Caaguazú Department
Encyclopedia
Caaguazú is a department
in Paraguay
. The capital is the city of Coronel Oviedo
.
The area that today is known as Caaguazú
, was threatened during the 16th and 17th centuries by the Portuguese
Bandeirantes and Guaicurú Indians, desolating the land for many years.
In the 18th century, Caaguazu began to be repopulated. In 1712, Gregorio Bazán de Pedraza founded the Villa de San Isidro Labrador de Curuguaty
, followed by Ybytimí
in 1715, San Joaquín
in 1746, and Carayaó
in 1770.
In 1906 the 5th department of the country was created with the name Yhú
, and included the city Yhú, as capital to the department, Ajos
, Carayaó
, San Joaquín and Caaguazú. But in 1945, with the territorial reorganization, it was given the name of Caaguazú.
In 1973, the territory, surface and limits of this department were finally well defined, the way they are known nowadays.
Is the hometown of several Paraguayan personalities, such as the writer Mario Halley Mora and the musician Cayo Sila Godoy
.
The name "Caaguazú" (Ka'aguazu in Guaraní) means "great herb".
It is located in the middle of the Oriental Region of the country, in the coordinates 24º30’ and 25º50’ of latitude South and between the meridians 55º00’ and 56º45’ of latitude West.
Its limits are:
*The new district of Tembiaporá is not added to the list and map yet, since it was created recently.
The Cordillera de Caaguazú goes through the department from north to south, the mountain range that conforms it is: San Joaquín, in San Joaquín and Yhú; Tajao Paú and Carayaó; and Caaguazú, between Carayaó
and Coronel Oviedo
. Their high is no more than 200 meters, but to the east the land elevates and reaches the 250 meters.
To the west there are formations of fluvial and glacial origins that date from the Carboniferous period (Paleozoic era), with soils of sandstone. To the east, the soil is also of fluvial origin, lacustrine and marine, correspondent to the Permian period. In the mountain range, there are sandstones from the Triassic period, with content of quartz.
The soils are sandstone and basalt
, in addition to mountains and meadows.
The territory is composed by a succession of valleys and more elevated lands that go from north to south. In the north are the valleys with ample fields apt for cattle, to the east, the land has forests and natural herbal lands.
The land is exploit for agriculture.
, the Tebicuary-mi River and the streams Tapiracuai, Mbutuy, Hondo and Tobatiry. The Paraná River
and other rivers: Acaray, Monday-mi, Yguazú, Capiibary and Guyraungua.
The principal activity of the region is the forestal activity, which provides the raw material for the wood industry.
This is one of the areas that is most affected by deforestation
. Some plant species in danger of extinction are the yvyra paje, nandyta, cedar and tumera aureli; and animal species, the tirica, jaguareté, and arira’y.
producer. The population also dedicates to cattle and farming of other vegetables.
It is also the second producer of sugar cane and the fourth of maize
.
The most important industries are the cotton, oil and wood industry, and also the manufacturing of furniture.
Because it is located in a crossroad, it is an important commercial center.
The access routes to the department are “Mcal. Estigarribia” (number 2
) and “Dr. Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia” (number 7
). They cross the entire department, from west to east and communicate the country from Asunción to Ciudad del Este.
The route “Gral. Aquino” (number 3
) joins with route “Bernardino Caballero” (number 5
) and communicates with Concepción and Pedro Juan Caballero. The route “Dr. Blas Garay” (number 8
) joins with route number 2 in Cnel. Oviedo and communicates with Villarrica and Caazapá.
There are a few runways for small airplanes.
The department has phone service for more than 10,300 lines, radio stations, in AM: Radio Excélsior, Tajy, Coronel Oviedo, La Voz del Este; and in FM: Seguritec Ingeniería S. A., Horizonte, Centenario, Lo Mita, Mensajero, Radio Clásica, América, Alborada, among others. There are also television channels.
Caaguazú has 589 institutions of elementary education, 913 of basic school studies and 151 of high schools (according to the Paraguayan educational system).
Department (subnational entity)
Department is the name given to the administrative and political subdivisions of many countries.As a territorial unit, "department" was first used by the French Revolutionary governments, apparently to emphasize that each territory was simply an administrative sub-division of the united sovereign...
in Paraguay
Paraguay
Paraguay , officially the Republic of Paraguay , is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to the east and northeast, and Bolivia to the northwest. Paraguay lies on both banks of the Paraguay River, which runs through the center of the...
. The capital is the city of Coronel Oviedo
Coronel Oviedo
Coronel Oviedo is a city in Paraguay. It is the capital of the Caaguazú Department, about 150 kilometers east of Asunción.The city has a population of about 52,400 and is the hometown of president Nicanor Duarte Frutos. Coronel Oviedo is an important transit point, as it lies halfway between...
.
History
Caaguazú District
Caaguazú District is one of the 20 districts of Caaguazú Department, Paraguay. It contains the town of Caaguazú, which has a population of 63,000. Caaguazú had the greatest concentration of sawmills in Paraguay about fifteen to twenty years ago and up until today is still called the “Wood Capital”...
, was threatened during the 16th and 17th centuries by the Portuguese
Portuguese people
The Portuguese are a nation and ethnic group native to the country of Portugal, in the west of the Iberian peninsula of south-west Europe. Their language is Portuguese, and Roman Catholicism is the predominant religion....
Bandeirantes and Guaicurú Indians, desolating the land for many years.
In the 18th century, Caaguazu began to be repopulated. In 1712, Gregorio Bazán de Pedraza founded the Villa de San Isidro Labrador de Curuguaty
Curuguaty
Curuguaty is a city in the Canindeyú Department of Paraguay, that was the 4th capital of Paraguay during the War against the Triple Alliance.-Toponimy:...
, followed by Ybytimí
Ybytimí
Ybytimí is a village in the Paraguarí department of Paraguay.- Sources :* – World-Gazetteer.com...
in 1715, San Joaquín
San Joaquín District
San Joaquín District is one of thirty-three districts of the province Yauyos in Peru.-References:...
in 1746, and Carayaó
Carayaó
Carayaó is a town in the Caaguazú department of Paraguay.- Sources :* – World-Gazetteer.com...
in 1770.
In 1906 the 5th department of the country was created with the name Yhú
Yhú
Yhú is a district in the Caaguazú department of Paraguay.- Sources :* – World-Gazetteer.com...
, and included the city Yhú, as capital to the department, Ajos
Coronel Oviedo
Coronel Oviedo is a city in Paraguay. It is the capital of the Caaguazú Department, about 150 kilometers east of Asunción.The city has a population of about 52,400 and is the hometown of president Nicanor Duarte Frutos. Coronel Oviedo is an important transit point, as it lies halfway between...
, Carayaó
Carayaó
Carayaó is a town in the Caaguazú department of Paraguay.- Sources :* – World-Gazetteer.com...
, San Joaquín and Caaguazú. But in 1945, with the territorial reorganization, it was given the name of Caaguazú.
In 1973, the territory, surface and limits of this department were finally well defined, the way they are known nowadays.
Is the hometown of several Paraguayan personalities, such as the writer Mario Halley Mora and the musician Cayo Sila Godoy
Cayo Sila Godoy
-Childhood and Youth:Cayo Sila Godoy was born in Villarrica Paraguay on December 4, 1919. His mother and his uncles were talented musicians who exposed him at an early age to the piano, violin, mandolin, harp and tropical guitar...
.
The name "Caaguazú" (Ka'aguazu in Guaraní) means "great herb".
Limits
Its limits are:
- To the North, with San Pedro and CanindeyúCanindeyú DepartmentCanindeyú is a department in Paraguay. The capital is the city of Salto del Guairá.-Districts:The department is divided in 11 districts:# Corpus Christi# Curuguaty# General Francisco Caballero Alvarez # Itanará# Katueté# La Paloma...
- To the East, with Alto ParanáAlto Paraná DepartmentAlto Paraná is a department in Paraguay. The capital is Ciudad del Este .The Alto Paraná department has experienced tremendous economic and population growth in the past 50 years...
- To the West, with CordilleraCordillera Department-History:During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries this area of the country was going through a serious crisis due to population bellicosity of the Indians from Chaco. The villagers from Tobatí located north of the river Pirapo then called, had to migrate south for the continue attacks by...
and ParaguaríParaguarí DepartmentParaguarí is a departamento in Paraguay. At the 2002 census it had a population of 221,932. The capital is the city of Paraguarí.- History :... - To the South, with GuairáGuairá DepartmentGuairá is a department in Paraguay. The capital is the city of Villarrica.It covers a surface of , with a population of 178130 inhabitants .You can get there through the Road nª8 Blas Garay...
and CaazapáCaazapá DepartmentCaazapá is a department in Paraguay. The capital is the city of Caazapá. Among Paraguayans, the department is well known for its orange and mandarin trees, and for its forest hills...
Districts
The department is divided in 21 districts:| Districts | Population (2002) | Districts | Population (2002) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Caaguazú Caaguazú District Caaguazú District is one of the 20 districts of Caaguazú Department, Paraguay. It contains the town of Caaguazú, which has a population of 63,000. Caaguazú had the greatest concentration of sawmills in Paraguay about fifteen to twenty years ago and up until today is still called the “Wood Capital”... |
98.136 | 11 Raúl Arsenio Oviedo Raúl Arsenio Oviedo Raúl Arsenio Oviedo is a town in the Caaguazú department of Paraguay.- Sources :* – World-Gazetteer.com... |
27.734 |
| 2 Carayaó Carayaó Carayaó is a town in the Caaguazú department of Paraguay.- Sources :* – World-Gazetteer.com... |
13.234 | 12 Repatriación Repatriación Repatriación is a town in the Caaguazú department of Paraguay.- Sources :* – World-Gazetteer.com... |
29.503 |
| 3 Coronel Oviedo Coronel Oviedo Coronel Oviedo is a city in Paraguay. It is the capital of the Caaguazú Department, about 150 kilometers east of Asunción.The city has a population of about 52,400 and is the hometown of president Nicanor Duarte Frutos. Coronel Oviedo is an important transit point, as it lies halfway between... |
84.103 | 13 R. I. Tres Corrales | 7.666 |
| 4 Doctor Cecilio Báez Doctor Cecilio Báez Doctor Cecilio Báez is a town in the Caaguazú department of Paraguay.- Sources :* – World-Gazetteer.com... |
6.173 | 14 San Joaquín | 14.930 |
| 5 Doctor J. Eulogio Estigarribia | 24.634 | 15 San José de los Arroyos San José de los Arroyos San José de los Arroyos is a town in the Caaguazú Department of Paraguay. It is located 100 km to the east of Asuncion on a branch of the Pan-american highway, "Ruta #2". The county comprises an urban area of around 8,000 inhabitants and some twelve smaller satellite villages or dependencies... |
15.299 |
| 6 Doctor Juan Manuel Frutos Doctor Juan Manuel Frutos Doctor Juan Manuel Frutos is a town in the Caaguazú department of Paraguay.The town was formerly called "Pastoreo" and is still commonly known by this name.- Sources :* – World-Gazetteer.com... |
19.128 | 16 Santa Rosa del Mbutuy Mbutuy Santa Rosa del Mbutuy is a town and distrito in the Caaguazú department of Paraguay that is best described as the 'Cruce del Mbutuy' by residents of the Santa Rosa District, where it is located, because of the intersection of two major roads that the town is built around.Some of the town's early... |
10.989 |
| 7 José Domingo Ocampos | 9.198 | 17 Simón Bolívar | 4.938 |
| 8 La Pastora | 4.440 | 18 Tres de Febrero | 8.818 |
| 9 Mariscal Francisco Solano López | 7.330 | 19 Vaquería Vaquería Vaquería is a town in the Caaguazú department of Paraguay.- Sources :* – World-Gazetteer.com... |
10.257 |
| 10 Nueva Londres Nueva Londres Nueva Londres is a town in the Caaguazú department of Paraguay.-History:In 1893 two thousand men and women led by William Lane left Australia for Paraguay where they established a utopian socialist colony called "New Australia". The colony was not a success, but their descendants can be found just... |
4.110 | 20 Yhú Yhú Yhú is a district in the Caaguazú department of Paraguay.- Sources :* – World-Gazetteer.com... |
34.737 |
*The new district of Tembiaporá is not added to the list and map yet, since it was created recently.
Climate
The average climate is mild, with abundant rains. The temperature reaches 41 degrees Celsius in summer and drops to 0 degrees C in winter. It is one of the best areas for agriculture in the country.Orography and Soil
Carayaó
Carayaó is a town in the Caaguazú department of Paraguay.- Sources :* – World-Gazetteer.com...
and Coronel Oviedo
Coronel Oviedo
Coronel Oviedo is a city in Paraguay. It is the capital of the Caaguazú Department, about 150 kilometers east of Asunción.The city has a population of about 52,400 and is the hometown of president Nicanor Duarte Frutos. Coronel Oviedo is an important transit point, as it lies halfway between...
. Their high is no more than 200 meters, but to the east the land elevates and reaches the 250 meters.
To the west there are formations of fluvial and glacial origins that date from the Carboniferous period (Paleozoic era), with soils of sandstone. To the east, the soil is also of fluvial origin, lacustrine and marine, correspondent to the Permian period. In the mountain range, there are sandstones from the Triassic period, with content of quartz.
The soils are sandstone and basalt
Basalt
Basalt is a common extrusive volcanic rock. It is usually grey to black and fine-grained due to rapid cooling of lava at the surface of a planet. It may be porphyritic containing larger crystals in a fine matrix, or vesicular, or frothy scoria. Unweathered basalt is black or grey...
, in addition to mountains and meadows.
The territory is composed by a succession of valleys and more elevated lands that go from north to south. In the north are the valleys with ample fields apt for cattle, to the east, the land has forests and natural herbal lands.
The land is exploit for agriculture.
Hydrography
The most important bodies of water that cross the department are: the Paraguay RiverParaguay River
The Paraguay River is a major river in south central South America, running through Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, and Argentina...
, the Tebicuary-mi River and the streams Tapiracuai, Mbutuy, Hondo and Tobatiry. The Paraná River
Paraná River
The Paraná River is a river in south Central South America, running through Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina for some . It is second in length only to the Amazon River among South American rivers. The name Paraná is an abbreviation of the phrase "para rehe onáva", which comes from the Tupi language...
and other rivers: Acaray, Monday-mi, Yguazú, Capiibary and Guyraungua.
Natural Environment and Vegetation
The Caaguazú department includes the regions of the Central Forest, in the middle of the department, the Alto Paraná, in the east area, and the Central Littoral, in the west.The principal activity of the region is the forestal activity, which provides the raw material for the wood industry.
This is one of the areas that is most affected by deforestation
Deforestation
Deforestation is the removal of a forest or stand of trees where the land is thereafter converted to a nonforest use. Examples of deforestation include conversion of forestland to farms, ranches, or urban use....
. Some plant species in danger of extinction are the yvyra paje, nandyta, cedar and tumera aureli; and animal species, the tirica, jaguareté, and arira’y.
Economy
Caaguazú is the number one national producer of manioc and the second cottonCotton
Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective capsule, around the seeds of cotton plants of the genus Gossypium. The fiber is almost pure cellulose. The botanical purpose of cotton fiber is to aid in seed dispersal....
producer. The population also dedicates to cattle and farming of other vegetables.
It is also the second producer of sugar cane and the fourth of maize
Maize
Maize known in many English-speaking countries as corn or mielie/mealie, is a grain domesticated by indigenous peoples in Mesoamerica in prehistoric times. The leafy stalk produces ears which contain seeds called kernels. Though technically a grain, maize kernels are used in cooking as a vegetable...
.
The most important industries are the cotton, oil and wood industry, and also the manufacturing of furniture.
Because it is located in a crossroad, it is an important commercial center.
Communication and Services
Route 2 (Paraguay)
National Route 2 is one of the most important highways in Paraguay, which runs from Asunción to Caaguazu Department's capital, Coronel Oviedo. Crossing the departments of Central, Cordillera and Caaguazu...
) and “Dr. Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia” (number 7
Route 7 (Paraguay)
National Route 7 is an important highway of Paraguay. It links the departmental capitals of Caaguazú and Alto Paraná, Coronel Oviedo and Ciudad del Este, respectively. Crossing a total of 10 districts of both departments...
). They cross the entire department, from west to east and communicate the country from Asunción to Ciudad del Este.
The route “Gral. Aquino” (number 3
Route 3 (Paraguay)
National Route 3 is a highway in Paraguay, which runs from Asunción to one of the northern cities in the Oriental Region, Bella Vista. It crosses the Capital District and 5 departments...
) joins with route “Bernardino Caballero” (number 5
Route 5 (Paraguay)
National Route 5 is a highway in northern Paraguay, it runs from Pozo Colorado to Pedro Juan Caballero...
) and communicates with Concepción and Pedro Juan Caballero. The route “Dr. Blas Garay” (number 8
Route 8 (Paraguay)
National Route 8 is a highway in Paraguay, which runs from San Estanislao to Coronel Bogado. It mainly connects the north and the south regions of the Región Oriental of Paraguay...
) joins with route number 2 in Cnel. Oviedo and communicates with Villarrica and Caazapá.
There are a few runways for small airplanes.
The department has phone service for more than 10,300 lines, radio stations, in AM: Radio Excélsior, Tajy, Coronel Oviedo, La Voz del Este; and in FM: Seguritec Ingeniería S. A., Horizonte, Centenario, Lo Mita, Mensajero, Radio Clásica, América, Alborada, among others. There are also television channels.
Education