Byczyna
Encyclopedia
Byczyna b is a town
in Kluczbork County
, Opole Voivodeship
, Poland
, with 3,708 inhabitants (2004).
The town of Byczyna was first mention in 1054 when it temporarily served as the capital of the Bishopric of Wrocław. After the loss of the Silesian duchies by the kingdom of Poland in the early 14th century Pitschen was for centuries a border town (near the border to Poland) and located north of Kluczbork and Rosenberg
in Upper Silesia
. The battle (Battle of Pitschen
) took place near Byczyna between Maximilian III, Archduke of Austria, who was elected as king of Poland, and Sigismund
of Sweden who also was elected as king, on January 24, 1588. Maximilian was defeated. He surrendered and went to imprisonment. The German author
Gustav Freytag
reports in his memories about yearly border violations at Byczyna.
Town
A town is a human settlement larger than a village but smaller than a city. The size a settlement must be in order to be called a "town" varies considerably in different parts of the world, so that, for example, many American "small towns" seem to British people to be no more than villages, while...
in Kluczbork County
Kluczbork County
Kluczbork County is a unit of territorial administration and local government in Opole Voivodeship, south-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Kluczbork, which lies ...
, Opole Voivodeship
Opole Voivodeship
- Administrative division :Opole Voivodeship is divided into 12 counties : 1 city county and 11 land counties. These are further divided into 71 gminas.The counties are listed in the following table .- Economy :...
, Poland
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
, with 3,708 inhabitants (2004).
The town of Byczyna was first mention in 1054 when it temporarily served as the capital of the Bishopric of Wrocław. After the loss of the Silesian duchies by the kingdom of Poland in the early 14th century Pitschen was for centuries a border town (near the border to Poland) and located north of Kluczbork and Rosenberg
Olesno
Olesno is a town in Opole Voivodship, Poland about north-east of the city of Opole. It is the capital of Olesno County and seat of the Gmina Olesno.-History:The area near the ancient Amber Road had been settled since the Neolithic era...
in Upper Silesia
Upper Silesia
Upper Silesia is the southeastern part of the historical and geographical region of Silesia. Since the 9th century, Upper Silesia has been part of Greater Moravia, the Duchy of Bohemia, the Piast Kingdom of Poland, again of the Lands of the Bohemian Crown and the Holy Roman Empire, as well as of...
. The battle (Battle of Pitschen
Battle of Byczyna
The Battle of Byczyna or Battle of Pitschen was the deciding battle of the 1587–1588 War of the Polish Succession, which erupted after two rival candidates were elected to the Polish throne...
) took place near Byczyna between Maximilian III, Archduke of Austria, who was elected as king of Poland, and Sigismund
Sigismund III Vasa
Sigismund III Vasa was King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, a monarch of the united Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth from 1587 to 1632, and King of Sweden from 1592 until he was deposed in 1599...
of Sweden who also was elected as king, on January 24, 1588. Maximilian was defeated. He surrendered and went to imprisonment. The German author
Author
An author is broadly defined as "the person who originates or gives existence to anything" and that authorship determines responsibility for what is created. Narrowly defined, an author is the originator of any written work.-Legal significance:...
Gustav Freytag
Gustav Freytag
Gustav Freytag was a German novelist and playwright.-Life:Freytag was born in Kreuzburg in Silesia...
reports in his memories about yearly border violations at Byczyna.
Famous persons connected to Byczyna
- Dr Eliasz Kreczmar (von Löven), physician and astronomer married Maria Cunitz
- Maria CunitzMaria CunitzMaria Cunitz or Maria Cunitia was an accomplished Silesian astronomer, and one of the most notable female astronomers of the modern era...
1610-1664 born in Wohlau (Lower Silesia) died at Pitschem, famous German female astronomer - Priest Johann DzierzonJan DzierzonJohann Dzierzon, in Polish Jan Dzierżon or Dzierżoń , also John Dzierzon , was a pioneering apiarist who discovered the phenomenon of parthenogenesis in bees and designed the first successful movable-frame beehive.Dzierzon came from a Polish family in Silesia...
famous scientist, an autochthon SilesianSilesiansSilesians , are the inhabitants of Silesia in Poland, Germany and the Czech Republic. A small diaspora community also exists in Karnes County, Texas in the USA....
, went to school at Byczyna - Martin Wilhelm KuttaMartin Wilhelm KuttaMartin Wilhelm Kutta was a German mathematician.Kutta was born in Pitschen, Upper Silesia . He attended the University of Breslau from 1885 to 1890, and continued his studies in Munich until 1894, where he became the assistant of Walther Franz Anton von Dyck. From 1898, he spent a year at the...
(November 3, 1867 – December 25, 1944) mathematician.
