Calpiogna
Encyclopedia
Calpiogna is a municipality
in the district of Leventina
in the canton
of Ticino
in Switzerland
.
of Fichengo, one of three Degagne that makes up the Vicinanza (cooperative village) of Faido. Faido included; Calpiogna, Primadengo, Campello, Fontanedo (abandoned in the 18th century), Chinchengo and a part of the village of Faidos as well as several alpine pastures in Graubünden
. In the Middle Ages
the village belonged to the parish
of Mairengo. However, since 1670 it has formed a separate parish, which until 1837 included Campello. The Chapel of S. Eutichio was first mentioned in 1577. It was rebuilt in 1665 and consecrated to St. Athanasius. The chapel of St. Anthony of Padua in Primadengo dates back to 1651. The village lived on farming and grazing, while periodic and seasonal emigration secured additional income. In the 19th Century many residents of the village began to emigrate to France, England and the United States. Emigration increased in the 20th Century. Since the 1950s the mountain pastures of former Prodo (with Carì) draw numerous winter and summer visitors.
Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 2.7% and transportation infrastructure made up 1.8%. Out of the forested land, 48.2% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.8% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 3.9% is used for growing crops and 2.7% is used for alpine pastures. Of the water in the municipality, 0.6% is in lakes and 0.6% is in rivers and streams. Of the unproductive areas, 15.8% is unproductive vegetation and 6.4% is too rocky for vegetation.
The municipality is located in the Leventina district, on a terrace at an elevation of 1149 m (3,769.7 ft) on the left side of the mid-Leventina valley. It consists of the village of Calpiogna and the hamlet
of Primadengo, which is at an elevation of 975 m (3,198.8 ft). The municipality of Campello
was part of Calpiogna until 1853.
of the municipal coat of arms
is Per fess Argent and Vert in the first three fir trees issuant of the second.
Most of the population speaks Italian
(85.0%), with German
being second most common (15.0%). Of the Swiss national languages , 6 speak German
, 34 people speak Italian
.
, the gender distribution of the population was 46.8% male and 53.2% female. The population was made up of 19 Swiss men (40.4% of the population), and 3 (6.4%) non-Swiss men. There were 22 Swiss women (46.8%), and 3 (6.4%) non-Swiss women.
In there was 1 live birth to Swiss citizens and 1 death of a Swiss citizen. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens and the foreign population remained the same. There was 1 non-Swiss woman who immigrated from another country to Switzerland. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources) was an increase of 5 and the non-Swiss population change was an increase of 1 people. This represents a population growth rate of 16.2%.
The age distribution, , in Calpiogna is; 3 children or 6.4% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 3 teenagers or 6.4% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 7 people or 14.9% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 5 people or 10.6% are between 30 and 39, 6 people or 12.8% are between 40 and 49, and 11 people or 23.4% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 5 people or 10.6% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 3 people or 6.4% are between 70 and 79, there are 4 people or 8.5% who are over 80.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.41 which is less people per room than the cantonal average of 0.6 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 77.8% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 18 private households in the municipality, and an average of 1.9 persons per household. there were 103 single family homes (or 87.3% of the total) out of a total of 118 inhabited buildings. There were 10 two family buildings (8.5%) and 1 multi-family buildings (0.8%). There were also 4 buildings in the municipality that were multipurpose buildings (used for both housing and commercial or another purpose).
The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 0%. there were 130 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was the 5 room apartment of which there were 46. There were 5 single room apartments and 46 apartments with five or more rooms. Of these apartments, a total of 18 apartments (13.8% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 112 apartments (86.2%) were seasonally occupied and 0 apartments were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 0 new units per 1000 residents.
The historical population is given in the following table:
the most popular party was the CVP
which received 42.5% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SVP
(20.63%), the FDP
(16.25%) and the Ticino League
(14.38%). In the federal election, a total of 22 votes were cast, and the voter turnout
was 48.9%.
In the Gran Consiglio election, there were a total of 125 registered voters in Calpiogna, of which 25 or 20.0% voted. The most popular party was the PPD
+GenGiova which received 15 or 60.0% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the SSI (with 6 or 24.0%), the PLRT
(with 2 or 8.0%) and the PS
(with 1 or 4.0%).
In the Consiglio di Stato election, 1 null ballot was cast, leaving 24 valid ballots in the election. The most popular party was the PPD which received 15 or 62.5% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the SSI (with 5 or 20.8%), the PLRT (with 2 or 8.3%) and the LEGA (with 1 or 4.2%).
, there were no workers who commuted into the municipality and 12 workers who commuted away. The municipality is an exporter of workers. Of the working population, 15% used public transportation to get to work, and 50% used a private car.
. There are 1 individuals (or about 2.50% of the population) who belong to another church (not listed on the census), and
).
In Calpiogna there were a total of 4 students . The Ticino education system
provides up to three years of non-mandatory kindergarten
and in Calpiogna there were children in kindergarten. The primary school program lasts for five years and includes both a standard school and a special school. In the municipality, 3 students attended the standard primary schools. In the lower secondary school system, students either attend a two year middle school followed by a two year pre-apprenticeship or they attend a four year program to prepare for higher education. There were 1 student in the two year middle school and 0 in their pre-apprenticeship, and 0 students in the four year advanced program.
The upper secondary school includes several options, but at the end of the upper secondary program, a student will be prepared to enter a trade or to continue on to a university or college. In Ticino, vocational students may either attend school while working on their internship or apprenticeship (which takes three or four years) or may attend school followed by an internship or apprenticeship (which takes one year as a full-time student or one and a half to two years as a part-time student).
There were 0 vocational students who were attending school full-time and 0 who attend part-time.
, there were 5 students who lived in Calpiogna who attended schools outside the municipality.
Municipalities of Switzerland
Communes , also known as municipalities, are the smallest government division in Switzerland, numbering 2,596 . While many have a population of a few hundred citizens, the largest cities such as Zürich or Geneva also have the legal status of municipalities...
in the district of Leventina
Leventina (district)
The district of Leventina is one of the eight districts of the largely Italian-speaking canton of Ticino in Switzerland. The capital of the district is Faido but the largest town is Airolo at the beginning or at the end of the valley....
in the canton
Cantons of Switzerland
The 26 cantons of Switzerland are the member states of the federal state of Switzerland. Each canton was a fully sovereign state with its own borders, army and currency from the Treaty of Westphalia until the establishment of the Swiss federal state in 1848...
of Ticino
Ticino
Canton Ticino or Ticino is the southernmost canton of Switzerland. Named after the Ticino river, it is the only canton in which Italian is the sole official language...
in Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
.
History
Calpiogna is first mentioned in 1246 as Calpiognia. The village was the seat of the still existing DegagnaDegagna
A Degagna is a public statutory corporation of territorial division in Switzerland. It is characteristic of the Leventina valley in the Canton of Ticino. It is a smaller division of a Vicinanza and is currently treated as the same as a patriziato under Swiss law. It began as church-territorial...
of Fichengo, one of three Degagne that makes up the Vicinanza (cooperative village) of Faido. Faido included; Calpiogna, Primadengo, Campello, Fontanedo (abandoned in the 18th century), Chinchengo and a part of the village of Faidos as well as several alpine pastures in Graubünden
Graubünden
Graubünden or Grisons is the largest and easternmost canton of Switzerland. The canton shares borders with the cantons of Ticino, Uri, Glarus and St. Gallen and international borders with Italy, Austria and Liechtenstein...
. In the Middle Ages
Middle Ages
The Middle Ages is a periodization of European history from the 5th century to the 15th century. The Middle Ages follows the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 and precedes the Early Modern Era. It is the middle period of a three-period division of Western history: Classic, Medieval and Modern...
the village belonged to the parish
Parish
A parish is a territorial unit historically under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of one parish priest, who might be assisted in his pastoral duties by a curate or curates - also priests but not the parish priest - from a more or less central parish church with its associated organization...
of Mairengo. However, since 1670 it has formed a separate parish, which until 1837 included Campello. The Chapel of S. Eutichio was first mentioned in 1577. It was rebuilt in 1665 and consecrated to St. Athanasius. The chapel of St. Anthony of Padua in Primadengo dates back to 1651. The village lived on farming and grazing, while periodic and seasonal emigration secured additional income. In the 19th Century many residents of the village began to emigrate to France, England and the United States. Emigration increased in the 20th Century. Since the 1950s the mountain pastures of former Prodo (with Carì) draw numerous winter and summer visitors.
Geography
Calpiogna has an area, , of 3.3 square kilometres (1.3 sq mi). Of this area, 0.22 km² (0.0849424748903577 sq mi) or 6.7% is used for agricultural purposes, while 1.7 km² (0.65637366960731 sq mi) or 51.5% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.16 km² (0.0617763453748056 sq mi) or 4.8% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.04 km² (9.9 acre) or 1.2% is either rivers or lakes and 0.73 km² (0.281854575772551 sq mi) or 22.1% is unproductive land.Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 2.7% and transportation infrastructure made up 1.8%. Out of the forested land, 48.2% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.8% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 3.9% is used for growing crops and 2.7% is used for alpine pastures. Of the water in the municipality, 0.6% is in lakes and 0.6% is in rivers and streams. Of the unproductive areas, 15.8% is unproductive vegetation and 6.4% is too rocky for vegetation.
The municipality is located in the Leventina district, on a terrace at an elevation of 1149 m (3,769.7 ft) on the left side of the mid-Leventina valley. It consists of the village of Calpiogna and the hamlet
Hamlet (place)
A hamlet is usually a rural settlement which is too small to be considered a village, though sometimes the word is used for a different sort of community. Historically, when a hamlet became large enough to justify building a church, it was then classified as a village...
of Primadengo, which is at an elevation of 975 m (3,198.8 ft). The municipality of Campello
Campello, Switzerland
Campello is a municipality in the district of Leventina in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.-History:Campello is first mentioned in 1400. According to the only partially confirmed tradition, the village emerged from the settlement of Fontanedo, which was completely abandoned by the mid-18th...
was part of Calpiogna until 1853.
Coat of arms
The blazonBlazon
In heraldry and heraldic vexillology, a blazon is a formal description of a coat of arms, flag or similar emblem, from which the reader can reconstruct the appropriate image...
of the municipal coat of arms
Coat of arms
A coat of arms is a unique heraldic design on a shield or escutcheon or on a surcoat or tabard used to cover and protect armour and to identify the wearer. Thus the term is often stated as "coat-armour", because it was anciently displayed on the front of a coat of cloth...
is Per fess Argent and Vert in the first three fir trees issuant of the second.
Demographics
Calpiogna has a population of . , 9.3% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1997–2007) the population has changed at a rate of -24.5%.Most of the population speaks Italian
Italian language
Italian is a Romance language spoken mainly in Europe: Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City, by minorities in Malta, Monaco, Croatia, Slovenia, France, Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, and by immigrant communities in the Americas and Australia...
(85.0%), with German
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
being second most common (15.0%). Of the Swiss national languages , 6 speak German
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
, 34 people speak Italian
Italian language
Italian is a Romance language spoken mainly in Europe: Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City, by minorities in Malta, Monaco, Croatia, Slovenia, France, Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, and by immigrant communities in the Americas and Australia...
.
, the gender distribution of the population was 46.8% male and 53.2% female. The population was made up of 19 Swiss men (40.4% of the population), and 3 (6.4%) non-Swiss men. There were 22 Swiss women (46.8%), and 3 (6.4%) non-Swiss women.
In there was 1 live birth to Swiss citizens and 1 death of a Swiss citizen. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens and the foreign population remained the same. There was 1 non-Swiss woman who immigrated from another country to Switzerland. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources) was an increase of 5 and the non-Swiss population change was an increase of 1 people. This represents a population growth rate of 16.2%.
The age distribution, , in Calpiogna is; 3 children or 6.4% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 3 teenagers or 6.4% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 7 people or 14.9% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 5 people or 10.6% are between 30 and 39, 6 people or 12.8% are between 40 and 49, and 11 people or 23.4% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 5 people or 10.6% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 3 people or 6.4% are between 70 and 79, there are 4 people or 8.5% who are over 80.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.41 which is less people per room than the cantonal average of 0.6 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 77.8% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
Mortgage loan
A mortgage loan is a loan secured by real property through the use of a mortgage note which evidences the existence of the loan and the encumbrance of that realty through the granting of a mortgage which secures the loan...
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 18 private households in the municipality, and an average of 1.9 persons per household. there were 103 single family homes (or 87.3% of the total) out of a total of 118 inhabited buildings. There were 10 two family buildings (8.5%) and 1 multi-family buildings (0.8%). There were also 4 buildings in the municipality that were multipurpose buildings (used for both housing and commercial or another purpose).
The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 0%. there were 130 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was the 5 room apartment of which there were 46. There were 5 single room apartments and 46 apartments with five or more rooms. Of these apartments, a total of 18 apartments (13.8% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 112 apartments (86.2%) were seasonally occupied and 0 apartments were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 0 new units per 1000 residents.
The historical population is given in the following table:
| year | population |
|---|---|
| 1567 | 37 Hearths |
| 1639 | 93 |
| 1745 | 211 |
| 1850 | 354 |
| 1860 | 181 |
| 1900 | 147 |
| 1950 | 99 |
| 1980 | 86 |
| 1990 | 73 |
| 2000 | 40 |
Sights
The entire villages of Calpiogna and Primadengo were designated as part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage SitesInventory of Swiss Heritage Sites
The Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites is part of a 1981 Ordinance of the Swiss Federal Council implementing the Federal Law on the Protection of Nature and Cultural Heritage.-Sites of national importance:-Types:...
Politics
In the 2007 federal electionSwiss federal election, 2007
Elections to the Swiss Federal Assembly, the federal parliament of Switzerland, were held on Sunday, 21 October 2007. In a few cantons, a second round of the elections to the Council of States was held on 11 November, 18 November, and 25 November 2007...
the most popular party was the CVP
Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland
The Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland is a Christian democratic political party in Switzerland. It is the fourth-largest party in the National Council, with 31 seats, and the largest in the Council of States, with 15 seats. It has one seat, that of Doris Leuthard, on the Swiss...
which received 42.5% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SVP
Swiss People's Party
The Swiss People's Party , also known as the Democratic Union of the Centre , is a conservative political party in Switzerland. Chaired by Toni Brunner, but spearheaded by Christoph Blocher, the party is the largest party in the Federal Assembly, with 58 members of the National Council and 6 of...
(20.63%), the FDP
FDP.The Liberals
FDP.The Liberals is a classical liberal political party in Switzerland. It is the joint-largest party in the Federal Council, third-largest party in the National Council, and second-largest in the Council of States....
(16.25%) and the Ticino League
Ticino League
The Ticino League is an isolationist, national conservative political party in Switzerland active in the canton of Ticino.In 1991, after some public campaigning in the Sunday journal Mattino della Domenica against political power and use of public money, the editor Giuliano Bignasca and the...
(14.38%). In the federal election, a total of 22 votes were cast, and the voter turnout
Voter turnout
Voter turnout is the percentage of eligible voters who cast a ballot in an election . After increasing for many decades, there has been a trend of decreasing voter turnout in most established democracies since the 1960s...
was 48.9%.
In the Gran Consiglio election, there were a total of 125 registered voters in Calpiogna, of which 25 or 20.0% voted. The most popular party was the PPD
Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland
The Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland is a Christian democratic political party in Switzerland. It is the fourth-largest party in the National Council, with 31 seats, and the largest in the Council of States, with 15 seats. It has one seat, that of Doris Leuthard, on the Swiss...
+GenGiova which received 15 or 60.0% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the SSI (with 6 or 24.0%), the PLRT
FDP.The Liberals
FDP.The Liberals is a classical liberal political party in Switzerland. It is the joint-largest party in the Federal Council, third-largest party in the National Council, and second-largest in the Council of States....
(with 2 or 8.0%) and the PS
Social Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Social Democratic Party of Switzerland is the largest centre-left political party in Switzerland....
(with 1 or 4.0%).
In the Consiglio di Stato election, 1 null ballot was cast, leaving 24 valid ballots in the election. The most popular party was the PPD which received 15 or 62.5% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the SSI (with 5 or 20.8%), the PLRT (with 2 or 8.3%) and the LEGA (with 1 or 4.2%).
Economy
, Calpiogna had an unemployment rate of 0.42%. , there were 6 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 3 businesses involved in this sector. people were employed in the secondary sector and there were businesses in this sector. 2 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 1 business in this sector. There were 20 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 20.0% of the workforce., there were no workers who commuted into the municipality and 12 workers who commuted away. The municipality is an exporter of workers. Of the working population, 15% used public transportation to get to work, and 50% used a private car.
Religion
From the , 34 or 85.0% were Roman Catholic, while 5 or 12.5% belonged to the Swiss Reformed ChurchSwiss Reformed Church
The Reformed branch of Protestantism in Switzerland was started in Zürich by Huldrych Zwingli and spread within a few years to Basel , Bern , St...
. There are 1 individuals (or about 2.50% of the population) who belong to another church (not listed on the census), and
Education
The entire Swiss population is generally well educated. In Calpiogna about 63.7% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either University or a FachhochschuleFachhochschule
A Fachhochschule or University of Applied Sciences is a German type of tertiary education institution, sometimes specialized in certain topical areas . Fachhochschulen were founded in Germany and later adopted by Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Greece...
).
In Calpiogna there were a total of 4 students . The Ticino education system
Education in Switzerland
The education system in Switzerland is very diverse, because the constitution of Switzerland delegates the authority for the school system mainly to the cantons...
provides up to three years of non-mandatory kindergarten
Kindergarten
A kindergarten is a preschool educational institution for children. The term was created by Friedrich Fröbel for the play and activity institute that he created in 1837 in Bad Blankenburg as a social experience for children for their transition from home to school...
and in Calpiogna there were children in kindergarten. The primary school program lasts for five years and includes both a standard school and a special school. In the municipality, 3 students attended the standard primary schools. In the lower secondary school system, students either attend a two year middle school followed by a two year pre-apprenticeship or they attend a four year program to prepare for higher education. There were 1 student in the two year middle school and 0 in their pre-apprenticeship, and 0 students in the four year advanced program.
The upper secondary school includes several options, but at the end of the upper secondary program, a student will be prepared to enter a trade or to continue on to a university or college. In Ticino, vocational students may either attend school while working on their internship or apprenticeship (which takes three or four years) or may attend school followed by an internship or apprenticeship (which takes one year as a full-time student or one and a half to two years as a part-time student).
There were 0 vocational students who were attending school full-time and 0 who attend part-time.
, there were 5 students who lived in Calpiogna who attended schools outside the municipality.