Cannabis Law Reform
Encyclopedia
Cannabis Law Reform is a United Kingdom
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...

 political party
Political party
A political party is a political organization that typically seeks to influence government policy, usually by nominating their own candidates and trying to seat them in political office. Parties participate in electoral campaigns, educational outreach or protest actions...

 which campaigns against cannabis
Cannabis
Cannabis is a genus of flowering plants that includes three putative species, Cannabis sativa, Cannabis indica, and Cannabis ruderalis. These three taxa are indigenous to Central Asia, and South Asia. Cannabis has long been used for fibre , for seed and seed oils, for medicinal purposes, and as a...

 prohibition

It was registered on 24 March 2011, and emerged from and replaced the Legalise Cannabis Alliance pressure group, which had operated as a political party until 2006

The change of name and the change from pressure group back to political party followed a vote by the membership, which also changed the logo and the constitution

The party leader is Peter Reynolds
Peter Reynolds (politician)
Peter Reynolds is a writer, communications advisor and leader of CLEAR, Cannabis Law Reform, a political party in the UK registered in 2011...

, and the party have announced that they will be fielding candidates in both local government and parliamentary elections

The party commissioned a report by the Independent Drug Monitoring Unit, published on 14 September 2011, stating that a taxed and regulated cannabis market would save the exchequer £6.7 billion

Aims and Objectives

CLEAR has five aims/objectives:

1. To end the prohibition of cannabis.

2. To promote as a matter of urgency and compassion the prescription of medicinal cannabis by doctors.

3. To introduce a system of regulation for the production and supply of cannabis based on facts and evidence.

4. To encourage the production and use of industrial hemp.

5. To educate and inform about the uses and benefits of cannabis.

Medicinal Cannabis

"CLEAR is firmly committed to an end to the prohibition of cannabis in general but the" 'spearhead' of their "campaign is medicinal use."

Press Complaints Commission

"CLEAR is pledged never to let misinformation, lies or propaganda about cannabis be published in the press without calling the publishers to account" CLEAR reinforces this by using the Press Complaints Commission
Press Complaints Commission
The Press Complaints Commission is a voluntary regulatory body for British printed newspapers and magazines, consisting of representatives of the major publishers. The PCC is funded by the annual levy it charges newspapers and magazines...

.

Celebrity, Arts & Entertainment

"Jason Reed, a member of the CLEAR Executive Committee, heads" the "campaign for high profile support of the cause."

Wales

CLEAR say they have "a strong presence in South Wales guided by Des Humphrey, a medicinal user and one of" their "most determined campaigners." CLEAR "are learning to work with the devolved administration" "particularly now that health is under the control of the Welsh Assembly". CLEAR aims "to lobby hard on the therapeutic and financial benefits of medicinal cannabis."

Scotland

"CLEAR needs representation and support in Scotland." They "plan to lobby the devolved Scottish NHS on the therapeutic and financial benefits of medicinal cannabis."

Social Media

"The CLEAR Facebook page is a very important focus for" the party's "daily activity and has been vital during the development" their website.

Comment Warriors

CLEAR asks people to comment on online cannabis-related articles from various newspapers by calling for "Comment Warriors" on their Facebook
Facebook
Facebook is a social networking service and website launched in February 2004, operated and privately owned by Facebook, Inc. , Facebook has more than 800 million active users. Users must register before using the site, after which they may create a personal profile, add other users as...

 page.

Postcard Campaign

CLEAR claims to have a "ready-to-go campaign leaflet which portrays an astounding truth about cannabis in a dramatic way and doubles up as a postcard which can be sent to the prime minister or an MP as a personal message." Like the Radio Advertising campaign, CLEAR are seeking funding for this and "may roll it out as part of" their "first election campaign."

Members of Parliament

"The only people in Britain who can change the law are MPs. They are, therefore, CLEAR’s most important audience." CLEAR state that they will publish "a database of every MP, his or her position on cannabis, cross-referenced with CLEAR membership by constituency." CLEAR encourages people to write "regularly" to their MP to "make him/her realise that" one will "not vote for someone who supports prohibition." CLEAR provides template letters addressing "the cannabis issue from the starting point of one of the key issues featured on the CLEAR home page."

Election Campaigns

"CLEAR is registered as a UK political party." and claims that it gives them "credibility, respectability and, during elections, a right to fair coverage in the media." They "do not seek to win seats in parliament" because they say that they "are concerned with only one issue." CLEAR seeks "to support politicians who will support a safer, more responsible policy of tax and regulation of cannabis."

Legalise Cannabis Alliance

The Legalise Cannabis Alliance (LCA) campaigned for the legalisation of cannabis for all purposes, including medicinal use
Medical cannabis
Medical cannabis refers to the use of parts of the herb cannabis as a physician-recommended form of medicine or herbal therapy, or to synthetic forms of specific cannabinoids such as THC as a physician-recommended form of medicine...

, as biomass
Biomass
Biomass, as a renewable energy source, is biological material from living, or recently living organisms. As an energy source, biomass can either be used directly, or converted into other energy products such as biofuel....

, hemp
Hemp
Hemp is mostly used as a name for low tetrahydrocannabinol strains of the plant Cannabis sativa, of fiber and/or oilseed varieties. In modern times, hemp has been used for industrial purposes including paper, textiles, biodegradable plastics, construction, health food and fuel with modest...

-based products, and recreational drug use
Recreational drug use
Recreational drug use is the use of a drug, usually psychoactive, with the intention of creating or enhancing recreational experience. Such use is controversial, however, often being considered to be also drug abuse, and it is often illegal...

, and fielded candidates in elections to the House of Commons and to local government
Local government in the United Kingdom
The pattern of local government in England is complex, with the distribution of functions varying according to the local arrangements. Legislation concerning local government in England is decided by the Parliament and Government of the United Kingdom, because England does not have a devolved...



The party had origins in a pressure group formed in Norwich
Norwich
Norwich is a city in England. It is the regional administrative centre and county town of Norfolk. During the 11th century, Norwich was the largest city in England after London, and one of the most important places in the kingdom...

 following imprisonment of Alun Buffry
Alun Buffry
Alun Buffry in Barry, South Wales, is a cannabis and human rights campaigner. He is associated with the Legalise Cannabis Alliance once a political party of the United Kingdom from 1999 to 2006, when it deregistered and became a pressure group...

, but was registered as a political party in March 1999 after Howard Marks
Howard Marks
Dennis Howard Marks is a Welsh author and former drug smuggler who achieved notoriety as an international cannabis smuggler through high-profile court cases, supposed connections with groups such as the CIA, the IRA, MI6, and the Mafia, and his eventual conviction at the hands of the American Drug...

 had stood as a legalise cannabis candidate in four different constituencies
United Kingdom constituencies
In the United Kingdom , each of the electoral areas or divisions called constituencies elects one or more members to a parliament or assembly.Within the United Kingdom there are now five bodies with members elected by constituencies:...

 in the 1997 general election
United Kingdom general election, 1997
The United Kingdom general election, 1997 was held on 1 May 1997, more than five years after the previous election on 9 April 1992, to elect 659 members to the British House of Commons. The Labour Party ended its 18 years in opposition under the leadership of Tony Blair, and won the general...

: Norwich North, Norwich South, Southampton Test and Neath
Neath (UK Parliament constituency)
Neath is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first past the post system of election and one Assembly Member by the first past the post system of election.- The Constituency of Neath :The constituency...



In the same general election Buster Nolan described himself as the New Millennium, New Way, Legalise Cannabis candidate in the Braintree
Braintree (UK Parliament constituency)
Braintree is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first past the post system of election.-Boundaries:...

 constituency

The group formed following Alun Buffry’s imprisonment was initially named, however, as the Campaign to Legalise Cannabis International

It met in Jack's Yard, Magdalen Street, Norwich, and was the Legalise Cannabis International Association (CLCIA) before becoming the LCA

The party used a cannabis
Cannabis
Cannabis is a genus of flowering plants that includes three putative species, Cannabis sativa, Cannabis indica, and Cannabis ruderalis. These three taxa are indigenous to Central Asia, and South Asia. Cannabis has long been used for fibre , for seed and seed oils, for medicinal purposes, and as a...

 leaf image as its emblem and Cannabis : legalise and utilise served as its election manifesto, which supported Jack Herer
Jack Herer
Jack Herer was an American cannabis activist and the author of The Emperor Wears No Clothes, a book which has been used in efforts to decriminalize cannabis.-Biography:...

's claims in the book The Emperor Wears No Clothes
The Emperor Wears No Clothes
The Emperor Wears No Clothes is a book written by Jack Herer. Starting in 1973, Jack Herer took the advice of his friend "Captain" Ed Adair and began compiling tidbits of information about cannabis and its numerous uses. After a dozen years of collecting and compiling historical data, Herer first...

about the potential of cannabis as a source of renewable fuel

The first official LCA candidate in a parliamentary election was former mayor of Carlisle Colin Paisley in the November 1999 by election
Kensington and Chelsea by-election, 1999
The Member of Parliament for Kensington and Chelsea, Alan Clark, died of a brain tumour on September 5, 1999.This was the first safe Conservative seat to have a by-election in the Parliament. There was immediate speculation that Michael Portillo, the most high-profile casualty of the 1997 general...

 in the Kensington and Chelsea
Kensington and Chelsea (UK Parliament constituency)
Kensington and Chelsea was a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It was one of the safest Conservative seats in the United Kingdom, and since its creation in 1997 became a prestigious seat, with MP Alan Clark, the former Defence Secretary...

 constituency

He took 141 (0.7%) of the votes

The second was Derrick Large in the May 2000 Romsey byelection
Romsey by-election, 2000
Conservative Member of Parliament Michael Colvin and his wife died in a fire at their home on 24 February 2000. This created a by-election in his constituency of Romsey in Hampshire, England....

, who took 417 (1.1%) of the votes

Alun Buffry was the party's nominating officer

In local elections in 2000, the party stood five candidates in Norwich and one in Peterborough, and the party stood frequently in local elections.

In the 2001 general election
United Kingdom general election, 2001
The United Kingdom general election, 2001 was held on Thursday 7 June 2001 to elect 659 members to the British House of Commons. It was dubbed "the quiet landslide" by the media, as the Labour Party was re-elected with another landslide result and only suffered a net loss of 6 seats...

 the party had candidates in 13 constituencies, and their best result was in Workington
Workington (UK Parliament constituency)
Workington is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first-past-the-post system of election.-Boundaries:...

, where John Peacock took 1040 (2.5%) of the votes.

In January 2004 cannabis prohibition in the UK was relaxed

Cannabis
Cannabis (drug)
Cannabis, also known as marijuana among many other names, refers to any number of preparations of the Cannabis plant intended for use as a psychoactive drug or for medicinal purposes. The English term marijuana comes from the Mexican Spanish word marihuana...

 had been a class B substance under the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971
Misuse of Drugs Act 1971
The Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 is an Act of Parliament which represents UK action in line with treaty commitments under the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, the Convention on Psychotropic Substances, and the United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic...

, but became a Class C
Class C
The term Class C may refer to:* Class C amplifier, a category of electronic amplifier*Class C , a defunct class in minor league baseball in North America* Class C stellar classification for a carbon star...

 substance, and many people saw this change as approaching decriminalisation

In the 2005 general election
United Kingdom general election, 2005
The United Kingdom general election of 2005 was held on Thursday, 5 May 2005 to elect 646 members to the British House of Commons. The Labour Party under Tony Blair won its third consecutive victory, but with a majority of 66, reduced from 160....

 the LCA stood 18 candidates in 21 constituencies

This was eight more than in the 2001 general election, but included only six that had been contested in that previous election

In all these six constituencies the LCA suffered a fall in its share of the vote, and the average share across 21 constituencies was well down from that across the previous 13

Their best results were in Orkney and Shetland
Orkney and Shetland (UK Parliament constituency)
Orkney and Shetland is a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first past the post system of election...

, Worthing East and Shoreham and Leigh
Leigh (UK Parliament constituency)
Leigh is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first past the post system of election.-Boundaries:...



In Orkney and Shetland, Paul Cruickshank took 1.8% of the votes

Thomas Hampson in Leigh and Chris Baldwin in Worthing East and Shoreham both took 1.5% of the votes.

In the 2005 general election the LCA stood in seven Welsh constituencies, fielding enough candidates to qualify for a party political broadcast
Party political broadcast
A party political broadcast is a short television or radio broadcast made by a political party....

 which aired on Welsh television and was also viewable in other areas of the country due to cable television and Freeview

As well as calling for the legalisation of cannabis, the manifesto in Wales included campaigning against GM food, for lower fuel tax for haulage and transport firms, and support for recycling and renewable energy

The party met with then Home Secretary
Home Secretary
The Secretary of State for the Home Department, commonly known as the Home Secretary, is the minister in charge of the Home Office of the United Kingdom, and one of the country's four Great Offices of State...

 and Norwich South
Norwich South
Norwich South is a parliamentary constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first past the post system of election....

 MP Charles Clarke
Charles Clarke
Charles Rodway Clarke is a British Labour Party politician, who was the Member of Parliament for Norwich South from 1997 until 2010, and served as Home Secretary from December 2004 until May 2006.-Early life:...

 in March 2006 to put their case for the legalisation of cannabis

The LCA voted to de-register as political party at a conference in Norwich on 11 November 2006 and to continue as a pressure group

In 2011, however, a majority of the members voted to re-register as a party, and later 31 members voted and a majority of 19 elected Peter Reynolds
Peter Reynolds (politician)
Peter Reynolds is a writer, communications advisor and leader of CLEAR, Cannabis Law Reform, a political party in the UK registered in 2011...

 as the leader, with Stuart Warwick as deputy leader and Janice Wells as treasurer

Members also voted to rename the group as the Cannabis Law Reform party, and it is now known also as CLEAR

LCA election results

Election Constituency or constituencies Candidate or candidates Votes Share (%) Change
1999 Kensington and Chelsea byelection
Kensington and Chelsea by-election, 1999
The Member of Parliament for Kensington and Chelsea, Alan Clark, died of a brain tumour on September 5, 1999.This was the first safe Conservative seat to have a by-election in the Parliament. There was immediate speculation that Michael Portillo, the most high-profile casualty of the 1997 general...

Kensington and Chelsea
Kensington and Chelsea (UK Parliament constituency)
Kensington and Chelsea was a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It was one of the safest Conservative seats in the United Kingdom, and since its creation in 1997 became a prestigious seat, with MP Alan Clark, the former Defence Secretary...

Colin Paisley 141 0.7 N/A
2000 Romsey byelection
Romsey by-election, 2000
Conservative Member of Parliament Michael Colvin and his wife died in a fire at their home on 24 February 2000. This created a by-election in his constituency of Romsey in Hampshire, England....

Romsey Derrick Large 417 1.1 N/A
2001 general election
United Kingdom general election, 2001
The United Kingdom general election, 2001 was held on Thursday 7 June 2001 to elect 659 members to the British House of Commons. It was dubbed "the quiet landslide" by the media, as the Labour Party was re-elected with another landslide result and only suffered a net loss of 6 seats...

Braintree
Braintree (UK Parliament constituency)
Braintree is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first past the post system of election.-Boundaries:...

Michael Nolan 774 1.5 N/A
Calder Valley
Calder Valley (UK Parliament constituency)
- Elections in the 2000s :- Elections in the 1990s :- Elections in the 1980s :-Sources:*...

Philip Lockwood 672 1.4 N/A
Carlisle
Carlisle (UK Parliament constituency)
Carlisle is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first past the post system of election. It was a Labour seat from 1964 until 2010, although the Conservatives came close to victory in the elections in...

Colin Paisley 554 1.6 N/A
Chelmsford West Herb Philbin 693 0.9 N/A
East Worthing and Shoreham Chris Baldwin 920 2.1 N/A
Edinburgh South
Edinburgh South (UK Parliament constituency)
Edinburgh South is a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, first used in the general election of 1885. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first past the post system of election...

Margaret Hendry 535 1.4 N/A
Hull North Carl Wagner 478 1.7 N/A
Milton Keynes South West Patman Denning 500 1.1 N/A
North East Fife
North East Fife (UK Parliament constituency)
North East Fife is a county constituency in Fife, Scotland, represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom currently held by Sir Menzies Campbell, former leader of the Liberal Democrats...

Leslie Von Goetz 420 1.2 N/A
Norwich South Alun Buffry 620 1.5 N/A
Penrith and the Border
Penrith and The Border (UK Parliament constituency)
Penrith and The Border is a county constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It is represented by one Member of Parliament elected by the first past the post system of election. This Cumbrian constituency was first contested in 1950.-History:The constutuency is...

Mark Gibson 870 2.0 N/A
Romsey Derrick Large 601 1.2 +0.1
Workington
Workington (UK Parliament constituency)
Workington is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first-past-the-post system of election.-Boundaries:...

John Peacock 1040 2.5 N/A
2005 general election
United Kingdom general election, 2005
The United Kingdom general election of 2005 was held on Thursday, 5 May 2005 to elect 646 members to the British House of Commons. The Labour Party under Tony Blair won its third consecutive victory, but with a majority of 66, reduced from 160....

Canterbury
Canterbury (UK Parliament constituency)
Canterbury is a county constituency which has been represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom since 1918. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first past the post system of election....

Rocky van de Benderskum 326 0.7 N/A
Carlisle
Carlisle (UK Parliament constituency)
Carlisle is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first past the post system of election. It was a Labour seat from 1964 until 2010, although the Conservatives came close to victory in the elections in...

Lezley Gibson 343 1.0 -0.6
Carmarthen East and Dinefwr
Carmarthen East and Dinefwr (UK Parliament constituency)
Carmathen East and Dinefwr is a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first past the post system of election. It was created in 1997 mostly from the former seat of Carmarthen...

Sid James Whitworth 343 0.7 N/A
Carmarthen West and Pembrokeshire South Alex Daszak 343 0.6 N/A
Conwy
Conwy (UK Parliament constituency)
Conwy was an electoral constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It returned one Member of Parliament by the single-member district plurality system of voting....

Tim Evans 193 0.6 N/A
East Surrey
East Surrey (UK Parliament constituency)
East Surrey is a county constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first past the post system of election....

Winston Matthews 410 0.8 N/A
East Worthing and Shoreham Chris Baldwin 677 1.5 -0.6
Great Yarmouth
Great Yarmouth (UK Parliament constituency)
Great Yarmouth is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first past the post system of election....

Michael Skipper 389 0.9 N/A
Hull East Carl Wagner 182 0.6 N/A
Hull North Carl Wagner 179 0.6 -1.1
Leigh
Leigh (UK Parliament constituency)
Leigh is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first past the post system of election.-Boundaries:...

Thomas Hampson 415 1.5 N/A
Neath
Neath (UK Parliament constituency)
Neath is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first past the post system of election and one Assembly Member by the first past the post system of election.- The Constituency of Neath :The constituency...

Pat Tabram 334 0.9 N/A
Norwich South Don Barnard 219 0.5 -1.0
Orkney and Shetland
Orkney and Shetland (UK Parliament constituency)
Orkney and Shetland is a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first past the post system of election...

Paul Cruickshank 311 1.8 N/A
Penrith and the Border
Penrith and The Border (UK Parliament constituency)
Penrith and The Border is a county constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It is represented by one Member of Parliament elected by the first past the post system of election. This Cumbrian constituency was first contested in 1950.-History:The constutuency is...

Mark Gibson 549 1.2 -0.8
South Dorset Vic Hamilton 282 0.6 N/A
Swansea West
Swansea West (UK Parliament constituency)
Swansea West is a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first past the post system of election....

Steve Pank 218 0.7 N/A
Vale of Clwyd
Vale of Clwyd (UK Parliament constituency)
The Vale of Clwyd is a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first past the post system of election....

Jeff Ditchfield 286 0.9 N/A
Workington
Workington (UK Parliament constituency)
Workington is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first-past-the-post system of election.-Boundaries:...

John Peacock 381 1.0 -1.5
Worthing West Chris Baldwin 550 1.2 N/A
Ynys Mon
Ynys Môn (UK Parliament constituency)
Ynys Môn is a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first past the post system of election....

Tim Evans 232 0.7 N/A

Top Gear appearance

In 2003 a party representative appeared on Top Gear
Top Gear (current format)
Top Gear is a British television series about motor vehicles, primarily cars. It began in 1977 as a conventional motoring magazine show. Over time, and especially since a relaunch in 2002, it has developed a quirky, humorous style...

's "Fastest political party" show, coming second out of six, behind the Liberal Democrats
Liberal Democrats
The Liberal Democrats are a social liberal political party in the United Kingdom which supports constitutional and electoral reform, progressive taxation, wealth taxation, human rights laws, cultural liberalism, banking reform and civil liberties .The party was formed in 1988 by a merger of the...


External links

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