Brzóza Królewska
Encyclopedia
Brzóza Królewska ' is a village
in the administrative district of Gmina Leżajsk
, within Leżajsk County
, Subcarpathian Voivodeship
, in south-eastern Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) west of Leżajsk
and 34 km (21 mi) north-east of the regional capital Rzeszów
. In 2006 the village had a population of 3,200.
Brzóza Królewska is divided into the following parts: Podbór, Stępnie, Bednarze, Kmiecie, Zagrody, Łoiny, Flisy, Piaski, Podsośnina, Chiny.
The area was originally a temporary shelter against Tatars
raids for the people of Giedlarowa
. Life was not easy for early occupants as the soil was not fertile. It was difficult to earn a living and have sufficient food provisions. However, over time, the population of Brzóza increased as a result of wolnizna (settlers did not have to pay rent for land in the beginning) granted to inhabitants by the starost from Leżajsk
- Łukasz Opaliński. After first partition of Poland
Brzóza Królewska was a part of the Austrian Empire
.
At the end of the 18th century there were approximately 1,500 occupants. In 1830, a Roman Catholic parish was created (earlier Brzóza Królewska was under supervision of Giedlarowa parish). In 1914, the original wooden church was rebuilt in brick temple. During World War II
, the village remained relatively free from German persecution. Only one Polish family was executed for hiding Jews
.
There are many beaver
lodges on Tarlaka river. The beaver
activity in this area has created many ponds and backwaters, making the landscape suitable for many rare birds and other forms of wildlife. Other sites worth seeing include the former Potocki
Park, which has larch
alleus. In the same place, a memorial shrine was consecrated in 1923 for Dear Dziula, from Stecki's family. There is also a memorial stone with the epitaphy In memory of Adam Zamojski, for eternity Alfred Potocki and Jerzy Potocki, 1933.
Brzóza Królewska is typical agricultural village with some tourism. There are such educational posts like: kindergarten
, elementary school and gymnasium. There is also a bakery
and tourist resort. A large number of its inhabitants work in nearby Leżajsk
.
As a cultural enterprise: Brzozoki - folk band, was created and brass band which is part of Voluntary Fire Service. There is also football
and cycling
club: Azalia.
Village
A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet with the population ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand , Though often located in rural areas, the term urban village is also applied to certain urban neighbourhoods, such as the West Village in Manhattan, New...
in the administrative district of Gmina Leżajsk
Gmina Lezajsk
Gmina Leżajsk is a rural gmina in Leżajsk County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. Its seat is the town of Leżajsk, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina....
, within Leżajsk County
Lezajsk County
Leżajsk County is a unit of territorial administration and local government in Subcarpathian Voivodeship, south-eastern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Leżajsk, which lies...
, Subcarpathian Voivodeship
Subcarpathian Voivodeship
Podkarpackie Voivodeship , or Subcarpathian Voivodeship, is a voivodeship, or province, in extreme-southeastern Poland. Its administrative capital and largest city is Rzeszów...
, in south-eastern Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) west of Leżajsk
Lezajsk
Leżajsk is a town in southeastern Poland with 14,127 inhabitants . It has been situated in the Subcarpathian Voivodship since 1999 and is the capital of Leżajsk County. Leżajsk is famed for its Bernadine basilica and monastery, built by the architect Antonio Pellacini...
and 34 km (21 mi) north-east of the regional capital Rzeszów
Rzeszów
Rzeszów is a city in southeastern Poland with a population of 179,455 in 2010. It is located on both sides of the Wisłok River, in the heartland of the Sandomierska Valley...
. In 2006 the village had a population of 3,200.
Brzóza Królewska is divided into the following parts: Podbór, Stępnie, Bednarze, Kmiecie, Zagrody, Łoiny, Flisy, Piaski, Podsośnina, Chiny.
History
Brzóza Królewska was first mentioned in 1565. Its current location was not inhabited then and was only a hunting area known as over the birch (za brzozą). It was first settled in the mid-17th century.The area was originally a temporary shelter against Tatars
Tatars
Tatars are a Turkic speaking ethnic group , numbering roughly 7 million.The majority of Tatars live in the Russian Federation, with a population of around 5.5 million, about 2 million of which in the republic of Tatarstan.Significant minority populations are found in Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan,...
raids for the people of Giedlarowa
Giedlarowa
Giedlarowa is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Leżajsk, within Leżajsk County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland...
. Life was not easy for early occupants as the soil was not fertile. It was difficult to earn a living and have sufficient food provisions. However, over time, the population of Brzóza increased as a result of wolnizna (settlers did not have to pay rent for land in the beginning) granted to inhabitants by the starost from Leżajsk
Lezajsk
Leżajsk is a town in southeastern Poland with 14,127 inhabitants . It has been situated in the Subcarpathian Voivodship since 1999 and is the capital of Leżajsk County. Leżajsk is famed for its Bernadine basilica and monastery, built by the architect Antonio Pellacini...
- Łukasz Opaliński. After first partition of Poland
Partitions of Poland
The Partitions of Poland or Partitions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth took place in the second half of the 18th century and ended the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, resulting in the elimination of sovereign Poland for 123 years...
Brzóza Królewska was a part of the Austrian Empire
Austrian Empire
The Austrian Empire was a modern era successor empire, which was centered on what is today's Austria and which officially lasted from 1804 to 1867. It was followed by the Empire of Austria-Hungary, whose proclamation was a diplomatic move that elevated Hungary's status within the Austrian Empire...
.
At the end of the 18th century there were approximately 1,500 occupants. In 1830, a Roman Catholic parish was created (earlier Brzóza Królewska was under supervision of Giedlarowa parish). In 1914, the original wooden church was rebuilt in brick temple. During World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
, the village remained relatively free from German persecution. Only one Polish family was executed for hiding Jews
Jews
The Jews , also known as the Jewish people, are a nation and ethnoreligious group originating in the Israelites or Hebrews of the Ancient Near East. The Jewish ethnicity, nationality, and religion are strongly interrelated, as Judaism is the traditional faith of the Jewish nation...
.
Overview
The village is located between forests which are remains of the "Sandomierska Wilderness". It was included in the "Brzóźniański Obszar Chronionego Krajobrazu" (nature preserve) formed in 1992 (which contains an area of 118 square kilometres - of which 75% are woods). It is the most precious site there, and is especially known for its peat bog reserve called Suchy Ług. A water reservoir was created where Tartaczny stream connects with Tarlaka river. It is mainly used for firefighting purposes but is also a well-known tourist attraction.There are many beaver
Beaver
The beaver is a primarily nocturnal, large, semi-aquatic rodent. Castor includes two extant species, North American Beaver and Eurasian Beaver . Beavers are known for building dams, canals, and lodges . They are the second-largest rodent in the world...
lodges on Tarlaka river. The beaver
Beaver
The beaver is a primarily nocturnal, large, semi-aquatic rodent. Castor includes two extant species, North American Beaver and Eurasian Beaver . Beavers are known for building dams, canals, and lodges . They are the second-largest rodent in the world...
activity in this area has created many ponds and backwaters, making the landscape suitable for many rare birds and other forms of wildlife. Other sites worth seeing include the former Potocki
Potocki
Potocki is the surname of a Polish noble family.-History:The Potocki family is a great artistocratic family originated from Potok in the Kraków Voivodeship; their family name derives from that place name. The family is heavily entwined with the cultural development and history of Poland's Eastern...
Park, which has larch
Larch
Larches are conifers in the genus Larix, in the family Pinaceae. Growing from 15 to 50m tall, they are native to much of the cooler temperate northern hemisphere, on lowlands in the north and high on mountains further south...
alleus. In the same place, a memorial shrine was consecrated in 1923 for Dear Dziula, from Stecki's family. There is also a memorial stone with the epitaphy In memory of Adam Zamojski, for eternity Alfred Potocki and Jerzy Potocki, 1933.
Brzóza Królewska is typical agricultural village with some tourism. There are such educational posts like: kindergarten
Kindergarten
A kindergarten is a preschool educational institution for children. The term was created by Friedrich Fröbel for the play and activity institute that he created in 1837 in Bad Blankenburg as a social experience for children for their transition from home to school...
, elementary school and gymnasium. There is also a bakery
Bakery
A bakery is an establishment which produces and sells flour-based food baked in an oven such as bread, cakes, pastries and pies. Some retail bakeries are also cafés, serving coffee and tea to customers who wish to consume the baked goods on the premises.-See also:*Baker*Cake...
and tourist resort. A large number of its inhabitants work in nearby Leżajsk
Lezajsk
Leżajsk is a town in southeastern Poland with 14,127 inhabitants . It has been situated in the Subcarpathian Voivodship since 1999 and is the capital of Leżajsk County. Leżajsk is famed for its Bernadine basilica and monastery, built by the architect Antonio Pellacini...
.
As a cultural enterprise: Brzozoki - folk band, was created and brass band which is part of Voluntary Fire Service. There is also football
Football (soccer)
Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball...
and cycling
Cycling
Cycling, also called bicycling or biking, is the use of bicycles for transport, recreation, or for sport. Persons engaged in cycling are cyclists or bicyclists...
club: Azalia.