Bruce Haynes
Encyclopedia
Bruce Haynes was an American and Canadian oboist
, recorder
player, musicologist
and specialist in historical performance practice
.
, Kentucky
in 1942 and began playing the recorder and oboe
at an early age. His father also played the recorder and oboe and was a music teacher. Haynes died on May 17, 2011 in Montreal
, Quebec
.
, Haynes moved to Holland where he studied early music performance
from 1964-1967 with Frans Brüggen
and Gustav Leonhardt
at the Royal Conservatory of The Hague
.
In 1995 he was awarded a Ph.D in Musicology by the Université de Montréal
for a study of historical pitch
standards.
s in San Francisco (the San Francisco Ballet
and Opera
orchestras) and Jalapa, Mexico. In 1964 he moved to Holland to study early music performance and began playing the early oboe, or hautboy. Haynes was one of the first 20th-century performers to master the hautboy and was a key figure in setting professional performance standards for it. In the mid-1970s he reintroduced the hautboy to 20th-century France, and was among the first to perform the instrument in Britain, Italy, and Israel. Haynes performed with period instrument ensembles until the early 2000s and made a number of solo
and ensemble
recordings. He was a founding member of the San Francisco-based Philharmonia Baroque Orchestra
, along with his wife and long-time musical partner, baroque cellist and gambist Susie Napper. He performed and/or recorded with Frans Brüggen
, Gustav Leonhardt
, Sigiswald Kuijken
and Barthold Kuijken
, among others.
woodwinds. In 1969 he opened his own workshop in California. Subsequently, Haynes devoted himself to performing and research.
. He also started a class in hautboy there, the first in Holland, which he taught until the early 1980s.
Haynes was an associate professor of the Université de Montréal
and McGill University
in Montreal
, Canada. He was also frequently invited as a guest lecturer by other universities and musical associations.
has led to much research and writing. He wrote a number of articles and books (see list below) and was a contributor to MGG and the New Grove Dictionary of Music. Areas of research include the construction, repertory and playing techniques of the hautboy; the history of pitch
; historical performance practice; rhetoric; eloquence and the Passions. Haynes held various doctoral and postdoctoral fellowships from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada and was Senior Fellow of the Canada Council for the Arts in 2003.
Oboist
An oboist is a musician who plays the oboe or any oboe family instrument, including the cor anglais, oboe d'amore, shawm and oboe musette....
, recorder
Recorder
The recorder is a woodwind musical instrument of the family known as fipple flutes or internal duct flutes—whistle-like instruments which include the tin whistle. The recorder is end-blown and the mouth of the instrument is constricted by a wooden plug, known as a block or fipple...
player, musicologist
Musicology
Musicology is the scholarly study of music. The word is used in narrow, broad and intermediate senses. In the narrow sense, musicology is confined to the music history of Western culture...
and specialist in historical performance practice
Historically informed performance
Historically informed performance is an approach in the performance of music and theater. Within this approach, the performance adheres to state-of-the-art knowledge of the aesthetic criteria of the period in which the music or theatre work was conceived...
.
Biography
Bruce Haynes was born in LouisvilleLouisville, Kentucky
Louisville is the largest city in the U.S. state of Kentucky, and the county seat of Jefferson County. Since 2003, the city's borders have been coterminous with those of the county because of a city-county merger. The city's population at the 2010 census was 741,096...
, Kentucky
Kentucky
The Commonwealth of Kentucky is a state located in the East Central United States of America. As classified by the United States Census Bureau, Kentucky is a Southern state, more specifically in the East South Central region. Kentucky is one of four U.S. states constituted as a commonwealth...
in 1942 and began playing the recorder and oboe
Oboe
The oboe is a double reed musical instrument of the woodwind family. In English, prior to 1770, the instrument was called "hautbois" , "hoboy", or "French hoboy". The spelling "oboe" was adopted into English ca...
at an early age. His father also played the recorder and oboe and was a music teacher. Haynes died on May 17, 2011 in Montreal
Montreal
Montreal is a city in Canada. It is the largest city in the province of Quebec, the second-largest city in Canada and the seventh largest in North America...
, Quebec
Quebec
Quebec or is a province in east-central Canada. It is the only Canadian province with a predominantly French-speaking population and the only one whose sole official language is French at the provincial level....
.
Training
After studying the modern oboe with Raymond Dusté and John de LancieJohn de Lancie (oboist)
For his son, the actor, please see John de LancieJohn de Lancie was an American musician who served as the principal oboist of the Philadelphia Orchestra for many years.-Career:...
, Haynes moved to Holland where he studied early music performance
Historically informed performance
Historically informed performance is an approach in the performance of music and theater. Within this approach, the performance adheres to state-of-the-art knowledge of the aesthetic criteria of the period in which the music or theatre work was conceived...
from 1964-1967 with Frans Brüggen
Frans Brüggen
Frans Brüggen is a well-known Dutch conductor, recorder player and baroque flautist.-Biography:Brüggen studied recorder and flute at the Amsterdam Muzieklyceum. He also studied musicology at the University of Amsterdam. In 1955, at the age of 21, he was appointed professor at the Royal...
and Gustav Leonhardt
Gustav Leonhardt
Gustav Leonhardt is a highly renowned Dutch keyboard player, conductor, musicologist, teacher and editor. Leonhardt has been a leading figure in the movement to perform music on period instruments...
at the Royal Conservatory of The Hague
Royal Conservatory of The Hague
The Royal Conservatory of The Hague is a conservatorium of music, providing higher education in music and dance, it is located in The Hague, Netherlands.-The Conservatory:...
.
In 1995 he was awarded a Ph.D in Musicology by the Université de Montréal
Université de Montréal
The Université de Montréal is a public francophone research university in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It comprises thirteen faculties, more than sixty departments and two affiliated schools: the École Polytechnique and HEC Montréal...
for a study of historical pitch
Pitch (music)
Pitch is an auditory perceptual property that allows the ordering of sounds on a frequency-related scale.Pitches are compared as "higher" and "lower" in the sense associated with musical melodies,...
standards.
Performing
Haynes began his performing career on the modern oboe in 1960, playing with orchestraOrchestra
An orchestra is a sizable instrumental ensemble that contains sections of string, brass, woodwind, and percussion instruments. The term orchestra derives from the Greek ορχήστρα, the name for the area in front of an ancient Greek stage reserved for the Greek chorus...
s in San Francisco (the San Francisco Ballet
San Francisco Ballet
The San Francisco Ballet is a ballet company, founded in 1933 as the San Francisco Opera Ballet. The company is currently based in the War Memorial Opera House, San Francisco, under the direction of Helgi Tomasson. SFB is the first professional ballet company in the United States...
and Opera
San Francisco Opera
San Francisco Opera is an American opera company, based in San Francisco, California.It was founded in 1923 by Gaetano Merola and is the second largest opera company in North America...
orchestras) and Jalapa, Mexico. In 1964 he moved to Holland to study early music performance and began playing the early oboe, or hautboy. Haynes was one of the first 20th-century performers to master the hautboy and was a key figure in setting professional performance standards for it. In the mid-1970s he reintroduced the hautboy to 20th-century France, and was among the first to perform the instrument in Britain, Italy, and Israel. Haynes performed with period instrument ensembles until the early 2000s and made a number of solo
Solo (music)
In music, a solo is a piece or a section of a piece played or sung by a single performer...
and ensemble
Musical ensemble
A musical ensemble is a group of people who perform instrumental or vocal music. In classical music, trios or quartets either blend the sounds of musical instrument families or group together instruments from the same instrument family, such as string ensembles or wind ensembles...
recordings. He was a founding member of the San Francisco-based Philharmonia Baroque Orchestra
Philharmonia Baroque Orchestra
Philharmonia Baroque Orchestra is an orchestra based in San Francisco, which is dedicated to historically informed performance of Baroque, Classical and early Romantic music on original instruments. The Philharmonia Baroque Orchestra was founded in 1981 by harpsichordist, teacher and early music...
, along with his wife and long-time musical partner, baroque cellist and gambist Susie Napper. He performed and/or recorded with Frans Brüggen
Frans Brüggen
Frans Brüggen is a well-known Dutch conductor, recorder player and baroque flautist.-Biography:Brüggen studied recorder and flute at the Amsterdam Muzieklyceum. He also studied musicology at the University of Amsterdam. In 1955, at the age of 21, he was appointed professor at the Royal...
, Gustav Leonhardt
Gustav Leonhardt
Gustav Leonhardt is a highly renowned Dutch keyboard player, conductor, musicologist, teacher and editor. Leonhardt has been a leading figure in the movement to perform music on period instruments...
, Sigiswald Kuijken
Sigiswald Kuijken
Sigiswald Kuijken is a Belgian violinist, violist, and conductor known for playing on authentic instruments.-Biography:Kuijken was born in Dilbeek, near Brussels. He was a member of the Alarius Ensemble of Brussels between 1964 and 1972 and formed La Petite Bande in 1972...
and Barthold Kuijken
Barthold Kuijken
Barthold Kuijken is a Belgian flautist and recorder player, known for playing baroque music on authentic instruments and particularly known for pioneering this manner of performance with his brothers, cellist and viol player Wieland Kuijken and violinist Sigiswald Kuijken and the harpsichordist...
, among others.
Instrument-making
Haynes apprenticed to Friedrich von Huene in Boston, Massachusetts, learning to make copies of original BaroqueBaroque
The Baroque is a period and the style that used exaggerated motion and clear, easily interpreted detail to produce drama, tension, exuberance, and grandeur in sculpture, painting, literature, dance, and music...
woodwinds. In 1969 he opened his own workshop in California. Subsequently, Haynes devoted himself to performing and research.
Teaching
Haynes substituted for Frans Brüggen at the Royal Conservatory of The HagueRoyal Conservatory of The Hague
The Royal Conservatory of The Hague is a conservatorium of music, providing higher education in music and dance, it is located in The Hague, Netherlands.-The Conservatory:...
. He also started a class in hautboy there, the first in Holland, which he taught until the early 1980s.
Haynes was an associate professor of the Université de Montréal
Université de Montréal
The Université de Montréal is a public francophone research university in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It comprises thirteen faculties, more than sixty departments and two affiliated schools: the École Polytechnique and HEC Montréal...
and McGill University
McGill University
Mohammed Fathy is a public research university located in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The university bears the name of James McGill, a prominent Montreal merchant from Glasgow, Scotland, whose bequest formed the beginning of the university...
in Montreal
Montreal
Montreal is a city in Canada. It is the largest city in the province of Quebec, the second-largest city in Canada and the seventh largest in North America...
, Canada. He was also frequently invited as a guest lecturer by other universities and musical associations.
Research and Writing
Haynes’ interest in the hautboy and in historical performance practiceHistorically informed performance
Historically informed performance is an approach in the performance of music and theater. Within this approach, the performance adheres to state-of-the-art knowledge of the aesthetic criteria of the period in which the music or theatre work was conceived...
has led to much research and writing. He wrote a number of articles and books (see list below) and was a contributor to MGG and the New Grove Dictionary of Music. Areas of research include the construction, repertory and playing techniques of the hautboy; the history of pitch
Pitch (music)
Pitch is an auditory perceptual property that allows the ordering of sounds on a frequency-related scale.Pitches are compared as "higher" and "lower" in the sense associated with musical melodies,...
; historical performance practice; rhetoric; eloquence and the Passions. Haynes held various doctoral and postdoctoral fellowships from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada and was Senior Fellow of the Canada Council for the Arts in 2003.
Selected Writings
- Music for Oboe, 1650–1800: a Bibliography (Berkeley, 1985, 2/1992)
- Lully and the Rise of the Oboe as seen in Works of Art, EMc, xvi (1988), 324–38
- Pitch Standards in the Baroque and Classical Periods (diss., U. of Montreal, 1995)
- A History of Performing Pitch: The Story of A (Scarecrow Press, 2002)
- The Eloquent Oboe: A History of the Hautboy from 1640 to 1760 (Oxford University Press, 2001)
- The Oboe (with Geoffrey Burgess), (Yale University Press, 2004)
- The End of Early Music: A Period Performer's History of Music for the Twenty-First Century (Oxford University Press, 2007)