Casio FX-602P series
Encyclopedia
The FX-601P and FX-602P were programmable calculator
s, manufactured by CASIO
from 1981. It was the successor model to the Casio FX-502P series
and was itself succeeded in 1990 by the Casio FX-603P
.
was possible but not very common
The FX-601P could store 128 fully merged steps and data could be stored in 11 memory register. The memory of the FX-602P could be partitioned between from 32 to 512 fully merged steps and data could be stored in 22 to 88 memory register. The default set-up was 22 register and 512 steps. From there one could trade 8 steps for one additional register or 80 steps for 11 register with the 11th register begin a so called "F" register.
Like its predecessor the FX-602P series supported 10 labels for programs and subroutines called P0 .. P9. Each program or subroutine could have up to 10 local labels called LBL0 .. LBL9 for jumps and branches.
The FX-601P and FX-602P supported indirect addressing both for memory access and jumps and therefore programming model could be considered Turing complete
.
Both the FX-601P and FX-602P could load and execute programs from the predecessors.
Key-code Comment
P0 Call the program with the P0 key
Min00 stores the value in register 0
1 starts with 1
LBL0 label for the loop
* multiply
MR00 by n
DSZ GOTO0 décrements M00 and back to LBL0 until M00=0
= end of loop, the machine has calculated 1*n*(n-1)*...2*1=n!
interface as used by the FX-502P line of calculators or alternatively the newer FA-2
interface which was also used by Casio FX-702P
. Both interfaces featured a Kansas City standard
Compact Cassette
interface. The FA-2 featured an additional printer port for the FP-10
Thermal printer
.
Programmable calculator
Programmable calculators are calculators that can automatically carry out a sequence of operations under control of a stored program, much like a computer. The first programmable calculators such as the IBM CPC used punched cards or other media for program storage...
s, manufactured by CASIO
Casio
is a multinational electronic devices manufacturing company founded in 1946, with its headquarters in Shibuya, Tokyo, Japan. Casio is best known for its electronic products, such as calculators, audio equipment, PDAs, cameras, musical instruments, and watches...
from 1981. It was the successor model to the Casio FX-502P series
Casio FX-502P series
The FX-501P and FX-502P were programmable calculators, manufactured by CASIO from 1978. They were the predecessors of the Casio FX-601P and Casio FX-602P.-Arithmetic:The FX-502P series use the algebraic logic as was state of the art at the time....
and was itself succeeded in 1990 by the Casio FX-603P
Casio FX-603P
The FX-603P was a programmable calculator, manufactured by CASIO from 1990. It was the successor model to the Casio FX-602P.-Display:The FX-603P featured a two line dot matrix display with 16 characters each as main display...
.
Display
The FX-601P series featured a single line dot matrix display with 11 characters as main display. An additional 3 digits 7-segment display used to display exponents as well as program steps when entering or debugging programs. There were 11 status indicators.Programming
The programming model employed key stroke programming by which each key pressed was recorded and later played back. On record, multiple key presses where merged into in a single programming step. Only a few operations needed two bytes. Synthetic programmingSynthetic programming
Synthetic programming refers to assembly language programming in scripting languages. Implementations vary from inline assembly to better wrapped machine instructions.-Implementations:* Python: Corepy: http://www.corepy.org/...
was possible but not very common
The FX-601P could store 128 fully merged steps and data could be stored in 11 memory register. The memory of the FX-602P could be partitioned between from 32 to 512 fully merged steps and data could be stored in 22 to 88 memory register. The default set-up was 22 register and 512 steps. From there one could trade 8 steps for one additional register or 80 steps for 11 register with the 11th register begin a so called "F" register.
Like its predecessor the FX-602P series supported 10 labels for programs and subroutines called P0 .. P9. Each program or subroutine could have up to 10 local labels called LBL0 .. LBL9 for jumps and branches.
The FX-601P and FX-602P supported indirect addressing both for memory access and jumps and therefore programming model could be considered Turing complete
Turing completeness
In computability theory, a system of data-manipulation rules is said to be Turing complete or computationally universal if and only if it can be used to simulate any single-taped Turing machine and thus in principle any computer. A classic example is the lambda calculus...
.
Both the FX-601P and FX-602P could load and execute programs from the predecessors.
Programming example
This program computes the factorial of an integer number from 2 to 69. For 5!, the user enters5 P0 to produce the result, 120. The program occupies 9 bytes of memory.Key-code Comment
P0 Call the program with the P0 key
Min00 stores the value in register 0
1 starts with 1
LBL0 label for the loop
* multiply
MR00 by n
DSZ GOTO0 décrements M00 and back to LBL0 until M00=0
= end of loop, the machine has calculated 1*n*(n-1)*...2*1=n!
Interface
The FX-601P and FX-602P used the same FA-1Casio FA-1
The FA-1 Interface was used the FX-502P and FX-602P series of programmable calculator to store programs and data register to Compact Cassette.-External links:* on shows the FA-1 interface....
interface as used by the FX-502P line of calculators or alternatively the newer FA-2
Casio FA-2
The FA-2 Interface was used the FX-602P series of programmable calculator and the FX-702P Pocket Computer to store programs and data register to Compact Cassette. When compared with its predecessor the Casio FA-1 the FA-2 featured an additional tape control output and connector for the Casio FP-10...
interface which was also used by Casio FX-702P
Casio FX-702P
The FX-702P is a Pocket Computer, manufactured by Casio from 1981 to 1984.-Display:The FX-702P features a single line dot matrix liquid crystal display with 20 characters. A 10-digit mantissa is displayed however internal calculations use a 12-digit mantissa.-Programming:The programming model...
. Both interfaces featured a Kansas City standard
Kansas City standard
The Kansas City Standard , or Byte standard, is a digital data format for audio cassette drives. Byte magazine sponsored a symposium in November 1975 in Kansas City, Missouri to develop a standard for storage of digital computer data on inexpensive consumer quality cassettes, at a time when...
Compact Cassette
Compact Cassette
The Compact Cassette, often referred to as audio cassette, cassette tape, cassette, or simply tape, is a magnetic tape sound recording format. It was designed originally for dictation, but improvements in fidelity led the Compact Cassette to supplant the Stereo 8-track cartridge and reel-to-reel...
interface. The FA-2 featured an additional printer port for the FP-10
Casio FP-10
The FP-10 Spark printer was used the FX-602P series of programmable calculator and the FX-702P Pocket Computer to print out programs, data register and display content....
Thermal printer
Thermal printer
A thermal printer produces a printed image by selectively heating coated thermochromic paper, or thermal paper as it is commonly known, when the paper passes over the thermal print head. The coating turns black in the areas where it is heated, producing an image...
.
External links
- FX-602P home page with in depth information and home of the FX-602P Simulator.
- The Casio FX-602P calculator on the pocket computer museum
- Casio FX-602P on Caz Pocket Computers Collection
- FX-601P and FX-602P on RS-Key maintained by Viktor Toth.
- casio fx-602p on Voidware