Bronner (grape)
Encyclopedia
Bronner is a white grape
variety used for wine
. It was bred in 1975 by Norbert Becker at the viticultural institute in Freiburg
, Germany
. The variety was initially known under its breeding code FR 250-75, and was later named in honour of Johann Philipp Bronner (1792-1864), who was a German pharmacist and viticultural pioneer. It received varietal protection in 1977.
Bronner shows good resistance against fungal diseases and is in many respects similar to Pinot Blanc
.
(mother vine) and Gm 6494 (father vine). "Gm" is used in breeding codes for grapes from the Geisenheim grape breeding institute
, but Gm 6494 was originally created in Czechoslovakia
in 1964 by Professor V. Kraus by crossing Zarya Severa and St. Laurent
. Kraus offered several of his crosses to Dr. Helmut Becker
in Geisenheim, where additional work was carried out, and where his plants were given serial numbers. The grape variety Rondo was created by selecting a Gm 6494 plant with particular properties.
Initially, the father vine of Gm 6494 was thought to be Saperawi Severni, but Becker's successor Volker Joerger and his colleagues were able to identify Zarya Severa instead.
Gm 6494 has an influence of Vitis amurensis
in its pedigree, but despite this, Bronner is usually not considered to be a hybrid grape.
variant of Pinot Blanc. The Pinot Blanc-related Bronner, which is not the same variety as the 1975 German crossing, is known under the synonyms Weiße Bronnertraube and Weiße Gaman. Unlike most cultivated grape varieties, which are dioecious
, Bronner/Gaman is monoecious, with only female flowers.
Grape
A grape is a non-climacteric fruit, specifically a berry, that grows on the perennial and deciduous woody vines of the genus Vitis. Grapes can be eaten raw or they can be used for making jam, juice, jelly, vinegar, wine, grape seed extracts, raisins, molasses and grape seed oil. Grapes are also...
variety used for wine
Wine
Wine is an alcoholic beverage, made of fermented fruit juice, usually from grapes. The natural chemical balance of grapes lets them ferment without the addition of sugars, acids, enzymes, or other nutrients. Grape wine is produced by fermenting crushed grapes using various types of yeast. Yeast...
. It was bred in 1975 by Norbert Becker at the viticultural institute in Freiburg
Freiburg
Freiburg im Breisgau is a city in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. In the extreme south-west of the country, it straddles the Dreisam river, at the foot of the Schlossberg. Historically, the city has acted as the hub of the Breisgau region on the western edge of the Black Forest in the Upper Rhine Plain...
, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
. The variety was initially known under its breeding code FR 250-75, and was later named in honour of Johann Philipp Bronner (1792-1864), who was a German pharmacist and viticultural pioneer. It received varietal protection in 1977.
Bronner shows good resistance against fungal diseases and is in many respects similar to Pinot Blanc
Pinot Blanc
Pinot blanc is a white wine grape. It is a point genetic mutation of Pinot noir. Pinot noir is genetically unstable and will occasionally experience a point mutation in which a vine bears all black fruit except for one cane which produced white fruit....
.
Pedigree
Becker created Bronner by crossing MerzlingMerzling
Merzling is a white grape variety used for wine. It was bred in 1960 by Johannes Zimmermann at the viticultural institute in Freiburg, Germany by crossing Seyve-Villard 5276 with the cross Riesling x Pinot Gris....
(mother vine) and Gm 6494 (father vine). "Gm" is used in breeding codes for grapes from the Geisenheim grape breeding institute
Geisenheim Grape Breeding Institute
The Geisenheim Grape Breeding Institute was founded in 1872 and is located in Geisenheim, Rheingau, Germany. In 1876 professor Hermann Müller from Switzerland joined the institution, where he developed his namesake variety Müller-Thurgau , which became the most planted grape variety in Germany in...
, but Gm 6494 was originally created in Czechoslovakia
Czechoslovakia
Czechoslovakia or Czecho-Slovakia was a sovereign state in Central Europe which existed from October 1918, when it declared its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, until 1992...
in 1964 by Professor V. Kraus by crossing Zarya Severa and St. Laurent
St. Laurent (grape)
St. Laurent is a highly aromatic dark-skinned wine grape variety of the same family as Pinot Noir, originating in France....
. Kraus offered several of his crosses to Dr. Helmut Becker
Helmut Becker
Helmut Becker , German viticulturist, was chief of the Geisenheim Grape Breeding Institute. He viewed viticulture from a global perspective and promoted the globalization of a quality wine industry. Dr...
in Geisenheim, where additional work was carried out, and where his plants were given serial numbers. The grape variety Rondo was created by selecting a Gm 6494 plant with particular properties.
Initially, the father vine of Gm 6494 was thought to be Saperawi Severni, but Becker's successor Volker Joerger and his colleagues were able to identify Zarya Severa instead.
Gm 6494 has an influence of Vitis amurensis
Vitis amurensis
Vitis amurensis, the Amur grape, is a species of grape native to the Asian continent. Its name comes from the Amur Valley in Russia and China.It is very resistant to frost, but is not tolerant to drought...
in its pedigree, but despite this, Bronner is usually not considered to be a hybrid grape.
Other Bronner variety
Confusingly, Bronner is also used as the name of an open pollinationOpen pollination
Open pollination is pollination by insects, birds, wind, or other natural mechanisms, and contrasts with cleistogamy, closed pollination, which is one of the many types of self pollination...
variant of Pinot Blanc. The Pinot Blanc-related Bronner, which is not the same variety as the 1975 German crossing, is known under the synonyms Weiße Bronnertraube and Weiße Gaman. Unlike most cultivated grape varieties, which are dioecious
Dioecious
Dioecy is the property of a group of biological organisms that have males and females, but not members that have organs of both sexes at the same time. I.e., those whose individual members can usually produce only one type of gamete; each individual organism is thus distinctly female or male...
, Bronner/Gaman is monoecious, with only female flowers.