Cambarus is a large and diverse genus

Genus

In biology, a genus is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, which is an example of definition by genus and differentia...

 of North America

North America

North America is a continent wholly within the Northern Hemisphere and almost wholly within the Western Hemisphere. It is also considered a northern subcontinent of the Americas...

n crayfish

Crayfish

Crayfish, crawfish, or crawdads – members of the superfamilies Astacoidea and Parastacoidea – are freshwater crustaceans resembling small lobsters, to which they are related...

. The adults range in size from about 5 centimetres (2 in) up to approximately 15 cm (6 in).

Classification

The genus Cambarus contains around 100 species, divided among 12 subgenera

Subgenus

In biology, a subgenus is a taxonomic rank directly below genus.In zoology, a subgeneric name can be used independently or included in a species name, in parentheses, placed between the generic name and the specific epithet: e.g. the Tiger Cowry of the Indo-Pacific, Cypraea tigris Linnaeus, which...

, many of which are listed on the IUCN Red List

IUCN Red List

The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species , founded in 1963, is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of biological species. The International Union for Conservation of Nature is the world's main authority on the conservation status of species...

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Subgenus Aviticambarus Hobbs, 1969

• Cambarus hamulatus (Cope, 1881)
• Cambarus jonesi Hobbs & Barr, 1960 – Alabama cave crayfish
• Cambarus laconensis Buhay & Crandall, 2009 
• Cambarus pecki (Hobbs, 1967) 
• Cambarus speleocoopi Buhay & Crandall, 2009 
• Cambarus veitchorum J. E. Cooper & M. R. Cooper, 1997 – White Spring cave crayfish

Subgenus Cambarus Erichson, 1846

• Cambarus angularis Hobbs & R. W. Bouchard, 1994
• Cambarus bartonii
  Cambarus bartonii
  Cambarus bartonii is a species of crayfish native to eastern North America, where it is called the common crayfish or Appalachian brook crayfish....
  
  (Fabricius, 1798) – Appalachian brook crayfish
• Cambarus carinirostris Hay, 1914 – rock crawfish
• Cambarus davidi J. E. Cooper, 2000 – Carolina ladle crayfish
• Cambarus eeseeohensis Thoma, 2005
• Cambarus howardi Hobbs & Hall, 1969 – Chattahoochee crayfish
• Cambarus lenati J. E. Cooper, 2000 – Broad River crayfish
• Cambarus ortmanni Williamson, 1907 – Ortmann mudbug
• Cambarus sciotensis Rhoades, 1944 – Teays River crayfish

Subgenus Depressicambarus Hobbs, 1969

• Cambarus catagius Hobbs & Perkins, 1967 – Greensboro burrowing crayfish
• Cambarus cymatilis Hobbs, 1970
• Cambarus deweesae R. W. Bouchard & Etnier, 1979 – valley flame crayfish
• Cambarus doughertyensis Cooper & Skelton, 2003
• Cambarus englishi Hobbs & Hall, 1972
• Cambarus graysoni Faxon, 1914 – two-spot crayfish
• Cambarus halli Hobbs, 1968
• Cambarus harti Hobbs, 1981 – piedmont blue burrower
• Cambarus latimanus (Le Conte, 1856)
• Cambarus obstipus Hall, 1959
• Cambarus pyronotus R. W. Bouchard, 1978 – fireback crayfish
• Cambarus reduncus Hobbs, 1956
• Cambarus reflexus Hobbs, 1981
• Cambarus sphenoides Hobbs, 1968
• Cambarus striatus Hay, 1902 – Hay crayfish
• Cambarus strigosus Hobbs, 1981
• Cambarus truncatus Hobbs, 1981 – Oconee burrowing crayfish

Subgenus Erebicambarus Hobbs, 1969

• Cambarus hubbsi Creaser, 1931
• Cambarus hubrichti Hobbs, 1952 – Salem cave crayfish
• Cambarus maculatus Hobbs & Pflieger, 1988 – freckled crayfish
• Cambarus ornatus Rhoades, 1944
• Cambarus rusticiformis Rhoades, 1944 – Depression crayfish
• Cambarus tenebrosus Hay, 1902 – cavespring crayfish

Subgenus Exilicambarus Bouchard & Hobbs, 1976

• Cambarus cracens R. W. Bouchard & Hobbs, 1976

Subgenus Glareocola Bouchard & Bouchard, 1995

• Cambarus brachydactylus Hobbs, 1953
• Cambarus friaufi Hobbs, 1953 – hairy crayfish
• Cambarus williami R. W. Bouchard & J. W. Bouchard, 1995 – Brawleys Fork crayfish

Subgenus Hiaticambarus Hobbs, 1969

• Cambarus chasmodactylus James, 1966 – New River crayfish
• Cambarus coosawattae Hobbs, 1981 – Coosawattae crayfish
• Cambarus elkensis Jezerinac & Stocker, 1993 – Elk River crayfish
• Cambarus fasciatus Hobbs, 1981 – Etowah crayfish
• Cambarus girardianus Faxon, 1884
• Cambarus longirostris Faxon, 1885
• Cambarus longulus Girard, 1852
• Cambarus manningi Hobbs, 1981
• Cambarus speciosus Hobbs, 1981

Subgenus Jugicambarus Hobbs, 1969

• Cambarus aculabrum Hobbs & Brown, 1987 – Benton County cave crayfish, cave crayfish
• Cambarus asperimanus Faxon, 1914
• Cambarus batchi Schuster, 1973 – bluegrass crayfish
• Cambarus bouchardi Hobbs, 1970 – Big South Fork crayfish
• Cambarus carolinus (Erichson, 1846)
• Cambarus causeyi Reimer, 1966
• Cambarus clivosus Taylor, Soucek & Organ, 2006
• Cambarus conasaugaensis Hobbs & Hobbs III, 1962
• Cambarus crinipes R. W. Bouchard, 1973
• Cambarus cryptodytes Hobbs, 1941 – Dougherty Plain cave crayfish
• Cambarus distans Rhoades, 1944 – boxclaw crawfish
• Cambarus dubius Faxon, 1884 – upland burrowing crayfish
• Cambarus gentryi Hobbs, 1970
• Cambarus jezerinaci Thoma, 2000
• Cambarus monongalensis Ortmann, 1905
• Cambarus nodosus R. W. Bouchard & Hobbs, 1976
• Cambarus obeyensis Hobbs & Shoup, 1947 – Obey crayfish
• Cambarus parvoculus Hobbs & Shoup, 1947 – mountain midget crayfish
• Cambarus setosus Faxon, 1889 – bristly cave crayfish
• Cambarus subterraneus Hobbs III, 1993 – Delaware County cave crayfish
• Cambarus tartarus Hobbs & M. R. Cooper, 1972 – Oklahoma cave crayfish
• Cambarus tuckasegee Cooper & Schofield, 2002
• Cambarus unestami Hobbs & Hall, 1969
• Cambarus zophonastes
  Cambarus zophonastes
  Cambarus zophonastes is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is endemic to the state of Arkansas, and is listed as critically endangered on the IUCN Red List. The crayfish is nicknamed the Hell Creek crayfish. The cave crayfish Cambarus zophonastes is a cave-adapted species that lacks...
  
  Hobbs & Bedinger, 1964 – cave crayfish, Hell Creek cave crayfish

Subgenus Lacunicambarus Hobbs, 1969

• Cambarus diogenes
  Cambarus diogenes
  Cambarus diogenes is a crayfish that grows to be , not including the claws. It tends to live in wetlands and moist woodlands. They are most active in the summer and spring where they can be found near streams and floodplains near their mud chimney, where they live.-Range:C...
  
  Girard, 1852 – devil crawfish, devil crayfish
• Cambarus ludovicianus Faxon, 1884 – painted devil crayfish
• Cambarus miltus Fitzpatrick, 1978 – rusty grave digger

Subgenus Puncticambarus Hobbs, 1969

• Cambarus acuminatus Faxon, 1884
• Cambarus brimleyorum Cooper, 2006
• Cambarus buntingi R. W. Bouchard, 1973 – Bunting crayfish
• Cambarus chaugaensis Prins & Hobbs, 1972 – Chauga crayfish
• Cambarus coosae Hobbs, 1981
• Cambarus cumberlandensis Hobbs & R. W. Bouchard, 1973 – Cumberland crayfish
• Cambarus extraneus Hagen, 1870 – Chickamauga crayfish
• Cambarus georgiae Hobbs, 1981 – Little Tennessee crayfish
• Cambarus hiwasseensis Hobbs, 1981 – Hiwassee crayfish
• Cambarus hobbsorum J. E. Cooper, 2001 – Rocky River crayfish
• Cambarus hystricosus Cooper & Cooper, 2003
• Cambarus johni Cooper, 2006
• Cambarus nerterius
  Cambarus nerterius
  Cambarus nerterius is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is endemic to the state of West Virginia in the United States. It is found only in or immediately adjacent to caves in Greenbrier and Pocahontas counties, and is included on the IUCN Red List as a Near Threatened species....
  
  Hobbs, 1964 – Greenbrier cave crayfish
• Cambarus parrishi Hobbs, 1981 – Hiwassee headwater crayfish
• Cambarus reburrus Prins, 1968 – French Broad crayfish
• Cambarus robustus Girard, 1852 – big water crayfish
• Cambarus scotti Hobbs, 1981 – Chatooga crayfish
• Cambarus spicatus Hobbs, 1956
• Cambarus veteranus Faxon, 1914 – Big Sandy crayfish

Subgenus Tubericambarus Jezerinac, 1993

• Cambarus acanthura Hobbs, 1981
• Cambarus polychromatus Thoma, Jezerinac & Simon, 2005
• Cambarus thomai Jezerinac, 1993 – little brown mudbug

Subgenus Veticambarus Hobbs, 1969

• Cambarus pristinus Hobbs, 1965 – pristine crayfish