Butyrophenone
Encyclopedia
Butyrophenone is a chemical compound (with a ketone
functional group); some of its derivatives (called commonly butyrophenones) are used to treat various psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia
, as well as acting as antiemetics.
Butyrophenones are a class of pharmaceutical drugs derived from butyrophenone.
Examples include:
The atypical antipsychotic
risperidone
, although not a butyrophenone, was developed with the structures of benperidol and lenperone as a basis.
Ketone
In organic chemistry, a ketone is an organic compound with the structure RCR', where R and R' can be a variety of atoms and groups of atoms. It features a carbonyl group bonded to two other carbon atoms. Many ketones are known and many are of great importance in industry and in biology...
functional group); some of its derivatives (called commonly butyrophenones) are used to treat various psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia
Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by a disintegration of thought processes and of emotional responsiveness. It most commonly manifests itself as auditory hallucinations, paranoid or bizarre delusions, or disorganized speech and thinking, and it is accompanied by significant social...
, as well as acting as antiemetics.
Butyrophenones are a class of pharmaceutical drugs derived from butyrophenone.
Examples include:
- HaloperidolHaloperidolHaloperidol is a typical antipsychotic. It is in the butyrophenone class of antipsychotic medications and has pharmacological effects similar to the phenothiazines....
, the most widely used classical antipsychotic drug in this class - DroperidolDroperidolDroperidol is an antidopaminergic drug used as an antiemetic and antipsychotic...
, often used for neuroleptanalgesic anesthesia and sedation in intensive-care treatment - BenperidolBenperidolBenperidol is a drug which is a highly potent butyrophenone derivative. It is in fact the most potent neuroleptic on the European market, with chlorpromazine equivalency as high as 75 to 100 ....
, the most potent commonly used antipsychotic ( 200 times more potent than chlorpromazineChlorpromazineChlorpromazine is a typical antipsychotic...
) - Triperidol, a highly potent antipsychotic (100 times more potent than chlorpromazineChlorpromazineChlorpromazine is a typical antipsychotic...
) - MelperoneMelperoneMelperone is an atypical antipsychotic of the butyrophenone chemical class.- External links :*...
, a weakly potent antipsychotic, in Europe commonly used for treatment of insomniaInsomniaInsomnia is most often defined by an individual's report of sleeping difficulties. While the term is sometimes used in sleep literature to describe a disorder demonstrated by polysomnographic evidence of disturbed sleep, insomnia is often defined as a positive response to either of two questions:...
, confusionConFusionConFusion is an annual science fiction convention organized by the Stilyagi Air Corps and its parent organization, the Ann Arbor Science Fiction Association. Commonly, it is held the third weekend of January. It is the oldest science fiction convention in Michigan, a regional, general SF con...
al states, psychomotor agitationPsychomotor agitationPsychomotor agitation is a series of unintentional and purposeless motions that stem from mental tension and anxiety of an individual. This includes pacing around a room, wringing one's hands, pulling off clothing and putting it back on and other similar actions...
, and deliriumDeliriumDelirium or acute confusional state is a common and severe neuropsychiatric syndrome with core features of acute onset and fluctuating course, attentional deficits and generalized severe disorganization of behavior...
, in particular, in geriatric patients - LenperoneLenperoneLenperone is a typical antipsychotic of the butyrophenone chemical class.- References :...
- DomperidoneDomperidoneDomperidone is an antidopaminergic drug, developed by Janssen Pharmaceutica, and used orally, rectally or intravenously, generally to suppress nausea and vomiting, or as a prokinetic agent...
, a dopamine-antagonist antiemeticAntiemeticAn antiemetic is a drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea. Antiemetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of opioid analgesics, general anaesthetics, and chemotherapy directed against cancer....
, derived further from butyrophenone (not being a butyrophenone itself).
The atypical antipsychotic
Atypical antipsychotic
The atypical antipsychotics are a group of antipsychotic tranquilizing drugs used to treat psychiatric conditions. Some atypical antipsychotics are FDA approved for use in the treatment of schizophrenia...
risperidone
Risperidone
Risperidone is a second generation or atypical antipsychotic, sold under the trade name . It is used to treat schizophrenia , schizoaffective disorder, the mixed and manic states associated with bipolar disorder, and irritability in people with autism...
, although not a butyrophenone, was developed with the structures of benperidol and lenperone as a basis.