston councilman Felix D. Arroyo.-External links:* , official Boston City Councillors website* . Articles about Arroyo* . Blog posts about Arroyo...
(at-large) - John R. ConnollyJohn R. ConnollyJohn R. Connolly is an At-Large Boston City Councilor representing the City of Boston, Massachusetts. He was elected in November 2007. There are four At-Large seats on the Boston City Council. John is the Chair of the Education Committee, the Environment and Health Committee and the Special...
(at-large) - Stephen J. MurphyStephen J. MurphyStephen John Murphy is a member of the Boston City Council in Boston, Massachusetts. He has served on the City Council since 1997.-External links:* * . Articles about Murphy* . Blog posts about Murphy*...
(at-large) - Ayanna S. PressleyAyanna PressleyAyanna Pressley is a member of the Boston City Council in Boston, Massachusetts. She is the first woman of color to be elected to the council in its -year history.-Career:...
(at-large)
By law Boston municipal elections are nonpartisan in that candidates do not represent a specific political party. However, most city councilors have been members of the Democratic party. John W. Sears was the first Republican elected to the Council, in 1980. Chuck Turner, previous Councilman for District 7, was a member of the Green-Rainbow Party
Green-Rainbow Party
The Green-Rainbow Party is a political party in Massachusetts. It is the Massachusetts state affiliate of the Green Party of the United States.-Establishment of official party status:...
. Tito Jackson was elected as the District 7 representative to the Boston City Council in a special election on March 15, 2011.
Committees
The City Council currently has the following committees:- Arts, Film, Humanities, & Tourism
- Aviation & Transportation
- City & Neighborhood Services
- Economic Development & Planning
- Education
- Environment and Health
- Financial Services & Community Investment
- Government Operations
- Housing
- Human Rights & Services
- Institutional Relations
- Intergovernmental Relations
- Labor & Workforce Development
- Municipal, State, & Federal Relations
- Post Audit & Oversight
- Public Safety
- Rules & Administration
- Special Committee on a Livable Boston
- Special Committee on Boston CommonBoston CommonBoston Common is a central public park in Boston, Massachusetts. It is sometimes erroneously referred to as the "Boston Commons". Dating from 1634, it is the oldest city park in the United States. The Boston Common consists of of land bounded by Tremont Street, Park Street, Beacon Street,...
- Special Committee on City Hall
- Ways & Means
- Whole
- Youth Affairs
Salary
City Councilors are currently paid an annual salary of $87,500. The salary for councilors is half of the mayor's salary. Every four years, the Council votes on whether or not to raise the mayor's salary, thereby also raising its own salary or not.City Council salaries since 1980:
- 1980: $20,000
- 1981-86: $32,500
- 1987-94: $45,000
- 1995-98: $54,500
- 1999-2002: $62,500
- 2003-06: $75,000
History
Prior to 1909, Boston's legislative body consisted of an eight-member Board of Aldermen and a Common Council made up of three representatives from each of the 25 wardsWards of the United States
In the United States, a ward is an optional division of a city or town, especially an electoral district, for administrative and representative purposes...
in the city. When the Boston city charter was rewritten in 1909, the Board of Aldermen and the Common Council were replaced by a nine-member City Council. All nine councilors were elected at-large for terms lasting two years. The new charter also gave the Mayor the power to veto all acts of the City Council. The first council meeting as a unicameral body occurred on February 7, 1910.
In November 1981, Boston voters approved again changing the composition of the Council, to 13 members: 9 district representatives and 4 at-large members. However, the referendum did not indicate how the district lines would be drawn, only that the districts be of approximately equal population and district lines not cut across city precinct
Precinct
A precinct is a space enclosed by the walls or other boundaries of a particular place or building, or by an arbitrary and imaginary line drawn around it. The term has several different uses...
s.
The Council created a districting committee to propose several different possible district maps and hold public hearings before presenting one plan to the Council to approve. State law required the City Council to make a final decision on the districts within 90 days of being notified that the referendum had officially passed, meaning that the Council voting on the districts would be the 1982 Council, not the 1981 Council creating them. Then-president Patrick McDonough, who opposed district representation, appointed Rosemary Sansone, a major advocate of district representation, as chair of the districting committee, but chose Frederick Langone, Albert O'Neil, and John W. Sears as the other three members, all of whom opposed district representation. Both Langone and O'Neil would be returning to the Council in 1982, but Sansone did not run for re-election in 1981 and would not be able to vote on the district boundaries if the committee did not work quickly to present a plan to the Council before the end of the year. Public hearings over possible district boundaries were full of heated debate between advocates of drawing lines to protect neighborhood unity and advocates of drawing lines to create two predominantly minority district
Dominant minority
A dominant minority, also known as alien elites if they are recent immigrants, is a group that has overwhelming political, economic or cultural dominance in a country or region despite representing a small fraction of the overall population...
s and give minorities a voice in local government. Contention centered around Dorchester
Dorchester, Massachusetts
Dorchester is a dissolved municipality and current neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts, United States. It is named after the town of Dorchester in the English county of Dorset, from which Puritans emigrated and is today endearingly nicknamed "Dot" by its residents. Dorchester, including a large...
and the South End
South End, Boston, Massachusetts
The South End is a neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts.-Geography:The South End lies south of the Back Bay, northwest of South Boston, northeast of Roxbury, north of Dorchester, and southwest of Bay Village...
. Dorchester, Boston's largest neighborhood, needed to be split into at least two districts. A simple split in half would create either a north and a south district or an east and a west district. An east district would be largely White (75% or greater) and a west district would be largely African-American. North and south districts would have less extreme majorities. Many residents were opposed to both divisions, stating that they would increase racial segregation in Dorchester and continue the political powerlessness of minorities. A more complicated split taking into account areas with large minority populations would create one predominantly minority district and one predominantly white district but treat Dorchester as several smaller neighborhoods to be divvied up among surrounding neighborhoods rather than as one community. In various proposals, the South End, due to its location, was grouped with either South Boston or Back Bay/Beacon Hill by advocates of neighborhood unity, or Roxbury by advocates of minority-dominated districts.
Two days before the 90-day deadline, freshman councilor Terrence McDermott, who had been appointed as Sansone's replacement for chair of the districting committee, presented a plan to the Council which was approved 7-2. Today's district boundaries are only slightly different than those adopted in 1982, with the South End and South Boston forming one district, and Dorchester roughly split into an east and a west district. The Council faced more challenges after finalizing the new districts, such as whether or not district councilors should receive a lower salary than at-large councilors and where office space for four additional councilors could be found in City Hall
Boston City Hall
Boston City Hall is the seat of the municipal government of Boston, Massachusetts. Architecturally, it is an example of the brutalist style. It was designed by Kallmann McKinnell & Knowles...
.
Past presidents
| Year | Name | Term as president |
|---|---|---|
| 1956 | Patrick McDonough | 1st |
| 1958 | Patrick McDonough | 2nd |
| 1961 | Patrick McDonough | 3rd |
| 1962 | Christopher Iannella Christopher A. Iannella Christopher A. Iannella was a member of the Boston City Council in Boston, Massachusetts. He served eight terms as City Council president in 1962, 1980, 1982, and 1988-1992.-Further reading:... |
1st |
| 1966 | Frederick C. Langone Frederick C. Langone Frederick C. Langone was an American politician who served as a member Boston City Council in 1961 and from 1964 to 1983. He was Council President in 1966. Langone known for smoking cigars and long-winded speeches... |
1st |
| 1973 | Patrick McDonough | 4th |
| 1976 | Louise Day Hicks Louise Day Hicks Anna Louise Day Hicks was an American politician and lawyer from Boston, Massachusetts, best known for her staunch opposition to court-ordered busing in the 1960s and 1970s.-Early life:... |
1st |
| 1977 | Joseph M. Tierney Joseph M. Tierney Joseph M. Tierney was an American politician who served as a member of the Boston City Council from 1972 to 1987. He was the President of the City Council in 1977, 1979, 1983, 1984, and 1985. He was a candidate for Mayor of Boston in 1987, losing to incumbent Raymond Flynn 67%-33%.His daughter is... |
1st |
| 1978 | Lawrence DiCara Lawrence DiCara Lawrence "Larry" S. DiCara is an American attorney and politician who is currently a partner at Nixon Peabody.From 1972 to 1981, DiCara was a member of the Boston City Council. In 1978, he was the Council President... |
1st |
| 1979 | Joseph M. Tierney | 2nd |
| 1980 | Christopher Iannella | 2nd |
| 1981 | Patrick McDonough | 5th |
| 1982 | Christopher Iannella | 3rd |
| 1983 | Joseph M. Tierney | 3rd |
| 1984 | Joseph M. Tierney | 4th |
| Year | Name | Term as president |
|---|---|---|
| 1985 | Joseph M. Tierney | 5th |
| 1986 | Bruce Bolling Bruce Bolling Bruce C. Bolling is a politician and businessman in Boston, Massachusetts. He served as the first black president of the Boston City Council in the mid-1980s.-Biography:... |
1st |
| 1987 | Bruce Bolling | 2nd |
| 1988 | Christopher Iannella | 4th |
| 1989 | Christopher Iannella | 5th |
| 1990 | Christopher Iannella | 6th |
| 1991 | Christopher Iannella | 7th |
| 1992 | Christopher Iannella | 8th |
| 1993 | Thomas Menino Thomas Menino Thomas Michael "Tom" Menino is the mayor of Boston, Massachusetts, United States and the city's first Italian-American mayor... |
1st |
| 1994 | James M. Kelly James M. Kelly (Boston politician) James M. Kelly of Boston, Massachusetts, served on the Boston City Council for 23 years, representing South Boston, the South End and Chinatown. He was City Council president 1994-2000, succeeded by Charles Yancey.-Further reading:... |
1st |
| 1995 | James M. Kelly | 2nd |
| 1996 | James M. Kelly | 3rd |
| 1997 | James M. Kelly | 4th |
| 1998 | James M. Kelly | 5th |
| 1999 | James M. Kelly | 6th |
| Year | Name | Term as president |
|---|---|---|
| 2000 | James M. Kelly | 7th |
| 2001 | Charles Yancey Charles Yancey Charles Calvin Yancey is a member of the Boston City Council in Boston, Massachusetts. He represents Mattapan and parts of Dorchester. He served as City Council president in 2001.-Further reading:* Patrick Rosso. . Boston Globe, October 5, 201... |
1st |
| 2002 | Michael F. Flaherty Michael F. Flaherty Michael F. Flaherty is a former at-large member of the Boston City Council. He is a member of the United States Democratic Party. He was elected to Boston City Council Vice President in 2001 and Boston City Council President from 2002 to 2006.... |
1st |
| 2003 | Michael F. Flaherty | 2nd |
| 2004 | Michael F. Flaherty | 3rd |
| 2005 | Michael F. Flaherty | 4th |
| 2006 | Michael F. Flaherty | 5th |
| 2007 | Maureen Feeney Maureen Feeney Maureen Feeney is a member of the Boston City Council in Boston, Massachusetts. Since 1993 she has represented Dorchester. She served as City Council president, 2007-2008.-Further reading:... |
1st |
| 2008 | Maureen Feeney | 2nd |
| 2009 | Michael P. Ross Michael P. Ross Michael P. Ross, also known as Mike Ross, is president of the Boston City Council in Boston, Massachusetts. Since 1999 he has represented Beacon Hill, Back Bay and the Fenway.-External links:* , official Boston City Councillors website... |
1st |
| 2010 | Michael P. Ross | 2nd |
| 2011 | Stephen J. Murphy Stephen J. Murphy Stephen John Murphy is a member of the Boston City Council in Boston, Massachusetts. He has served on the City Council since 1997.-External links:* * . Articles about Murphy* . Blog posts about Murphy*... |
1st |
See also
- Past Members of the Boston City Council
- Boston City HallBoston City HallBoston City Hall is the seat of the municipal government of Boston, Massachusetts. Architecturally, it is an example of the brutalist style. It was designed by Kallmann McKinnell & Knowles...
, home of Boston City Council (1969-present) - Old City Hall (Boston)Old City Hall (Boston)Boston's Old City Hall was home to its city council from 1865 to 1969. It was one of the first buildings in the French Second Empire style to be built in the United States and is now one of few remaining...
, School Street, former home of the City Council (1865-1968) - Boston Board of Selectmen (ca.1630s-1822), predecessor to City Council
Public records of Boston City Council
- City Departments' Annual Reports
- Complete stenographic machine record of the public meeting of Boston City Council
- Publications of Boston City Council
- Communications of Boston City Council distributed by email
- Communications of Council Committees
External links
- Suzanne Lee Campaign Website
- Bill Linehan Campaign Website
- City Council - City of Boston
- YouTube
- Google news archive
- An Open Boston City Council
- Boston Public Library. City Council Debates. Transcripts of debates from 1955-1962.