Cell division control protein 42 homolog also known as CDC42 is a protein

Protein

Proteins are biochemical compounds consisting of one or more polypeptides typically folded into a globular or fibrous form, facilitating a biological function. A polypeptide is a single linear polymer chain of amino acids bonded together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of...

 involved in regulation of the cell cycle

Cell cycle

The cell cycle, or cell-division cycle, is the series of events that takes place in a cell leading to its division and duplication . In cells without a nucleus , the cell cycle occurs via a process termed binary fission...

. In humans, CDC42 is encoded by the CDC42 gene

Gene

A gene is a molecular unit of heredity of a living organism. It is a name given to some stretches of DNA and RNA that code for a type of protein or for an RNA chain that has a function in the organism. Living beings depend on genes, as they specify all proteins and functional RNA chains...

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Function

CDC42 is a small GTPase

GTPase

GTPases are a large family of hydrolase enzymes that can bind and hydrolyze guanosine triphosphate . The GTP binding and hydrolysis takes place in the highly conserved G domain common to all GTPases.-Functions:...

 of the Rho-subfamily, which regulates signaling pathways that control diverse cellular functions including cell morphology, migration, endocytosis and cell cycle progression. This protein is highly similar to Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cdc 42, and is able to complement the yeast cdc42-1 mutant. The product of oncogene Dbl was reported to specifically catalyze the dissociation of GDP from this protein. This protein could regulate actin

Actin

Actin is a globular, roughly 42-kDa moonlighting protein found in all eukaryotic cells where it may be present at concentrations of over 100 μM. It is also one of the most highly-conserved proteins, differing by no more than 20% in species as diverse as algae and humans...

 polymerization through its direct binding to Neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (N-WASP

WASL (gene)

Neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the WASL gene.The Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome family of proteins share similar domain structure, and are involved in transduction of signals from receptors on the cell surface to the actin cytoskeleton...

), which subsequently activates Arp2/3 complex. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants.

Interactions

CDC42 has been shown to interact

Protein-protein interaction

Protein–protein interactions occur when two or more proteins bind together, often to carry out their biological function. Many of the most important molecular processes in the cell such as DNA replication are carried out by large molecular machines that are built from a large number of protein...

 with Phospholipase D1

Phospholipase D1

Phospholipase D1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PLD1 gene.-Interactions:Phospholipase D1 has been shown to interact with RALA, BIN1, Amphiphysin, Alpha-synuclein, PEA15, RHOA, Protein kinase N1 and CDC42.-Inhibitors:...

, ARHGAP1

ARHGAP1

Rho GTPase-activating protein 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ARHGAP1 gene.-Interactions:ARHGAP1 has been shown to interact with CDC42, BNIP2 and RHOA.-Further reading:...

, PAK7

PAK7

Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 7 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PAK7 gene.-Further reading:...

, CDC42EP3

CDC42EP3

Cdc42 effector protein 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CDC42EP3 gene.-Interactions:CDC42EP3 has been shown to interact with CDC42 and RHOQ.-Further reading:...

, PARD6B

PARD6B

Partitioning defective 6 homolog beta is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PARD6B gene.-Interactions:PARD6B has been shown to interact with CDC42, RHOQ, RAC1 and Protein kinase Mζ.-Further reading:...

, ERRFI1

ERRFI1

ERBB receptor feedback inhibitor 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ERRFI1 gene.-Interactions:ERRFI1 has been shown to interact with Stratifin and CDC42.-Further reading:...

, BNIPL

BNIPL

Bcl-2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa-interacting protein 2-like protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BNIPL gene.-Interactions:BNIPL has been shown to interact with Macrophage migration inhibitory factor, GFER, CDC42, BCL2-like 1 and Bcl-2....

, PAK1

PAK1

Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PAK1 gene.-Interactions:PAK1 has been shown to interact with C-Raf, NCK1, LIMK1, RAC1, ARHGEF2, BMX, ARPC1B, DYNLL1, Cyclin-dependent kinase 5, PAK1IP1 and CDC42....

, ARHGDIA

ARHGDIA

Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ARHGDIA gene.-Interactions:ARHGDIA has been shown to interact with RHOA, CDC42, RhoH, RAC1 and Rac2.-Further reading:...

, PAK2

PAK2

Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PAK2 gene.-Interactions:PAK2 has been shown to interact with SH3KBP1, CDC42 and Abl gene.-External links:* Info with links in the...

, WASL

WASL (gene)

Neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the WASL gene.The Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome family of proteins share similar domain structure, and are involved in transduction of signals from receptors on the cell surface to the actin cytoskeleton...

, GDI1

GDI1

Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GDI1 gene.Rab GTPases cycles between the cytosolic compartment, where it is bound to a protein called GDI , and the membrane, where it interacts with a receptor, a nucleotide exchange factor, a GAP and probably...

, CDC42EP2

CDC42EP2

Cdc42 effector protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CDC42EP2 gene.-Interactions:CDC42EP2 has been shown to interact with CDC42 and RHOQ.-Further reading:...

, BNIP2

BNIP2

BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BNIP2 gene.-Interactions:BNIP2 has been shown to interact with CDC42, ARHGAP1 and Bcl-2.-Further reading:...

, PARD6A

PARD6A

Partitioning defective 6 homolog alpha is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PARD6A gene.-Interactions:PARD6A has been shown to interact with CDC42, RAC1, ECT2 and Protein kinase Mζ.-Further reading:...

, IQGAP2

IQGAP2

Ras GTPase-activating-like protein IQGAP2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the IQGAP2 gene.-Interactions:IQGAP2 has been shown to interact with CDC42 and RAC1.-Further reading:...

, IQGAP1

IQGAP1

Ras GTPase-activating-like protein IQGAP1 also known as p195 is a ubiquitously expressed protein that in humans is encoded by the IQGAP1 gene...

, ITSN1

ITSN1

Intersectin-1 is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the ITSN1 gene.-Interactions:ITSN1 has been shown to interact with SNAP-25, SOS1, SCAMP1 and CDC42.-Further reading:...

, TRIP10

TRIP10

Cdc42-interacting protein 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TRIP10 gene.-Interactions:TRIP10 has been shown to interact with STAT3, Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein, Huntingtin, CDC42, AKAP9 and RHOQ.-Further reading:...

, MAP3K11

MAP3K11

Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 11 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAP3K11 gene.-Interactions:MAP3K11 has been shown to interact with MAPK8IP1, CDC42, SH3RF1, MAPK8IP2 and AKT1.-Further reading:...

, MAP3K10

MAP3K10

Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 10 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAP3K10 gene.-Interactions:MAP3K10 has been shown to interact with NEUROD1, Huntingtin, MAPK8IP1, KIF3A, CDC42 and MAPK8IP2.-Further reading:...

, BAIAP2

BAIAP2

Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1-associated protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BAIAP2 gene.-Interactions:BAIAP2 has been shown to interact with WASF1, EPS8, SHANK1, RAC1, WASF2, ATN1 and CDC42.-Further reading:...

, Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein

The Wiskott–Aldrich Syndrome Protein is a 502-amino acid protein that is expressed in cells of the hematopoietic system. In the inactive state, WASp exists in an auto-inhibited conformation with sequences near its C-terminus binding to a region near its N-terminus...

, RICS

RICS (gene)

Rho GTPase-activating protein 32 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RICS gene. RICS has two known isoforms, RICS that are expressed primarily at neurite growth cones, and at the post synaptic membranes, and PX-RICS which is more widely expressed in the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi...

 and PAK4

PAK4

Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PAK4 gene.-Interactions:PAK4 has been shown to interact with CDC42, Integrin, beta 5 and LIMK1.-External links:* Info with links in the...

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External links

• CDC42 Info with links in the Cell Migration Gateway