Burmese royal titles
Encyclopedia
Burmese royal titles are the royal styles
that were in use by the Burmese monarchy until the disintegration of the Konbaung dynasty
in 1885. These titles were exclusively used by those of royal lineage ( or ), or more formally, Maha Zi Maha Thwei .
and Sanskrit
, upon ascending to the throne. In the Taungoo and Konbaung dynasties
, the title Shwe Nan Shwe Pyatthat
Thahkin , literally "Master Lord of the Golden Palace and Golden Spired Roofs", was also used by the sovereign king.
He was addressed Hpondawgyi Hpaya or Ashin Hpaya and Hkamedaw by his children, the princes and princesses. Other forms of address included Shwe Nan Shin Hpaya and Ekarit Min Myat .
Concubines not of royal rank did not receive titles and were called Maungma Meithan .
Minnyi Mintha
: i.e. Princes of the Blood, divided into four principal grades:
The principal royal wives of the Minnyi Mintha
were titled as follows:
The daughters of the King were titled according to their mother's rank:
Style (manner of address)
A style of office, or honorific, is a legal, official, or recognized title. A style, by tradition or law, precedes a reference to a person who holds a post or political office, and is sometimes used to refer to the office itself. An honorific can also be awarded to an individual in a personal...
that were in use by the Burmese monarchy until the disintegration of the Konbaung dynasty
Konbaung dynasty
The Konbaung Dynasty was the last dynasty that ruled Burma from 1752 to 1885. The dynasty created the second largest empire in Burmese history, and continued the administrative reforms begun by the Toungoo dynasty, laying the foundations of modern state of Burma...
in 1885. These titles were exclusively used by those of royal lineage ( or ), or more formally, Maha Zi Maha Thwei .
King
Kings in Burma assumed a distinctive reign name and title, usually a combination of PaliPáli
- External links :* *...
and Sanskrit
Sanskrit
Sanskrit , is a historical Indo-Aryan language and the primary liturgical language of Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism.Buddhism: besides Pali, see Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Today, it is listed as one of the 22 scheduled languages of India and is an official language of the state of Uttarakhand...
, upon ascending to the throne. In the Taungoo and Konbaung dynasties
Konbaung dynasty
The Konbaung Dynasty was the last dynasty that ruled Burma from 1752 to 1885. The dynasty created the second largest empire in Burmese history, and continued the administrative reforms begun by the Toungoo dynasty, laying the foundations of modern state of Burma...
, the title Shwe Nan Shwe Pyatthat
Pyatthat
Pyatthat is the name of a multi-tiered and spired roof commonly found in Burmese royal and Buddhist architecture, especially pagoda compounds, monasteries and palace buildings. The pyatthat is made of successive roofs, with a box-like structure between each roof called the lebaw...
Thahkin , literally "Master Lord of the Golden Palace and Golden Spired Roofs", was also used by the sovereign king.
He was addressed Hpondawgyi Hpaya or Ashin Hpaya and Hkamedaw by his children, the princes and princesses. Other forms of address included Shwe Nan Shin Hpaya and Ekarit Min Myat .
King's consorts
The king's consorts were assigned titles according to one of four ranks:- Nanya Mibaya : Queens of the first rank
- Nanmadaw Mibaya Hkaunggyi : The Chief Queen (usually a half-sister by the same father), she alone had the right to a white umbrella and to sit with the King on the divan-throne. She was also called the Taung Nandaw Mibaya , Taung Nyazan Ashin Nanmadaw Hpaya and Nanmadaw .
- Myauk Nandaw Mibaya : Queen of the Northern Palace (the third most senior wife of the King)
- Ale Nandaw Mibaya : Queen of the Centre Palace (the fourth most senior wife of the King)
- Anauk Nandaw Mibaya : Queen of the Western Palace (the fifth most senior wife of the King)
- Ahsaungya Mibaya : Queens of the second rank
- Taung Hsaungdaw Mibaya : Queen of the Southern Apartment (first senior wife)
- Myauk Hsaungdaw Mibaya : Queen of the Northern Apartment (second senior wife of the second rank)
- Shweye Hsaungya Mibaya : Queens of the third rank
- Myan Aung Taung Shweye Hsaung Mibaya : Queen of the Southern Gilded Chamber (first senior wife of the third rank)
- Myan Aung Myauk Shweye Hsaung Mibaya : Myan Aung Myauk-shwe-ye-saung Mibura: Queen of the Northern Gilded Chamber (second senior wife of the third rank)
- Myan Aung Ale Shweye Hsaung Mibaya : Queen of the Central Gilded Chamber (second senior wife of the third rank)
- Myan Aung Anauk Shweye Hsaung Mibaya : Queen of the Western Gilded Chamber (third senior wife of the third rank)
- Myosa Mibaya and Ywaza Mibaya : the fourth rank of minor wives
Concubines not of royal rank did not receive titles and were called Maungma Meithan .
Princes and princesses
Princes were titled according to their mother's rank:- Shwe Kodawgyi Awratha : The eldest son of the sovereign, by his chief Queen, i.e. Prince with the style of His Royal Highness
- Shwe Kodawgyi Razaputra : The younger sons of the sovereign, by his chief Queen, i.e. Prince with the style of His Royal Highness
- Shwe Kodawgyi : The sons of the sovereign, by his senior Queens, i.e. Prince with the style of His Royal Highness
- Kodawgyi : The sons of the sovereign, by his junior wives, i.e. Prince with the style of His Royal Highness
- Hteik Tin : The sons of a Prince, by a junior wife, i.e. Prince
Minnyi Mintha
Minnyi Mintha
Minnyi Mintha was the common title for all Princes of the Blood of the Burmese monarchy , who were all assigned fiefdoms when they came of age, and promoted to this rank....
: i.e. Princes of the Blood, divided into four principal grades:
- Maha Uparaza Anaukrapa Einshay MinUparajaUparaja or Ouparath, also Ouparaja , was a royal title reserved for the vice royal in the Buddhist dynasties in Burma, Cambodia, and Laos and Thailand as well as some of their minor tributary kingdoms.-Burma:...
: The Great Deputy King, and addressed as His Royal Highness - Bayin Hkan : Viceroys of the great provinces, i.e. Viceroy, with the style of His Royal Highness
- Minthaya Gyi : Great Princes, a maximum of eighteen at any one time, divided into nine great princes of the left and nine great princes of the right, together with the rank of Thado Min , i.e. Prince, with the style of His Royal Highness
- Mintha Lat : Middle Princes, a maximum of eighteen at any one time, divided into nine middle princes of the left and nine middle princes of the right, together with the rank of Min Ye , Prince, with the style of His Royal Highness
The principal royal wives of the Minnyi Mintha
Minnyi Mintha
Minnyi Mintha was the common title for all Princes of the Blood of the Burmese monarchy , who were all assigned fiefdoms when they came of age, and promoted to this rank....
were titled as follows:
- Einshay Hteik Hta Mibaya : The principal Royal wife of the Great Deputy King, addressed as Her Royal Highness
- Hteik Hta Mibaya : The principal Royal wife of a Viceroy, i.e. Princess with the style of Her Royal Highness
The daughters of the King were titled according to their mother's rank:
- Hteik Suhpaya : The daughters of the sovereign by his Royal wives, i.e. Princess with the style of Her Royal Highness
- Hteik Hkaungtin : The daughters of the sovereign, by his junior wives, before marriage, i.e. Princess with the style of Her Royal Highness.
- Hteik Hta Mibaya : The daughters of the sovereign, by his junior wives after marriage, i.e. Princess with the style of Her Royal Highness.
- Tabin Taing Minthami : The next Crown Princess in line to become chief queen
See also
- Hereditary titles
- HonorificHonorificAn honorific is a word or expression with connotations conveying esteem or respect when used in addressing or referring to a person. Sometimes, the term is used not quite correctly to refer to an honorary title...
- Royal and noble ranksRoyal and noble ranksTraditional rank amongst European royalty, peers, and nobility is rooted in Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. Although they vary over time and between geographic regions , the following is a reasonably comprehensive list that provides information on both general ranks and specific differences.-...
- Royal and noble stylesRoyal and noble stylesStyles represent the fashion by which monarchs and noblemen are properly addressed. Throughout history, many different styles were used, with little standardization...
(European) - Style (manner of address)Style (manner of address)A style of office, or honorific, is a legal, official, or recognized title. A style, by tradition or law, precedes a reference to a person who holds a post or political office, and is sometimes used to refer to the office itself. An honorific can also be awarded to an individual in a personal...
- Title of honorTitle of honorAn honorary title or title of honor is a title bestowed upon individuals or organizations as an award in recognition of their merits.Sometimes the title bears the same or nearly the same name as a title of authority, but the person bestowed does not have to carry any duties, possibly except for...