Calau
Encyclopedia
Calau is a small town in the Oberspreewald-Lausitz
district, in southern Brandenburg
, Germany
. It is situated 14 km south of Lübbenau
, and 27 km west of Cottbus
. Calau is also called the home of the Kalauer.
at the eastern edge of the Lower Lusatian Ridge Nature Park as well as at the southern edge of the famous Spreewald
.
The area around Calau is strongly characterized by former brown-coal-mining sites, which are valuable retreat areas for animals and plants nowadays. Many places are left to nature after recultivation, the Heinz-Sielmann-Stiftung
adopted numerous areas, others are managed near-natural and sustainably by the "Landesforstverwaltung".
Forester
s offer walking tours through the region. Particularly the "Geologische und Naturlehrpfad Luttchensberg" is a sight to see.
roots living in Calau today, although the Sorbs
were quite a large minority in 1843 with about 30.8 percent of the overall population. Following years the number of Sorbs
decreased rapidly, 1900 only 3.5 percent of the population were sorbs
.
(Stand: Kommunalwahl am 28. September 2008)
Calau, which belongs to the Deutsche Telekom
radiates a variety of VHF-and TV-programmes of the rbb
for Brandenburg
. Its radio mast is a reinforced concrete tower of 190 m height, the so-called "Langer Calauer", in the southwest of town. It was built in 1982.
Calau is situated at the railroad lines Cottbus
–Leipzig
and Lübbenau
–Senftenberg
.
Oberspreewald-Lausitz
Oberspreewald-Lausitz is a Kreis in the southern part of Brandenburg, Germany. Neighboring districts are Dahme-Spreewald, Spree-Neiße, the districts Kamenz and Riesa-Großenhain in Saxony, and the district Elbe-Elster....
district, in southern Brandenburg
Brandenburg
Brandenburg is one of the sixteen federal-states of Germany. It lies in the east of the country and is one of the new federal states that were re-created in 1990 upon the reunification of the former West Germany and East Germany. The capital is Potsdam...
, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
. It is situated 14 km south of Lübbenau
Lübbenau
Lübbenau is a town of 17,897 in the Oberspreewald-Lausitz district of Brandenburg, Germany. It is located in the Spreewald about 82 km southeast of Berlin.-History:...
, and 27 km west of Cottbus
Cottbus
Cottbus is a city in Brandenburg, Germany, situated around southeast of Berlin, on the River Spree. As of , its population was .- History :...
. Calau is also called the home of the Kalauer.
Geography
The Town of Calau is situated in the middle of the Niederlausitz, about 27 km west of CottbusCottbus
Cottbus is a city in Brandenburg, Germany, situated around southeast of Berlin, on the River Spree. As of , its population was .- History :...
at the eastern edge of the Lower Lusatian Ridge Nature Park as well as at the southern edge of the famous Spreewald
Spreewald
The Spreewald is situated about 100 km south-east of Berlin. It was designated a biosphere reserve by UNESCO in 1991. It is known for its traditional irrigation system which consists of more than 200 small channels within the area. The landscape was shaped during the ice-age...
.
The area around Calau is strongly characterized by former brown-coal-mining sites, which are valuable retreat areas for animals and plants nowadays. Many places are left to nature after recultivation, the Heinz-Sielmann-Stiftung
Heinz Sielmann
Heinz Sielmann was a world renowned wildlife photographer, zoologist and documentary filmmaker....
adopted numerous areas, others are managed near-natural and sustainably by the "Landesforstverwaltung".
Forester
Forester
250px|thumb|right|Foresters of [[Southern University of Chile|UACh]] in the [[Valdivian forest]]s of San Pablo de Tregua, ChileA forester is a person who practices forestry, the science, art, and profession of managing forests. Foresters engage in a broad range of activities including timber...
s offer walking tours through the region. Particularly the "Geologische und Naturlehrpfad Luttchensberg" is a sight to see.
Town Subdivisions
- Stadt Calau
- Ortsteil Bolschwitz
- Ortsteil Buckow
- Ortsteil Craupe with Radensdorf and Schrakau
- Ortsteil Gollmitz with Settinchen
- Ortsteil Groß Jehser with Erpitz and Mallenchen
- Ortsteil Groß-Mehßow with Klein Mehßow
- Ortsteil Kemmen with Säritz und Schadewitz
- Ortsteil Mlode with Rochusthal
- Ortsteil Saßleben with Kalkwitz and Reuden
- Ortsteil Werchow with Cabel (Village) and Plieskendorf
- Ortsteil Zinnitz with Bathow (Village)
- Zinnitz has about 300 residents. It was first mentioned in 1255 as Cinnicz. The Name means Ort wo Rohr/Schilf wächst (Place where cane/reed is growing). Known citizen of Zinnitz is Dietrich III. von Bocksdorf, bishop of NaumburgNaumburgNaumburg is a town in Germany, on the Saale River. It is in the district Burgenlandkreis in the Bundesland of Saxony-Anhalt. It is approximately southwest of Leipzig, south-southwest of Halle, and north-northeast of Jena....
from 1463 to 1466.
- Zinnitz has about 300 residents. It was first mentioned in 1255 as Cinnicz. The Name means Ort wo Rohr/Schilf wächst (Place where cane/reed is growing). Known citizen of Zinnitz is Dietrich III. von Bocksdorf, bishop of Naumburg
Population
There are only a few people with sorbianSorbian
Sorbian may refer to more than one article:* Sorbs, a Slavic people in modern day Germany* Sorbian languages, a group of closely related West Slavic languages-See also:...
roots living in Calau today, although the Sorbs
Sorbs
Sorbs are a Western Slavic people of Central Europe living predominantly in Lusatia, a region on the territory of Germany and Poland. In Germany they live in the states of Brandenburg and Saxony. They speak the Sorbian languages - closely related to Polish and Czech - officially recognized and...
were quite a large minority in 1843 with about 30.8 percent of the overall population. Following years the number of Sorbs
Sorbs
Sorbs are a Western Slavic people of Central Europe living predominantly in Lusatia, a region on the territory of Germany and Poland. In Germany they live in the states of Brandenburg and Saxony. They speak the Sorbian languages - closely related to Polish and Czech - officially recognized and...
decreased rapidly, 1900 only 3.5 percent of the population were sorbs
Sorbs
Sorbs are a Western Slavic people of Central Europe living predominantly in Lusatia, a region on the territory of Germany and Poland. In Germany they live in the states of Brandenburg and Saxony. They speak the Sorbian languages - closely related to Polish and Czech - officially recognized and...
.
Municipal Assembly
The municipal assembly (Stadtverordnetenversammlung) consists of 18 "Stadtverordneten" plus the "Buergermeister" (town mayor).- The LeftThe Left (Germany)The Left , also commonly referred to as the Left Party , is a democratic socialist political party in Germany. The Left is the most left-wing party of the five represented in the Bundestag....
: 6 seats - Christian Democratic UnionChristian Democratic Union (Germany)The Christian Democratic Union of Germany is a Christian democratic and conservative political party in Germany. It is regarded as on the centre-right of the German political spectrum...
: 4 seats - Social Democratic Party of GermanySocial Democratic Party of GermanyThe Social Democratic Party of Germany is a social-democratic political party in Germany...
: 3 seats - Free Voters: 2 seats
- Alliance '90/The GreensAlliance '90/The GreensAlliance '90/The Greens is a green political party in Germany, formed from the merger of the German Green Party and Alliance 90 in 1993. Its leaders are Claudia Roth and Cem Özdemir...
: 1 seats - Free Democratic PartyFree Democratic Party (Germany)The Free Democratic Party , abbreviated to FDP, is a centre-right classical liberal political party in Germany. It is led by Philipp Rösler and currently serves as the junior coalition partner to the Union in the German federal government...
: 1 seat - German Social UnionGerman Social Union (East Germany)The German Social Union is a small right-wing conservative political party active in the eastern German states since 1990. It was started as a conservative opposition group during the "Wende" in the German Democratic Republic...
: 1 seat
(Stand: Kommunalwahl am 28. September 2008)
Historical Sites
- Memorial at the Karl-Marx-Straße/Ecke Parkstraße, 1928 initially dedicated to the first ReichspräsidentReichspräsidentThe Reichspräsident was the German head of state under the Weimar constitution, which was officially in force from 1919 to 1945. In English he was usually simply referred to as the President of Germany...
Friedrich EbertFriedrich EbertFriedrich Ebert was a German politician of the Social Democratic Party of Germany .When Ebert was elected as the leader of the SPD after the death of August Bebel, the party members of the SPD were deeply divided because of the party's support for World War I. Ebert supported the Burgfrieden and...
, destroyed by the Nazis in 1933, to be dedicated to the victims of National socialism in 1948, rededicated again in 1989 to the victims of FascismFascismFascism is a radical authoritarian nationalist political ideology. Fascists seek to rejuvenate their nation based on commitment to the national community as an organic entity, in which individuals are bound together in national identity by suprapersonal connections of ancestry, culture, and blood...
and StalinismStalinismStalinism refers to the ideology that Joseph Stalin conceived and implemented in the Soviet Union, and is generally considered a branch of Marxist–Leninist ideology but considered by some historians to be a significant deviation from this philosophy... - Memorial for actor Joachim GottschalkJoachim GottschalkJoachim Gottschalk was a European movie star during the 1930s, a romantic lead in the style of Leslie Howard...
, whose jewish wife Meta and son Michael were to be deported whereupon the whole family decided to commit suicideSuicideSuicide is the act of intentionally causing one's own death. Suicide is often committed out of despair or attributed to some underlying mental disorder, such as depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, alcoholism, or drug abuse...
on November 6, 1941. The bronce figure, which was created by Theo Balden in 1967, resembling the actor, was initially standing in the park but had to be moved due to the building of the local Sparkasse in the 1990s. It's new place is a memorial wall in the Joachim-Gottschalk-Straße 35.
Economy & Infrastructure
The transmitter stationTransmitter station
Transmitter station refers to terrestrial infrastructure for transmitting radio frequency signals. The station maybe used for, wireless communication, broadcasting, microwave link, mobile telephone etc.-Choice of location:...
Calau, which belongs to the Deutsche Telekom
Deutsche Telekom
Deutsche Telekom AG is a telecommunications company headquartered in Bonn, Germany. It is the largest telecommunications company in Europe....
radiates a variety of VHF-and TV-programmes of the rbb
Rundfunk Berlin-Brandenburg
Rundfunk Berlin-Brandenburg is an institution under public law for the states of Berlin and Brandenburg, situated in Berlin and Potsdam...
for Brandenburg
Brandenburg
Brandenburg is one of the sixteen federal-states of Germany. It lies in the east of the country and is one of the new federal states that were re-created in 1990 upon the reunification of the former West Germany and East Germany. The capital is Potsdam...
. Its radio mast is a reinforced concrete tower of 190 m height, the so-called "Langer Calauer", in the southwest of town. It was built in 1982.
Traffic
There are no "Bundesstrassen" going through Calau, the motorway junction Calau is seven km to the northwest at the A 13.Calau is situated at the railroad lines Cottbus
Cottbus
Cottbus is a city in Brandenburg, Germany, situated around southeast of Berlin, on the River Spree. As of , its population was .- History :...
–Leipzig
Leipzig
Leipzig Leipzig has always been a trade city, situated during the time of the Holy Roman Empire at the intersection of the Via Regia and Via Imperii, two important trade routes. At one time, Leipzig was one of the major European centres of learning and culture in fields such as music and publishing...
and Lübbenau
Lübbenau
Lübbenau is a town of 17,897 in the Oberspreewald-Lausitz district of Brandenburg, Germany. It is located in the Spreewald about 82 km southeast of Berlin.-History:...
–Senftenberg
Senftenberg
Senftenberg is a town in southern Brandenburg, Germany, capital of the Oberspreewald-Lausitz district.-Geography:Senftenberg is located in the southwest of the historic Lower Lusatia region at the border with Saxony...
.
Schools
- Primary school Calau, named Carl-AnwandterCarlos AnwandterCarlos Anwandter was a German political exile that emigrated to Valdivia, Chile in 1850 after participating in the Revolutions of 1848...
-Grundschule since 2008 - Comprehensive school, named Robert-Schlesier-Schule since 2007
- Academic high school, named Carlos AnwandterCarlos AnwandterCarlos Anwandter was a German political exile that emigrated to Valdivia, Chile in 1850 after participating in the Revolutions of 1848...
|Carl-Anwandter-Gymnasium Calau (closed since 2008)
Personalities
- Dietrich von Bocksdorf (* um 1410 in Zinnitz, † 1466 in NaumburgNaumburgNaumburg is a town in Germany, on the Saale River. It is in the district Burgenlandkreis in the Bundesland of Saxony-Anhalt. It is approximately southwest of Leipzig, south-southwest of Halle, and north-northeast of Jena....
), bishop of NaumburgNaumburgNaumburg is a town in Germany, on the Saale River. It is in the district Burgenlandkreis in the Bundesland of Saxony-Anhalt. It is approximately southwest of Leipzig, south-southwest of Halle, and north-northeast of Jena.... - Erasmus Robert Freiherr von Patow (* September 10, 1804 in Mallenchen, † January 5, 1890 in BerlinBerlinBerlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...
), prussian politician - Joachim GottschalkJoachim GottschalkJoachim Gottschalk was a European movie star during the 1930s, a romantic lead in the style of Leslie Howard...
(1904–1941), Actor - Jean Pierre Vité (* June 11, 1923 in Groß Jehser), forestryForestryForestry is the interdisciplinary profession embracing the science, art, and craft of creating, managing, using, and conserving forests and associated resources in a sustainable manner to meet desired goals, needs, and values for human benefit. Forestry is practiced in plantations and natural stands...
scientist - Carl AnwandterCarlos AnwandterCarlos Anwandter was a German political exile that emigrated to Valdivia, Chile in 1850 after participating in the Revolutions of 1848...
(April 1, 1801, † July 10, 1889), stands out as leader of the first contingent of GermanGermansThe Germans are a Germanic ethnic group native to Central Europe. The English term Germans has referred to the German-speaking population of the Holy Roman Empire since the Late Middle Ages....
colonists sent by PhilippiBernhard Eunom PhilippiBerhard Eunom Philippi was a German naturalist, explorer and colonization agent for Chile.-Biography:His father was John Wilhelm Eberhard Philippi and his mother Mary Anne Krumwiede. In 1818 the family moved to Switzerland, where Rodolph and his brother Bernard entered the school of Johann...
; Anwandter is also founder of the german school ValdiviaValdivia-Geography:*Chile** Valdivia, Chile, a city and municipality in the Province of Valdivia** Valdivia River, a river which begins in the city of Valdivia** Valdivia Province, the Province of Valdivia...
(Chile)