CEP170
Encyclopedia
Centrosomal protein 170kDa, also known as CEP170, is a protein
that in humans is encoded by the CEP170 gene
.
, a non-membraneous organelle that functions as the major microtubule
-organizing center in animal cells. During interphase
, the encoded protein localizes to the sub-distal appendages of mature centriole
s, which are microtubule-based structures thought to help organize centrosome
s. During mitosis
, the protein associates with spindle microtubules near the centrosomes. The protein interacts with the intraflagellar transport protein 81 (IFT81
), the SH3-domain containing protein PRAX-1, and is phosphorylated by cyclin dependent kinase 1 and polo-like kinase 1 , and functions in maintaining Microtubule
organization, cell morphology and cilium
stability.
The human genome contains a putative transcribed pseudogene. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been found, but the full-length nature of some of these variants has not been determined.
Protein
Proteins are biochemical compounds consisting of one or more polypeptides typically folded into a globular or fibrous form, facilitating a biological function. A polypeptide is a single linear polymer chain of amino acids bonded together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of...
that in humans is encoded by the CEP170 gene
Gene
A gene is a molecular unit of heredity of a living organism. It is a name given to some stretches of DNA and RNA that code for a type of protein or for an RNA chain that has a function in the organism. Living beings depend on genes, as they specify all proteins and functional RNA chains...
.
Function
The product of this gene is a component of the centrosomeCentrosome
In cell biology, the centrosome is an organelle that serves as the main microtubule organizing center of the animal cell as well as a regulator of cell-cycle progression. It was discovered by Edouard Van Beneden in 1883...
, a non-membraneous organelle that functions as the major microtubule
Microtubule
Microtubules are a component of the cytoskeleton. These rope-like polymers of tubulin can grow as long as 25 micrometers and are highly dynamic. The outer diameter of microtubule is about 25 nm. Microtubules are important for maintaining cell structure, providing platforms for intracellular...
-organizing center in animal cells. During interphase
Interphase
Interphase is the phase of the cell cycle in which the cell spends the majority of its time and performs the majority of its purposes including preparation for cell division. In preparation for cell division, it increases its size and makes a copy of its DNA...
, the encoded protein localizes to the sub-distal appendages of mature centriole
Centriole
A Centriole is a barrel-shaped cell structure found in most animal eukaryotic cells, though it is absent in higher plants and most fungi. The walls of each centriole are usually composed of nine triplets of microtubules...
s, which are microtubule-based structures thought to help organize centrosome
Centrosome
In cell biology, the centrosome is an organelle that serves as the main microtubule organizing center of the animal cell as well as a regulator of cell-cycle progression. It was discovered by Edouard Van Beneden in 1883...
s. During mitosis
Mitosis
Mitosis is the process by which a eukaryotic cell separates the chromosomes in its cell nucleus into two identical sets, in two separate nuclei. It is generally followed immediately by cytokinesis, which divides the nuclei, cytoplasm, organelles and cell membrane into two cells containing roughly...
, the protein associates with spindle microtubules near the centrosomes. The protein interacts with the intraflagellar transport protein 81 (IFT81
IFT81
Intraflagellar transport protein 81 homolog is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IFT81 gene. Together with IFT74/72 it forms a core complex to build IFT particles which are required for cilium formation. Additionally, it interacts with basal body components as CEP170 which regulates the...
), the SH3-domain containing protein PRAX-1, and is phosphorylated by cyclin dependent kinase 1 and polo-like kinase 1 , and functions in maintaining Microtubule
Microtubule
Microtubules are a component of the cytoskeleton. These rope-like polymers of tubulin can grow as long as 25 micrometers and are highly dynamic. The outer diameter of microtubule is about 25 nm. Microtubules are important for maintaining cell structure, providing platforms for intracellular...
organization, cell morphology and cilium
Cilium
A cilium is an organelle found in eukaryotic cells. Cilia are slender protuberances that project from the much larger cell body....
stability.
The human genome contains a putative transcribed pseudogene. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been found, but the full-length nature of some of these variants has not been determined.