British Aerospace Jetstream
Encyclopedia
The British Aerospace Jetstream is a small twin-turboprop
Turboprop
A turboprop engine is a type of turbine engine which drives an aircraft propeller using a reduction gear.The gas turbine is designed specifically for this application, with almost all of its output being used to drive the propeller...
airliner
Airliner
An airliner is a large fixed-wing aircraft for transporting passengers and cargo. Such aircraft are operated by airlines. Although the definition of an airliner can vary from country to country, an airliner is typically defined as an aircraft intended for carrying multiple passengers in commercial...
, with a pressurised fuselage
Fuselage
The fuselage is an aircraft's main body section that holds crew and passengers or cargo. In single-engine aircraft it will usually contain an engine, although in some amphibious aircraft the single engine is mounted on a pylon attached to the fuselage which in turn is used as a floating hull...
, developed as the Jetstream 31 from the earlier Handley Page Jetstream
Development
Scottish Aviation had taken over production of the original Jetstream design from Handley Page and when it was nationalised along with other British companies into British AerospaceBritish Aerospace
British Aerospace plc was a UK aircraft, munitions and defence-systems manufacturer. Its head office was in the Warwick House in the Farnborough Aerospace Centre in Farnborough, Hampshire...
(now BAE Systems
BAE Systems
BAE Systems plc is a British multinational defence, security and aerospace company headquartered in London, United Kingdom, that has global interests, particularly in North America through its subsidiary BAE Systems Inc. BAE is among the world's largest military contractors; in 2009 it was the...
) in 1978, BAe decided the design was worth further development, and started work on a "Mark 3" Jetstream. As with the earlier 3M version for the USAF, the new version was re-engined with newer Garrett turboprops which offered more power (flat rated to 1,020 shp/760 kW with a thermodynamic limit of 1,100 shp/820 kW) and longer overhaul intervals over the original Turbomeca units. This allowed the aircraft to be offered in an 18-seat option (six rows, 2+1), with an offset aisle, and with a water methanol option for the engine to allow the ability to operate at maximum load from a greater range of airfields, particularly in the continental United States and Australia.
The result was the Jetstream 31, which first flew on 28 March 1980, being certificated in the UK on 29 June 1982. The new version proved to be as popular as Handley Page hoped the original model would be, and several hundred 31s were built during the 1980s. In 1985, a further engine upgrade was planned, which flew in 1988 as the Jetstream Super 31, also known as the Jetstream 32. Production continued until 1993, by which time 386 31/32s had been produced. Four Jetstream 31s were ordered for the Royal Navy in 1985 as radar observer trainers, the Jetstream T.3, but were later used for VIP
Very Important Person
A Very Important Person, or VIP is a person who is accorded special privileges due to his or her status or importance.Examples include celebrities, heads of state/heads of government, major employers, high rollers, politicians, high-level corporate officers, wealthy individuals, or any other...
transport.
In 1993, British Aerospace adopted the Jetstream name as their brand name for all twin turboprop aircraft. As well as the Jetstream 31 and Jetstream 32, it also built the related Jetstream 41 and the unrelated, but co-branded BAe ATP/Jetstream 61. The Jetstream 61 never entered service, and retained its "ATP" marketing name.
In December 2008, a total of 128 BAe Jetstream 31 and 32 aircraft remained in airline service. Major operators include: Pascan Aviation
Pascan Aviation
Pascan Aviation is a regional airline based in Saint-Hubert, Longueuil, Quebec, Canada. It operates scheduled services to 15 destinations in Quebec and one in Labrador, as well as charter services. Its main base is Montréal/Saint-Hubert Airport and they run a FBO at the airport.- History :The...
(9), Direktflyg
Direktflyg
Direktflyg, officially Svenska Direktflyg AB is a regional airline based in Borlänge, Sweden. It operates services to thirteen destinations in Sweden and Norway...
(7), Sun Air of Scandinavia
Sun Air of Scandinavia
Sun Air of Scandinavia is an airline based in Billund, Billund Municipality, Denmark. It is a regional scheduled airline operating a franchise service in British Airways colours. It also offers charter flights, air taxi services, specialist aerial work and aircraft brokerage. Its main base is...
(3), Jet Air
Jet Air
Jet Air Sp. z o.o. is a Polish air operator that provides leasing services as well as a branded operation on domestic and intra-European flights.-History:...
(4), Blue Islands
Blue Islands
Blue Islands Limited is an airline of the Channel Islands. Its head office is in Saint Peter Port, Guernsey, and its registered office is in Saint Anne, Alderney. It operates scheduled services from and within the Channel Islands and the UK and the Isle of Man...
(5), Air National
Air National
Air National is an airline based in Auckland, New Zealand. It operates domestic and international charter services and scheduled passenger services for Air New Zealand Link. Its main bases are Auckland International Airport, Wellington International Airport, with a hub at Christchurch International...
of New Zealand (5) and AIS Airlines
AIS Airlines
AIS airlines is a small Dutch charter and wet lease airline based at Lelystad Airport in the Netherlands, operating two Jetstream 32 turboprop aircraft, seating 19 passengers each....
(2). Some 40 other airlines operate smaller numbers of the types.
In July 2008, a BAE Systems team that included Cranfield Aerospace and the National Flight Laboratory Centre at Cranfield University achieved a major breakthrough in unmanned air systems technology. The team flew a series of missions, totalling 800 mi (1,290 km), in a specially modified Jetstream 31 (G-BWWW) without any human intervention, This was the first time such an undertaking had been achieved. [1]
Other Jetstream versions
- Jetstream 31 Airliner : 18/19 passenger commuter airliner.
- Jetstream 31 Corporate : 8/10 passenger executive transport aircraft.
- Jetstream 31EP : Enhanced performance.
- Jetstream 31EZ : EEZ or maritime patrol version.
- Jetstream Executive Shuttle : 12-seat executive transport aircraft.
- Jetstream 31 Special : Utility transport aircraft.
- Jetstream 32EP : Passenger Aircraft with extra baggage space. Room for 19 People.
- Jetstream QC (Quick Change) :
- Jetstream 41 : 29 passenger aircraft.
Operators
Current Civil operators
Venezuela
- Transmandu
Canada
- Pascan AviationPascan AviationPascan Aviation is a regional airline based in Saint-Hubert, Longueuil, Quebec, Canada. It operates scheduled services to 15 destinations in Quebec and one in Labrador, as well as charter services. Its main base is Montréal/Saint-Hubert Airport and they run a FBO at the airport.- History :The...
- Starlink AviationStarlink AviationStarlink Aviation is a Canadian fixed base operator, passenger and charter airline. It is based at the Montréal-Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport in Montreal. Starlink is primarily a charter carrier, but also operates a small fleet of turboprop aircraft on scheduled "Corporate Shuttle"...
- East Coast Airways
Argentina
- AerochacoAerochacoAerochaco is an airline based in Resistencia, Chaco, Argentina.-Destinations:Aerochaco operates the following services :**Buenos Aires - Aeroparque Jorge Newbery**Córdoba - Ingeniero Ambrosio L.V...
Australia
- Aeropelican Air ServicesAeropelican Air ServicesAeropelican Air Services Pty Ltd is a regional airline based in Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia. Its main base is Newcastle Airport , with a hub at Sydney Airport.- History :...
Estonia
- AviesAviesAvies Air Company is an airline based in Tallinn, Estonia. It was established and started operations in 1991 and operates scheduled passenger transport, charter and air taxi services...
Haiti
- SALSA d'HaitiSalsa d'HaitiSALSA d'Haiti is a Haitian airline headquartered at Toussaint Louverture International Airport in Port-au-Prince, Haiti. It flies several round trip flights daily between Cap-Haitien and Port-au-Prince....
- Sunrise AirwaysSunrise AirwaysSunrise Airways, founded in 2010, is an airline in Haiti that now provides charter flights. Sunrise Airways specializes in passenger charters, ad-hoc charter flights, chains of charter flights, and wet lease of its aircraft....
- Tortug' AirTortug' AirTortug' Air is a domestic airline in Haiti, and serves as Haiti's national flag carrier. The airline was founded in March 2003 and is based in Port-au-Prince. According to the airline, more than 200 people are employed with the company....
Honduras
- Aerolineas SosaAerolineas SosaAerolíneas Sosa is an airline based in La Ceiba, Honduras. It was established in 1984 and operates domestic scheduled services to 10 destinations from La Ceiba, as well as charter flights...
Iceland
- Flugfélagið ErnirEagle Air (Iceland)Eagle Air is an Icelandic airline. It is based at Reykjavík Airport. It offers domestic flights, charter services, and adventure tours in Iceland.-Company history:...
Jamaica
- Skylan AirwaysSkylan AirwaysSkylan Airways is a Jamaican Airline that offers both schedule and charter services. The airline is based at the Norman Manley International Airport....
Netherlands
- AIS AirlinesAIS AirlinesAIS airlines is a small Dutch charter and wet lease airline based at Lelystad Airport in the Netherlands, operating two Jetstream 32 turboprop aircraft, seating 19 passengers each....
Sweden
- Barents Airlink
United Kingdom
- Amber Airways
- Blue IslandsBlue IslandsBlue Islands Limited is an airline of the Channel Islands. Its head office is in Saint Peter Port, Guernsey, and its registered office is in Saint Anne, Alderney. It operates scheduled services from and within the Channel Islands and the UK and the Isle of Man...
- Manx2Manx2Manx2 Limited is a virtual commuter airline, with its head office in Hangar 9, Isle of Man Airport in Ballasalla, Malew, Isle of Man. It sells flights and services from several airports in the UK with bases in Belfast City, Blackpool, Cardiff and Isle of Man...
Poland
- Jet AirJet AirJet Air Sp. z o.o. is a Polish air operator that provides leasing services as well as a branded operation on domestic and intra-European flights.-History:...
Zambia
- Proflight Commuter ServicesProflight Commuter ServicesProflight Commuter Services is an airline based in Lusaka, Zambia.On 30 June 2009 the airline was authorized by the Zambia Competition Commission to form an alliance with Zambezi Airlines...
Dominican Republic
- Pan Am World Airways DominicanaPan Am World Airways DominicanaPan Am World Airways Dominicana is the national and international flag carrier of the Dominican Republic. It was created as a subsidiary airline for Pan American World Airways....
New ZealandTBA
- Briko air services
Former Civil operators
Norway
- Coast AirCoast AirCoast Air AS was a regional airline based at Haugesund Airport, Karmøy in Norway. It was Norway's fourth-largest airline and operated domestic services within Norway, in addition to international services. Routes were concentrated along the West Coast, as well as some public service obligation...
Finland
New Zealand
- Origin Pacific AirwaysOrigin Pacific AirwaysOrigin Pacific Airways was an airline based in Nelson in New Zealand operating freight services. Until 10 August 2006, the airline also operated scheduled and charter passenger services. Its main base was at Nelson Airport . It ceased all operations on 15 September 2006- Starting out :Origin...
Kingdom of Romania
- Angel AirlinesAngel Airlines (Romania)Angel Airlines was a private airline with its base at Băneasa Airport , Bucharest, Romania. It operated domestically, to main cities in Romania.-Code data:*ICAO Code: KOZ*Callsign: ANGEL WINGS-History:...
United Kingdom
- Brymon European AirwaysBrymon AirwaysBrymon Airways is a former British airline with its head office in the Brymon House on the property of Plymouth City Airport in Plymouth, Devon...
United States- Corporate Airlines
- Pan American World AirwaysPan American World AirwaysPan American World Airways, commonly known as Pan Am, was the principal and largest international air carrier in the United States from 1927 until its collapse on December 4, 1991...
- Trans States AirlinesTrans States AirlinesTrans States Airlines is the thirteenth largest American regional airline and is headquartered in Bridgeton, Missouri. It operates as United Express for United Airlines and US Airways Express for US Airways.- History :...
- Express I Airlines
- Express II Airlines
Australia
- O'Connor AirlinesO'Connor AirlinesO'Connor Airlines was an airline based at Mount Gambier, South Australia, Australia. It operated scheduled services from Mount Gambier to destinations in South Australia and Victoria. Its main base was Mount Gambier Airport, with a hub at Adelaide Airport, which serviced Mildura Airport and Port...
- Skywest AirlinesSkywest AirlinesSkywest Airlines Pty Ltd is a regional airline company based in Perth, Western Australia, Australia; servicing key towns in the state of Western Australia, Darwin, Northern Territory and Melbourne, Victoria; as well as charter flights to Bali, Indonesia....
Military operators
Saudi Arabia:
- Royal Saudi Air ForceRoyal Saudi Air ForceThe Royal Saudi Air Force , is the aviation branch of the Saudi Arabian armed forces. The RSAF has developed from a largely defensive military force into one with an advanced offensive capability...
United Kingdom
- Royal NavyRoyal NavyThe Royal Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Founded in the 16th century, it is the oldest service branch and is known as the Senior Service...
retired from RN use in 2011.
Accident and incidents
- On 26 December 1989, United Express Flight 2415United Express Flight 2415United Express Flight 2415 operated by a BAe Jetstream 31 N410UE of North Pacific Airlines on 26 December 1989 was a commuter flight in the United States from Yakima, Washington to Pasco, Washington....
operated by N410UE of North Pacific AirlinesNorth Pacific AirlinesNorth Pacific Airlines was a small regional airline formed in 1987, flying for United Airlines under the United Express brand name from the Seattle–Tacoma International Airport to three Eastern Washington destinations and Portland, Oregon...
crashed short of the runway at Tri-Cities AirportTri-Cities Airport (Washington)Tri-Cities Airport is a public airport located 2 miles northwest of Pasco, in Franklin County, Washington, USA. It is the third largest commercial airport in the State of Washington, and has three runways.-History:...
, Washington, USA. The crew executed an excessively steep and unstabilized ILS approach. That approach, along with improper air traffic control commands and aircraft icing, caused the aircraft to stall. Both crew members and all four passengers were killed. - On 01 December 1993, Northwest Airlink/Express II Airlines Flight 5719 had a controlled flight into terrainControlled flight into terrainControlled flight into terrain describes an accident in which an airworthy aircraft, under pilot control, is unintentionally flown into the ground, a mountain, water, or an obstacle. The term was coined by engineers at Boeing in the late 1970s...
killing all crew and passengers. - On 13 December 1994, Flagship Airlines Flight 3379 stalled and crashed after one of the engines failed as the flight was on approach to Raleigh-Durham International AirportRaleigh-Durham International AirportRaleigh-Durham International Airport is a public international airport located 4.5 miles northeast of the town of Morrisville in suburban Wake County, North Carolina, United States. The airport covers and operates three runways, providing direct service to 40 domestic and international...
killing 15 of the 20 passengers and crew. - On 12 May 2000, an East Coast Aviation Services Jetstream (N16EJ) crashed into terrain on the flight second approach into Wilkes-Barre/Scranton International AirportWilkes-Barre/Scranton International AirportWilkes-Barre/Scranton International Airport is an airport located in Pittston Township, Pennsylvania, near the border of Luzerne County and Lackawanna County, halfway between the cities of Wilkes-Barre and Scranton...
killing all 19 passengers and crew on the aircraft. - On 8 July 2000, Aerocaribe Flight 7831Aerocaribe Flight 7831Aerocaribe Flight 7831 was a British Aerospace Jetstream 32, registration N912FJ, with 17 passengers and 2 crew on a short haul flight from Tuxtla Gutiérrez to Carlos Rovirosa Pérez International Airport in Mexico...
crashed into a mountainous area as the aircraft was on approach into Carlos Rovirosa Pérez International AirportCarlos Rovirosa Pérez International AirportCarlos Rovirosa Pérez International Airport or Villahermosa International Airport is an international airport located at Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico. It handles national and international air traffic for the city of Villahermosa....
and killed all 19 passengers and crew. - On 19 October 2004, Corporate Airlines Flight 5966Corporate Airlines Flight 5966Corporate Airlines Flight 5966 was a flight route from Lambert-St. Louis International Airport in St. Louis, Missouri, United States to Kirksville Regional Airport in unincorporated Adair County, Missouri, near the city of Kirksville. Corporate Airlines flew the route as part of the...
crashed on approach to Kirksville Regional AirportKirksville Regional AirportKirksville Regional Airport is a public airport located southeast of the central business district of Kirksville, a city in Adair County, Missouri, United States. The airport is located in unincorporated Adair County and is owned by the City of Kirksville. It is mostly used for general aviation,...
killing 13 out of 15 passengers and crew. - On 18 November 2004, Venezolana Flight 213 crashed into a fire station on landing at Simón Bolívar International Airport (Venezuela)Simón Bolívar International Airport (Venezuela)Simón Bolívar International Airport of Maiquetia is an international airport located in Maiquetía, Venezuela, about 13 miles from downtown Caracas....
after a flight from Juan Pablo Perez Alfonso AirportJuan Pablo Perez Alfonso AirportJuan Pablo Pérez Alfonso Airport , is an airport in El Vigía, Venezuela.- Domestic Flights :*Conviasa *SBA Airlines *Laser...
. Four passengers were killed out of 21 passengers and crew on the flight. - On 8 February 2008, Eagle Airways Flight 2279Eagle Airways Flight 2279Eagle Airways Flight 2279 was a commuter flight operated by Air National on behalf of Eagle Airways, a regional carrier division of Air New Zealand...
was hijackedAircraft hijackingAircraft hijacking is the unlawful seizure of an aircraft by an individual or a group. In most cases, the pilot is forced to fly according to the orders of the hijackers. Occasionally, however, the hijackers have flown the aircraft themselves, such as the September 11 attacks of 2001...
by a passenger over New Zealand just after taking off from Woodbourne AirportWoodbourne AirportWoodbourne Aerodrome is a small, controlled aerodrome located 3NM west of Blenheim in the South Island of New Zealand, on State Highway Six, Middle Renwick Road.-History:Woodbourne was one of the first airports in New Zealand...
. The copilot managed to restrain the hijacker eventually and landed safely at Christchurch International AirportChristchurch International Airport-Facts & figures:As the gateway for Christchurch and the South Island, Christchurch International Airport is New Zealand’s second largest airport.5,908,077 passengers travelled in and out of Christchurch International Airport from 1 July 2008 to 30 June 2009...
the two pilots were injured and one passengers was also injured in the hijacking.