Bushehr Province
Encyclopedia
Bushehr Province is one of the 31 provinces
of Iran
. It is in the south of the country, with a long coastline onto the Persian Gulf
. Its center is Bandar-e-Bushehr, the provincial capital. The province has nine counties: Bushehr
, Dashtestan
, Dashti
, Dayyer
, Deylam
, Jam
, Kangan
, Ganaveh
and Tangestan
. In 2005, the province had a population of approximately 816,115 people.
. A French excavating team however in 1913 determined the origin of Bushehr to date back to the Elamite Empire. A city there, known as Lyan, contained a temple that was designed to protect the compound from naval attacks. Its remains can still be seen today 10 kilometers south of the present city of Bushehr.
Marco Polo describes this region as part of the Persian province of Shabankareh
A key turning point in the history of Bor event of significance is known to have taken place in this region until the arrival of the European colonialists in the 16th century.
The Portuguese
, invaded the city of Bushehr in 1506 and remained there until Shah Abbas Safavi successfully defeated and liberated the Persian Gulf region of their presence. By 1734, Bushehr had once again risen to prominence due to Nadir Shah of the Afsharid dynasty
, and his military policies in The Persian Gulf.
Bushehr was selected by Nadir to be the central base of Nadir's Naval fleet in the Persian Gulf. He thus changed the name of the city to Bandar e Nadiriyeh (Nadir's Port). He hired an Englishman by the name of John Elton to help build his fleet. Dutch accounts report his naval fleet to have amounted to 8000-10000 personnel as well as several ship construction installations.
After Nadir's death, the Dutch
continued to have good commercial relations in Bushehr, until the British made their debut in Bushehr in 1763 by a contract they signed with Karim Khan
of the Zand dynasty
. By then, the city of Bushehr had become Iran's major port city in the Persian Gulf
. By the Qajar era, Britain
, Norway
, Russia
, Italy
, France
, Germany
, and the Ottoman
s had diplomatic and commercial offices there, with Britain steadily gaining a foothold in the area. Close to 100 British ships are reported to have docked at the port city every year during the Qajar era.
Aside from the revived port city of Bushehr
, which is the second main naval port of Iran after Bandar Abbas
, Bushehr also has come back recently in the spotlight for three main reasons:
was selected to carry on the major responsibility of Iran's petroleum exports, though even Kharg was not immune from Iraqi air raids.
The Bushehr Light water PWR Nuclear Reactor
, designed by Siemens AG
, built by the Russians, is Iran's first Nuclear Power Plant reactor.
The Assalouyeh industrial zone is deemed so lucrative that even American
companies such as American Allied International Corp and Halliburton
have bypassed American sanctions to become somehow involved in the zone.http://www.aaic.cc/assalouyeh.php
Shahin is one of the oldest soccer team in Iran
which has found in 1942. Shahin is one of the most popular teams in current Iranian football league
just like Tractor-Sazi from Tabriz.
Shahin Players in current league are:
Mojtaba Roshangar (1),
Mohsen Hamidi (2),
Lec chiera (3),
Ahmad Al Neme(4),
Reza Bazyari (5),
Mehdi Nouri (6),
Sattar Zare (7),
Sadeq Karami (8),
Abdolah Karami (10),
Mohsen Iran Nejad (11),
Masoud Nazar Zade (12),
Hamid Reza Soleimani (14),
Bahman Shirvani (15),
Mehdi Kiani (16),
Abbas Pour Khosravani (17),
Amjad Shokomaqam (18),
Uche Irome (19),
Iman Heydari (20),
Ivan Petrovic (21),
Majid Gholami (22),
Ali Salmani (23),
Amir Hosein Mohammadi (24),
Aref Zobeidi (26),
Mansour Tanhaie (27),
Mostafa Rajaie (33),
and coaching by Hamid Isteely.
. Faiez poems, and dashti(or dashtestani) literature in general, resemble Baba Taher
's works. Sadeq Chubak
and Najaf Daryabandari are among the most prominent writers in literature of Bushehr.
Provinces of Iran
Iran is subdivided into thirty one provinces , each governed from a local center, usually the largest local city, which is called the capital of that province...
of Iran
Iran
Iran , officially the Islamic Republic of Iran , is a country in Southern and Western Asia. The name "Iran" has been in use natively since the Sassanian era and came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was known to the Western world as Persia...
. It is in the south of the country, with a long coastline onto the Persian Gulf
Persian Gulf
The Persian Gulf, in Southwest Asia, is an extension of the Indian Ocean located between Iran and the Arabian Peninsula.The Persian Gulf was the focus of the 1980–1988 Iran-Iraq War, in which each side attacked the other's oil tankers...
. Its center is Bandar-e-Bushehr, the provincial capital. The province has nine counties: Bushehr
Bushehr County
Bushehr County is a county in Bushehr Province in Iran. The capital of the county is Bushehr. At the 2006 census, the county's population was 216,087, in 53,173 families. The county is subdivided into two districts: the Central District and Kharg District...
, Dashtestan
Dashtestan County
Dashtestan County is a county in Bushehr Province in Iran. The capital of the county is Borazjan. At the 2006 census, the county's population was 222,226, in 47,773 families. The county is subdivided into six districts: the Central District, Bushkan District, Sadabad District, Eram District, Ab...
, Dashti
Dashti County
Dashti County is one of the nine counties in Bushehr Province, Iran. It has an area of 5,008 km². At the 2006 census, the county's population was 71,285, in 15,465 families. The population is Muslim and they speak various forms of Persian languages including Farsi and the local Dashti. The...
, Dayyer
Dayyer County
Deyr County is a county in Bushehr Province in Iran. The capital is Bandar Deyr . At the 2006 census, the county's population was 48,488, in 10,036 families. The county is subdivided into two districts: the Central District and Bord Khun District...
, Deylam
Deylam County
Deylam County is a county in Bushehr Province in Iran. The capital of the county is Bandar Deylam. At the 2006 census, the county's population was 29,079, in 6,362 families. The county is subdivided into two districts: the Central District and Imam Hassan District...
, Jam
Jam County
Jam County is a county in Bushehr Province in Iran. The capital of the county is Jam. At the 2006 census, its population was 37,999, in 8,412 families. The county is subdivided into two districts: the Central District and Riz District. The county has two cities: Jam and Riz.-References:* اطلس...
, Kangan
Kangan County
Kangan County is a county in Bushehr Province in Iran. The capital of the county is Bandar Kangan. At the 2006 census, the county's population was 95,113, in 15,220 families. The county is subdivided into two districts: the Central District and Asaluyeh District...
, Ganaveh
Ganaveh County
Ganaveh County is a county in Bushehr Province in Iran. The capital of the county is Bandar Ganaveh. At the 2006 census, the county's population was 82,937, in 17,701 families. The county is subdivided into two districts: the Central District and Rig District...
and Tangestan
Tangestan County
Tangestan County is a county in Bushehr Province in Iran. The capital of the county is Ahram. At the 2006 census, the county's population was 63,276, in 14,620 families. The county is subdivided into two districts: the Central District and Delvar District...
. In 2005, the province had a population of approximately 816,115 people.
History
The Greeks knew of Bushehr by Mezambria during the battles of NearchusNearchus
Nearchus was one of the officers, a navarch, in the army of Alexander the Great. His celebrated voyage from India to Susa after Alexander's expedition in India is preserved in Arrian's account, the Indica....
. A French excavating team however in 1913 determined the origin of Bushehr to date back to the Elamite Empire. A city there, known as Lyan, contained a temple that was designed to protect the compound from naval attacks. Its remains can still be seen today 10 kilometers south of the present city of Bushehr.
Marco Polo describes this region as part of the Persian province of Shabankareh
A key turning point in the history of Bor event of significance is known to have taken place in this region until the arrival of the European colonialists in the 16th century.
The Portuguese
Portuguese people
The Portuguese are a nation and ethnic group native to the country of Portugal, in the west of the Iberian peninsula of south-west Europe. Their language is Portuguese, and Roman Catholicism is the predominant religion....
, invaded the city of Bushehr in 1506 and remained there until Shah Abbas Safavi successfully defeated and liberated the Persian Gulf region of their presence. By 1734, Bushehr had once again risen to prominence due to Nadir Shah of the Afsharid dynasty
Afsharid dynasty
The Afsharids were members of an Iranian dynasty of Turkmen origin from Khorasan who ruled Persia in the 18th century. The dynasty was founded in 1736 by the military commander Nader Shah who deposed the last member of the Safavid dynasty and proclaimed himself King of Iran. During Nader's reign,...
, and his military policies in The Persian Gulf.
Bushehr was selected by Nadir to be the central base of Nadir's Naval fleet in the Persian Gulf. He thus changed the name of the city to Bandar e Nadiriyeh (Nadir's Port). He hired an Englishman by the name of John Elton to help build his fleet. Dutch accounts report his naval fleet to have amounted to 8000-10000 personnel as well as several ship construction installations.
After Nadir's death, the Dutch
Netherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
continued to have good commercial relations in Bushehr, until the British made their debut in Bushehr in 1763 by a contract they signed with Karim Khan
Karim Khan
Karim Khan Zand, , , was a ruler of Iran, and the founder of the Zand Dynasty.He was born to a family of the Zand tribe of Lur or Lak deportees...
of the Zand dynasty
Zand dynasty
The Zand dynasty ruled southern and central Iran in the 18th century.- Karim Khan Zand :The dynasty was founded by Karim Khan, chief of the Zand tribe which was Lur or Lak deportees. Modern scholarships such as Wadie Jwaideh suggested his Kurdishness. He became one of Nader Shah's generals...
. By then, the city of Bushehr had become Iran's major port city in the Persian Gulf
Persian Gulf
The Persian Gulf, in Southwest Asia, is an extension of the Indian Ocean located between Iran and the Arabian Peninsula.The Persian Gulf was the focus of the 1980–1988 Iran-Iraq War, in which each side attacked the other's oil tankers...
. By the Qajar era, Britain
Kingdom of Great Britain
The former Kingdom of Great Britain, sometimes described as the 'United Kingdom of Great Britain', That the Two Kingdoms of Scotland and England, shall upon the 1st May next ensuing the date hereof, and forever after, be United into One Kingdom by the Name of GREAT BRITAIN. was a sovereign...
, Norway
Norway
Norway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of and a population of about 4.9 million...
, Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
, Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
, and the Ottoman
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
s had diplomatic and commercial offices there, with Britain steadily gaining a foothold in the area. Close to 100 British ships are reported to have docked at the port city every year during the Qajar era.
Administrative divisions
Bushehr Province:| Map | Province Province A province is a territorial unit, almost always an administrative division, within a country or state.-Etymology:The English word "province" is attested since about 1330 and derives from the 13th-century Old French "province," which itself comes from the Latin word "provincia," which referred to... | capital Capital City Capital City was a television show produced by Euston Films which focused on the lives of investment bankers in London living and working on the corporate trading floor for the fictional international bank Shane-Longman.... | County County A county is a jurisdiction of local government in certain modern nations. Historically in mainland Europe, the original French term, comté, and its equivalents in other languages denoted a jurisdiction under the sovereignty of a count A county is a jurisdiction of local government in certain... | capital Capital City Capital City was a television show produced by Euston Films which focused on the lives of investment bankers in London living and working on the corporate trading floor for the fictional international bank Shane-Longman.... |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bushehr Bushehr Province Bushehr Province is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. It is in the south of the country, with a long coastline onto the Persian Gulf. Its center is Bandar-e-Bushehr, the provincial capital. The province has nine counties: Bushehr, Dashtestan, Dashti, Dayyer, Deylam, Jam, Kangan, Ganaveh and Tangestan... |
Bushehr Bushehr Bushehr Bushehr lies in a vast plain running along the coastal region on the Persian Gulf coast of southwestern Iran. It is the chief seaport of the country and the administrative centre of its province. Its location is about south of Tehran. The local climate is hot and humid.The city... |
|||
| Bushehr Bushehr County Bushehr County is a county in Bushehr Province in Iran. The capital of the county is Bushehr. At the 2006 census, the county's population was 216,087, in 53,173 families. The county is subdivided into two districts: the Central District and Kharg District... |
Bushehr Bushehr Bushehr Bushehr lies in a vast plain running along the coastal region on the Persian Gulf coast of southwestern Iran. It is the chief seaport of the country and the administrative centre of its province. Its location is about south of Tehran. The local climate is hot and humid.The city... |
|||
| Dashtestan Dashtestan County Dashtestan County is a county in Bushehr Province in Iran. The capital of the county is Borazjan. At the 2006 census, the county's population was 222,226, in 47,773 families. The county is subdivided into six districts: the Central District, Bushkan District, Sadabad District, Eram District, Ab... |
Borazjan Borazjan Borazjan is a city in and the capital of Dashtestan County, Bushehr Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 92,221, in 20,300 families.-History:... |
|||
| Dashti Dashti County Dashti County is one of the nine counties in Bushehr Province, Iran. It has an area of 5,008 km². At the 2006 census, the county's population was 71,285, in 15,465 families. The population is Muslim and they speak various forms of Persian languages including Farsi and the local Dashti. The... |
Khormoj Khormoj Khvormuj is a city in and capital of Dashti County, Bushehr Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 31,667, in 6,966 families.... |
|||
| Dayyer Dayyer County Deyr County is a county in Bushehr Province in Iran. The capital is Bandar Deyr . At the 2006 census, the county's population was 48,488, in 10,036 families. The county is subdivided into two districts: the Central District and Bord Khun District... |
Dayyer Bandar Dayyer Bandar Deyr is a city in and capital of Deyr County, Bushehr Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 18,454, in 3,882 families.-References:* پایگاه خبری دیر نت [dayyer net]... |
|||
| Deylam Deylam County Deylam County is a county in Bushehr Province in Iran. The capital of the county is Bandar Deylam. At the 2006 census, the county's population was 29,079, in 6,362 families. The county is subdivided into two districts: the Central District and Imam Hassan District... |
Deylam | |||
| Ganaveh Ganaveh County Ganaveh County is a county in Bushehr Province in Iran. The capital of the county is Bandar Ganaveh. At the 2006 census, the county's population was 82,937, in 17,701 families. The county is subdivided into two districts: the Central District and Rig District... |
Ganaveh | |||
| Jam Jam County Jam County is a county in Bushehr Province in Iran. The capital of the county is Jam. At the 2006 census, its population was 37,999, in 8,412 families. The county is subdivided into two districts: the Central District and Riz District. The county has two cities: Jam and Riz.-References:* اطلس... |
Jam | |||
| Kangan Kangan County Kangan County is a county in Bushehr Province in Iran. The capital of the county is Bandar Kangan. At the 2006 census, the county's population was 95,113, in 15,220 families. The county is subdivided into two districts: the Central District and Asaluyeh District... |
Kangan | |||
| Tangestan Tangestan County Tangestan County is a county in Bushehr Province in Iran. The capital of the county is Ahram. At the 2006 census, the county's population was 63,276, in 14,620 families. The county is subdivided into two districts: the Central District and Delvar District... |
Ahram Ahram (town) Ahram is a city in and the capital of Tangestan County, Bushehr Province, Iran. It is located 50 kilometres southeast of Bushehr. At the 2006 census, its population was 12,182, in 2,710 families.... |
Bushehr today
Bushehr
Bushehr Bushehr lies in a vast plain running along the coastal region on the Persian Gulf coast of southwestern Iran. It is the chief seaport of the country and the administrative centre of its province. Its location is about south of Tehran. The local climate is hot and humid.The city...
, which is the second main naval port of Iran after Bandar Abbas
Bandar Abbas
Bandar-Abbas or Bandar-e ‘Abbās , also Romanized as Bandar ‘Abbās, Bandar ‘Abbāsī, and Bandar-e ‘Abbās; formerly known as Cambarão and Port Comorão to Portuguese traders, as Gombroon to English traders and as Gamrun or Gumrun to Dutch merchants) is a port city and capital of Hormozgān Province on...
, Bushehr also has come back recently in the spotlight for three main reasons:
Kharg Island (Khark Island)
During the Iran-Iraq war, Iran's major petroleum exporting ports in Khuzestan sustained damages so severe that a second port in Kharg IslandKharg Island
Kharg Island is a continental island in the Persian Gulf belonging to Iran. The island is located off the coast of Iran and northwest of the Strait of Hormuz. Administered by the adjacent coastal Bushehr Province, Kharg Island provides a sea port for the export of oil and extends Iranian...
was selected to carry on the major responsibility of Iran's petroleum exports, though even Kharg was not immune from Iraqi air raids.
Bushehr Nuclear Reactor
- See also: The Bushehr project of Iran's nuclear program
The Bushehr Light water PWR Nuclear Reactor
Nuclear reactor
A nuclear reactor is a device to initiate and control a sustained nuclear chain reaction. Most commonly they are used for generating electricity and for the propulsion of ships. Usually heat from nuclear fission is passed to a working fluid , which runs through turbines that power either ship's...
, designed by Siemens AG
Siemens AG
Siemens AG is a German multinational conglomerate company headquartered in Munich, Germany. It is the largest Europe-based electronics and electrical engineering company....
, built by the Russians, is Iran's first Nuclear Power Plant reactor.
The industrial corridor of Assalouyeh
As many as 70,000 foreign engineers and technicians are currently working in this industrial zone 270 kilometers south of the provincial capital. This zone is where the nearby famous South Pars Gas field is located, where Iran has invested hundreds of millions of dollars in infrastructure. The South Pars Gas field is the world's largest natural gas field.The Assalouyeh industrial zone is deemed so lucrative that even American
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
companies such as American Allied International Corp and Halliburton
Halliburton
Halliburton is the world's second largest oilfield services corporation with operations in more than 70 countries. It has hundreds of subsidiaries, affiliates, branches, brands and divisions worldwide and employs over 50,000 people....
have bypassed American sanctions to become somehow involved in the zone.http://www.aaic.cc/assalouyeh.php
Colleges and universities
- Persian Gulf UniversityPersian Gulf UniversityPersian Gulf University is a university in Bushehr Province of Iran.Established in 1991 as Bushehr University, the university has 7 schools, offering 24 bachelor degrees, and 33 masters degrees and 3 Ph.D degrees.-History:...
- Bushehr University of Medical SciencesBushehr University of Medical SciencesBushehr University of Medical Sciences , is a medical school in Bushehr Province of Iran.Located in the city of Bushehr, the university administers all public hospitals in and around the city of Bushehr.-External links:*...
- Islamic Azad University of Bushehr
- Islamic Azad University of Borazjan
- Islamic Azad University of Shabankare
- Islamic Azad University of Khormuj
- Islamic Azad University of Khark
- Iran Nuclear Energy College
- Payame Noor University of Bushehr
Sports
Football is the most popular sports in Boushehr. Boushehr is home to a famous football team: Shahin-e Boushehr (Pars-e Jonoubi).Shahin is one of the oldest soccer team in Iran
Iran
Iran , officially the Islamic Republic of Iran , is a country in Southern and Western Asia. The name "Iran" has been in use natively since the Sassanian era and came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was known to the Western world as Persia...
which has found in 1942. Shahin is one of the most popular teams in current Iranian football league
Iranian Football League
-History:-Pre-1970s:Before the early 1970s Iran did not have an official national league. Most teams would participate in city championships. Taj1 and Persepolis2 had become the two most popular teams in the mid 60s and continue to be in the present...
just like Tractor-Sazi from Tabriz.
Shahin Players in current league are:
Mojtaba Roshangar (1),
Mohsen Hamidi (2),
Lec chiera (3),
Ahmad Al Neme(4),
Reza Bazyari (5),
Mehdi Nouri (6),
Sattar Zare (7),
Sadeq Karami (8),
Abdolah Karami (10),
Mohsen Iran Nejad (11),
Masoud Nazar Zade (12),
Hamid Reza Soleimani (14),
Bahman Shirvani (15),
Mehdi Kiani (16),
Abbas Pour Khosravani (17),
Amjad Shokomaqam (18),
Uche Irome (19),
Iman Heydari (20),
Ivan Petrovic (21),
Majid Gholami (22),
Ali Salmani (23),
Amir Hosein Mohammadi (24),
Aref Zobeidi (26),
Mansour Tanhaie (27),
Mostafa Rajaie (33),
and coaching by Hamid Isteely.
Some attractions of Bushehr
Despite its unique potentials, Bushehr remains to be developed for absorbing tourists and seriously lacks the necessary investment for tourism. The city of Bushehr has 3-star hotels, an airport, and modern amenities. The Cultural heritage Organization of Iran lists up to 45 sites of historical and cultural significance in the province. Some are listed below:- Persian Gulf Beach(Bushehr)
- Deje Borazjan
- kakhe tauke (borazjan)
- Shahzade Ebrahim (Shazabreim)
- Qal'eh Holandiha (The Dutch Castle)
- Mabad PoseidonPoseidonPoseidon was the god of the sea, and, as "Earth-Shaker," of the earthquakes in Greek mythology. The name of the sea-god Nethuns in Etruscan was adopted in Latin for Neptune in Roman mythology: both were sea gods analogous to Poseidon...
, (Poseidon's temple) - Gurestan Bastani (the ancient cemetery)
- Imamzadeh Mir Mohammed Hanifeh
- Aramgah (tomb of) Haj Mohammed Ibrahim Esfahani
- The Old Church of Kharg Island
- Qavam water reservoir
- Qazi House
- Maqbareh (tomb of) the English General
- Shaykh Sadoon Mosque
- The Holy Christ Church
- House of Raies Ali Delvari
- House of Malik
- The ancient site of Ray-Shahr which is located 8 km south of Bushehr.
- Tomb of Abdul mohaymrn
- House Darya Baygui
- House of Dehdashti
- Castle of Khormuj
Literature
Bushehr has been home to some famous poets. Among them are Faiez Dashti (Dashtestani) (1830-1919) and Manouchehr AtashiManouchehr Atashi
Manouchehr Atashi was a Persian poet, writer, and journalist.He was born in 1931 in Dashtestan, Bushehr province His poetry is the poetry of the revolting warrior of the humiliated southern tribesman. He takes his work seriously and although attached to his native birthplace his poems are...
. Faiez poems, and dashti(or dashtestani) literature in general, resemble Baba Taher
Baba Taher
Baba Tahir, was an 11th century poet in Persian literature and mystic.-Biography:Baba Tahir is known as one of the most revered and respectable early poets in Iranian literature. Most of his life is clouded in mystery. He was born and lived in Hamadan, the capital city of the Hamedan Province in...
's works. Sadeq Chubak
Sadeq Chubak
Sādeq Chubak , sometimes Sādegh Choubak, , was an author of short fiction, drama, novels and one of the leading 20th-century writers of Iran...
and Najaf Daryabandari are among the most prominent writers in literature of Bushehr.
External links
- Bushehr Cultural Heritage Organization
- Iran Oil Terminals Company
- Iran Petrochemical Commercial Company
- Pars Special Economic Energy Zone
- National Iranian Gas Company
- National Petrochemical Company of Iran
- Bushehr Province Department of Education (in Persian)
- Official website of Shahin Club (in Persian)