Carlos Francisco Toledo Plata (December 13, 1932 – August 21, 1984) was a Colombian

Colombian people

Colombian people are from a multiethnic Spanish speaking nation in South America called Colombia. Colombians are predominantly Roman Catholic and are a mixture of Europeans, Africans, and Amerindians.-Demography:...

 doctor, politician, co-founder and early leader of the guerrilla movement known as M-19

19th of April Movement

The 19th of April Movement or M-19, was a Colombian guerrilla movement. After its demobilization it became a political party, the M-19 Democratic Alliance , or AD/M-19.The M-19 traced its origins to the allegedly fraudulent presidential elections of 19 April 1970...

, who also laid the basis for the movement’s socialist platforms with his Marxist ideologies.. He was also a Member of the Colombian Chamber of Representatives for the electoral constituency of Santander

Santander Department

Santander is a department of Colombia. Santander inherited the name of one of the nine original states of the United States of Colombia. It is located in the central northern part of the country, east of the Magdalena River, bordered to the south and southeast by Boyacá, to the northeast by Norte...

 and part of the National Popular Alliance

National Popular Alliance

The National Popular Alliance or ANAPO was a political party in Colombia. It was founded in 1961 as a movement by the ex-president Gustavo Rojas Pinilla and was disbanded in 1998...

 party.

In 1952 Toledo Plata moved to Argentina

Argentina

Argentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...

 to study Traumatology

Traumatology

Traumatology is the study of wounds and injuries caused by accidents or violence to a person, and the surgical therapy and repair of the damage. Traumatology is a branch of medicine. It is often considered a subset of surgery and in countries without the specialty of trauma surgery it is most...

. It was there that he became familiar with the growing movement called Peronism

Peronism

Peronism , or Justicialism , is an Argentine political movement based on the programmes associated with former President Juan Perón and his second wife, Eva Perón...

, which influenced his political outlook from then on, and where he trained with the Argentinean terrorist group known as Montoneros

Montoneros

Montoneros was an Argentine Peronist urban guerrilla group, active during the 1960s and 1970s. The name is an allusion to 19th century Argentinian history. After Juan Perón's return from 18 years of exile and the 1973 Ezeiza massacre, which marked the definitive split between left and right-wing...

.

Capture

After being persecuted by the Colombian Military

Military of Colombia

The Military Forces of Colombia are the armed forces of the Republic of Colombia.-Services:The Military of Colombia consists of:* National Army of Colombia * Colombian National Armada - Marines, Navy and Coast Guard attached* Colombian Air Force...

 in an attack that forced his unit to disperse, Toledo then managed to flee to Ecuador

Ecuador

Ecuador , officially the Republic of Ecuador is a representative democratic republic in South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and by the Pacific Ocean to the west. It is one of only two countries in South America, along with Chile, that do not have a border...

 with the help of the Spanish reporter María Martín using a fake Spanish passport

Spanish passport

‎Spanish passports are issued to Spanish citizens for the purpose of travel outside Spain. However, for travel solely within the European Economic Area, Switzerland and a number of other European countries, Spanish citizens need only use their Spanish identity card...

. Once in Ecuador, he tried to apply for political asylum, but was instead detained and handed over to the Colombian authorities. Once in Colombian custody he was imprisoned in La Picota, Toledo and fellow fighter Álvaro Fayad Delgado, were granted amnesty from the Government of President Belisario Betancur

Belisario Betancur

Belisario Betancur Cuartas is a Colombian statesman, who as a member of the Colombian Conservative Party was President of Colombia from 1982 to 1986.- Biographic data :...

 in 1982, and Toledo was able to return to civil life.

Death

He was assassinated on August 10, 1984, in a surprise attack by two men on a motorcycle who met him just outside his home in the early hours of the morning, and shot him five times. The incident caused great tensions in the country, as it happened days before the signing of a Peace Accord between the Government and the M-19. The M-19 alluded the attack to the Military as a revenge killing for an attack on the Military the previous week by the M-19. The Government alluded the attack to other guerrilla groups, and those who were against the Peace Process. In retaliation, the M-19 commanded by Rosemberg Pabón

Rosemberg Pabón

Rosemberg Pabón Pabón is a Colombian political scientist who since 2006 serves as Director of the National Administrative Department of Solidary Economy . A former leader of the M-19 guerilla movement, he commanded the 1980 Dominican Embassy siege in Bogotá...

 launched a siege on the city on Yumbo

Yumbo

Yumbo is a small, industrial city and municipality located in western Colombia. It is located in the Valle del Cauca department, just north of Cali...

, where they burned the office of the Mayor, and tried but failed to capture the police headquarters

Although his death was a grave blow to the accord, the Government and the M-19 agreed to go ahead and sign the treaty, and even accelerated the event to prevent any complications.